我正在通过浏览Django教程创建一个网站。但
/ polls / 1 /投票时的BootstrapError 参数“form”应包含有效的Django表单。
错误发生。 回溯是
Traceback:
File "/Users/XXX/anaconda/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/utils/datastructures.py" in __getitem__
83. list_ = super(MultiValueDict, self).__getitem__(key)
During handling of the above exception ('choice'), another exception occurred:
File "/Users/XXX/djangostudy/polls/views.py" in vote
26. selected_choice = question.choice_set.get(pk=request.POST['choice'])
File "/Users/XXX/anaconda/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/utils/datastructures.py" in __getitem__
85. raise MultiValueDictKeyError(repr(key))
During handling of the above exception ("'choice'"), another exception occurred:
File "/Users/XXX/anaconda/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py" in inner
41. response = get_response(request)
File "/Users/XXX/anaconda/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in _get_response
187. response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)
File "/Users/XXX/anaconda/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in _get_response
185. response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
File "/Users/XXX/djangostudy/polls/views.py" in vote
30. 'error_message':"You didn't select a choice",
File "/Users/XXX/anaconda/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/shortcuts.py" in render
30. content = loader.render_to_string(template_name, context, request, using=using)
File "/Users/XXX/anaconda/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/template/loader.py" in render_to_string
68. return template.render(context, request)
File "/Users/XXX/anaconda/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/template/backends/django.py" in render
66. return self.template.render(context)
File "/Users/XXX/anaconda/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/template/base.py" in render
207. return self._render(context)
File "/Users/XXX/anaconda/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/template/base.py" in _render
199. return self.nodelist.render(context)
File "/Users/XXX/anaconda/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/template/base.py" in render
990. bit = node.render_annotated(context)
File "/Users/XXX/anaconda/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/template/base.py" in render_annotated
957. return self.render(context)
File "/Users/XXX/anaconda/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/template/loader_tags.py" in render
177. return compiled_parent._render(context)
File "/Users/XXX/anaconda/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/template/base.py" in _render
199. return self.nodelist.render(context)
File "/Users/XXX/anaconda/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/template/base.py" in render
990. bit = node.render_annotated(context)
File "/Users/XXX/anaconda/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/template/base.py" in render_annotated
957. return self.render(context)
File "/Users/XXX/anaconda/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/template/loader_tags.py" in render
177. return compiled_parent._render(context)
File "/Users/XXX/anaconda/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/template/base.py" in _render
199. return self.nodelist.render(context)
File "/Users/XXX/anaconda/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/template/base.py" in render
990. bit = node.render_annotated(context)
File "/Users/XXX/anaconda/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/template/base.py" in render_annotated
957. return self.render(context)
File "/Users/XXX/anaconda/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/template/loader_tags.py" in render
72. result = block.nodelist.render(context)
File "/Users/XXX/anaconda/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/template/base.py" in render
990. bit = node.render_annotated(context)
File "/Users/XXX/anaconda/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/template/base.py" in render_annotated
957. return self.render(context)
File "/Users/XXX/anaconda/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/template/library.py" in render
203. output = self.func(*resolved_args, **resolved_kwargs)
File "/Users/XXX/anaconda/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/bootstrap3/templatetags/bootstrap3.py" in bootstrap_form
338. return render_form(*args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/XXX/anaconda/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/bootstrap3/forms.py" in render_form
53. return renderer_cls(form, **kwargs).render()
File "/Users/XXX/anaconda/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/bootstrap3/renderers.py" in __init__
161. 'Parameter "form" should contain a valid Django Form.')
Exception Type: BootstrapError at /polls/1/vote
Exception Value: Parameter "form" should contain a valid Django Form.
模板中的base.html是
{% load staticfiles %}
{% load bootstrap3 %}
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<link rel="icon" href="../../favicon.ico">
<title>Starter Template for Bootstrap</title>
<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
<link href="{% static 'css/bootstrap.min.css' %}" rel="stylesheet">
<style type="text/css">
body {
padding-top: 50px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top">
<div class="container">
<div class="navbar-header">
<button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="navbar">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
</button>
<a class="navbar-brand" href="{% url 'index' %}">Tutorial</a>
</div>
<div id="navbar" class="collapse navbar-collapse">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li class="{% block nav_polls %}{% endblock %}"><a href="{% url 'polls:index' %}">polls</a></li>
<li class=""><a href="{% url 'admin:index' %}">admin</a></li>
</ul>
</div><!--/.nav-collapse -->
</div>
</nav>
<div class="container">
{% bootstrap_messages messages %}
{% block contents %}{% endblock %}
</div>
<!-- Bootstrap core JavaScript
================================================== -->
<!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.3/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="../../assets/js/vendor/jquery.min.js"><\/script>')</script>
<script src="{% static 'js/bootstrap.min.js' %}"></script>
</body>
</html>
views.py是
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.urls import reverse_lazy
from .models import Question
from django.shortcuts import get_object_or_404,redirect
from .models import Choice
from .forms import MyForm
from .forms import VoteForm
from django.views.generic import FormView
from django.views.generic.detail import SingleObjectMixin
from django.shortcuts import resolve_url
from django.contrib import messages
from django.urls import reverse
# Create your views here.
def index(request):
return render(request,'polls/index.html',{
'questions': Question.objects.all(),
})
def vote(request,pk):
question = get_object_or_404(Question,pk=pk)
try:
selected_choice = question.choice_set.get(pk=request.POST['choice'])
except (KeyError,Choice.DoesNotExist):
return render(request,'polls/detail.html',{
'question':question,
'error_message':"You didn't select a choice",
})
else:
selected_choice.votes += 1
selected_choice.save()
# return redirect(reverse('polls:poll_results'), pk=pk)
# return redirect('results_url', pk=pk)
return redirect('polls:polls_results', pk=pk)
def results(request,pk):
obj = get_object_or_404(Question,pk=pk)
return render(request,'polls/results.html',{
'question':obj,
})
class FormTest(FormView):
form_class = MyForm
template_name = 'polls/form.html'
success_url = reverse_lazy('polls:index')
form_test = FormTest.as_view()
class Detail(SingleObjectMixin,FormView):
model = Question
form_class = VoteForm
context_object_name = 'question'
template_name = 'polls/detail.html'
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
self.object = self.get_object()
return super().post(request, *args, **kwargs)
def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
self.object = self.get_object()
return super().post(request, *args, **kwargs)
def get_form_kwargs(self):
kwargs = super().get_form_kwargs()
kwargs['question'] = self.object
return kwargs
def form_valid(self, form):
form.vote()
choice = form.cleaned_data['choice']
messages.success(self.request,'"%s"に投票しました' % choice)
return super().form_valid(form)
def get_success_url(self):
return resolve_url('polls:results',self.kwargs['pk'])
detail = Detail.as_view()
我能理解为什么会发生这种错误。这是否需要Form类？我该如何解决这个问题？
答案 0 :(得分：1)
当您查看Traceback时，您可以看到顶部的某处：
File "/Users/XXX/djangostudy/polls/views.py" in vote
26. selected_choice =question.choice_set.get(pk=request.POST['choice'])
File "/Users/XXX/anaconda/envs/py36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/utils/datastructures.py" in __getitem__
85. raise MultiValueDictKeyError(repr(key))
您未在try:...except:块中发现此错误。
首先，我会检查request.POST['choice']是否会返回您认为的内容。
编辑：
正如评论中所指出的，使用try / except可能是一个坏主意。最好检查POST字典是否具有键“选择”。例如，使用.get（）方法。另请参阅https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/request-response/#httprequest-objects