Question

我试图在Debian上安装我的Rails 5项目。无论是否bundle install运行sudo都会导致错误抱怨没有相应版本的Ruby，即使我之后运行ruby -v，您也可以看到版本为2.4。如何将bundle install指向正确的版本？

$ sudo bundle install
[sudo] password for myuser:
Don't run Bundler as root. Bundler can ask for sudo if it is needed, and installing your bundle as root will break this application for all non-root users on this machine.
Your Gemfile lists the gem jquery-rails (>= 0) more than once.
You should probably keep only one of them.
While it's not a problem now, it could cause errors if you change the version of just one of them later.
Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/........
Fetching additional metadata from https://rubygems.org/..
Using rake 12.0.0
Using concurrent-ruby 1.0.5
Using i18n 0.8.6
Using minitest 5.10.3
Using thread_safe 0.3.6
Using tzinfo 1.2.3

Gem::InstallError: activesupport requires Ruby version >= 2.2.2.
An error occurred while installing activesupport (5.0.4), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install activesupport -v '5.0.4'` succeeds before bundling.

$ ruby -v
ruby 2.4.0p0 (2016-12-24 revision 57164) [armv6l-linux-eabihf]

在没有sudo的情况下运行：

$ bundle install
Your Gemfile lists the gem jquery-rails (>= 0) more than once.
You should probably keep only one of them.
While it's not a problem now, it could cause errors if you change the version of just one of them later.
Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/........
Fetching additional metadata from https://rubygems.org/..
Using rake 12.0.0
Using concurrent-ruby 1.0.5
Using i18n 0.8.6
Using minitest 5.10.3
Using thread_safe 0.3.6
Using tzinfo 1.2.3

Gem::InstallError: activesupport requires Ruby version >= 2.2.2.
An error occurred while installing activesupport (5.0.4), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install activesupport -v '5.0.4'` succeeds before bundling.

$ ruby -v
ruby 2.4.0p0 (2016-12-24 revision 57164) [armv6l-linux-eabihf]

Answer 1

当你调用bundle时，首先bundle本身会在$PATH中得到解决。您可以通过键入whereis bundle或which bundle来检查其可执行文件的位置。就我而言（Ubuntu 16.04），它位于/usr/local/bin/bundle。

如果我们执行cat /usr/local/bin/bundle，我们将获得此可执行文件的内容：

$ cat /usr/local/bin/bundle
#!/usr/bin/ruby2.4
#
# This file was generated by RubyGems.
#
# The application 'bundler' is installed as part of a gem, and
# this file is here to facilitate running it.
#

require 'rubygems'

version = ">= 0.a"

if ARGV.first
  str = ARGV.first
  str = str.dup.force_encoding("BINARY") if str.respond_to? :force_encoding
  if str =~ /\A_(.*)_\z/ and Gem::Version.correct?($1) then
    version = $1
    ARGV.shift
  end
end

load Gem.activate_bin_path('bundler', 'bundle', version)

正如您所看到的，它是一个普通的Ruby脚本，最顶层的行（#!/usr/bin/ruby2.4）设置解释器来执行它。

我想，在你的情况下，使用了一个旧的Ruby版本，因为如果在安装2.4.0之前你的系统中有一个Ruby，gem的可执行文件没有为2.4更新，也使用了旧的Ruby版本。您可以通过which gem（对我来说/usr/bin/gem）并使用cat检查文件内容来检查这一点。

之后，您可以通过键入gem：

来检查whereis gem的可用可执行文件

$ whereis gem
gem: /usr/bin/gem /usr/bin/gem2.2 /usr/bin/gem2.4

然后您可以通过键入gem uninstall bundler（这也应该删除它的可执行文件）来删除bundler并使用正确的gem再次安装它，执行：

/usr/bin/gem2.4 install bundle

这应该可以解决问题，因为在Bundler的可执行文件中，你将获得Ruby 2.4作为解释器。

update-alternatives命令对这种情况也很有用。

正如您所看到的，这是一个令人头痛的问题，所以我建议使用Ruby版本管理器（rvm，rbenv等），或者每台机器只有一个Ruby版本。< / p>

Answer 2

gem install rails --version 5.0.0

如何告诉bundle install在我的PATH上使用Ruby版本？

2 个答案: