如何更新CSV文件中的行

时间:2017-09-09 00:25:17

标签: python csv

您好我试图创建一个更新csv值的程序。用户搜索ID,如果ID存在,则会在ID号所在的行上获取要替换的新值。这里row[0:9]是我的ID的长度。

我的想法是扫描0-9中的每一行或我的ID号所在的位置,当找到它时,我将使用.replace()方法替换除此之外的值。我是怎么做到的:

    def update_thing():
        replace = stud_ID +','+ stud_name +','+ stud_course +','+ stud_year
        empty = []
        with open(fileName, 'r+') as upFile:
            for row in f:
                if row[0:9] == stud_ID:
                    row=row.replace(row,replace)
                    msg = Label(upd_win, text="Updated Successful", font="fixedsys 12 bold").place(x=3,y=120)
                if not row[0:9] == getID:
                    empty.append(row)

        upFile.close()
        upFile = open(fileName, 'w')
        upFile.writelines(empty)
        upFile.close()  

但是它不起作用,我需要有关如何解决这个问题的想法。

Screenshot

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:5)

使用csv模块,您可以遍历行并将每个行作为dict访问。还注意到here,更新文件的优先方法是使用临时文件。

from tempfile import NamedTemporaryFile
import shutil
import csv

filename = 'my.csv'
tempfile = NamedTemporaryFile(mode='w', delete=False)

fields = ['ID', 'Name', 'Course', 'Year']

with open(filename, 'r') as csvfile, tempfile:
    reader = csv.DictReader(csvfile, fieldnames=fields)
    writer = csv.DictWriter(tempfile, fieldnames=fields)
    for row in reader:
        if row['ID'] == str(stud_ID):
            print('updating row', row['ID'])
            row['Name'], row['Course'], row['Year'] = stud_name, stud_course, stud_year
        row = {'ID': row['ID'], 'Name': row['Name'], 'Course': row['Course'], 'Year': row['Year']}
        writer.writerow(row)

shutil.move(tempfile.name, filename)

如果仍然无法正常工作,您可以尝试其中一种编码:

with open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf8') as csvfile, tempfile:
with open(filename, 'r', encoding='ascii') as csvfile, tempfile:

编辑:添加了str,print和encodings

答案 1 :(得分:0)

只需同时写入新文件,读取原始行,根据 Stud_ID 值有条件地更改行。新文件的名称后缀为 _new

line_replace = stud_ID +','+ stud_name +','+ stud_course +','+ stud_year

with open(fileName, 'r') as readFile, open(fileName.replace('.csv', '_new.csv'), 'w') as writeFile: 
   for row in readFile:
      if row[0:9] == stud_ID:
         writeFile.write(line_replace)
         msg = Label(upd_win, text="Updated Successful", font="fixedsys 12 bold").place(x=3,y=120)
      else: 
         writeFile.write(row)