Question

这是我输入学生详细信息的代码。用户输入详细信息并输入yes后，详细信息将导出到StudentDetails.csv（Microsoft Excel），它应该在标题下方，但最终会转到其他位置。

def EnterStudent():
    uchoice_loop = False
    ask_loop = False
    while uchoice_loop == False:
            surname = raw_input("What is the surname?")
            forename = raw_input("What is the forname?")
            date = raw_input("What is the date of birth? {Put it in the format D/M/Y}")
            home_address = raw_input("What is the home address?")
            home_phone = raw_input("What is the home phone?")
            gender = raw_input("What is their gender?")
            tutor_group = raw_input("What is their tutor group?")
            email = (forename.lower() + surname.lower() + ("@school.com"))
            print(surname+" "+forename+" "+date+" "+home_address+" "+home_phone+" "+gender+" "+tutor_group+" "+email)
            ask = raw_input("Are these details correct?"+"\n"+"Press b to go back, or yes to add entered data on your student.").lower()
            if ask == "yes":
                    f = open("StudentDetails.csv","rt")
                    lines = f.readlines()
                    f.close()
                    lines.append(surname+","+forename+","+date+","+home_address+","+home_phone+","+gender+","+tutor_group+","+email+"\n")
                    f = open("StudentDetails.csv", "w")
                    f.writelines(lines)
                    f.close()
                    uchoice_loop = True
                    printMenu()
            elif ask == "b":
                    uchoice_loop = False
            else:
                 print("Plesase enter 'b' to go back or 'yes' to continue")

这是我的csv文件。 enter image description here

Answer 1

您可以采取一些措施来完成这项工作。您不需要打开StudentDetails.csv并阅读所有行。相反，您可以创建一个行字符串变量并将其附加到StudentDetails.csv，如下例所示

#f = open("StudentDetails.csv","rt")
#lines = f.readlines()
#f.close()
lines = surname+","+forename+","+date+","+home_address+","+home_phone+","+gender+","+tutor_group+","+email

# the "a" appends the lines variable to the csv file instead of writing over it like the "w" does
f = open("StudentDetails.csv", "a") 
f.writelines(lines)
f.close()
uchoice_loop = True

Answer 2

Eric是正确的，您最好以附加模式打开文件（请参阅https://docs.python.org/3.6/library/functions.html#open），而不是一遍又一遍地读取和重写文件。

我想补充一点，你可能会喜欢使用标准库的csv模块（参见https://docs.python.org/3.6/library/csv.html），特别是如果你想在Excel中使用你的输出文件之后。

然后，我还建议您不要将变量用于while循环条件，而是要了解continue和break语句。如果您想在示例中突破外部循环，请研究try，except和raise。

最后，除非你真的必须使用Python 2.x，否则我建议你开始使用Python 3.下面的代码是用Python 3编写的，在Python 2中不起作用。

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- codig: utf-8 -*-

import csv


def enterStudent():
    b_or_yes = 'Press b to go back, or yes to save the entered data: '
    while True:
        surname = input('What is the surname? ')
        forename = input('What is the first name? ')
        date = input(
            'What is the date of birth? {Put it in the format D/M/Y} ')
        home_address = input('What is the home address? ')
        home_phone = input('What is the home phone? ')
        gender = input('What is the gender? ')
        tutor_group = input('What is the tutor group? ')
        email = forename.lower() + surname.lower() + '@school.com'
        studentdata = (
            surname,
            forename,
            date,
            home_address,
            home_phone,
            gender,
            tutor_group,
            email)
        print(studentdata)
        while True:
            reply = input('Are these details correct?\n' + b_or_yes).lower()
            if reply == 'yes':
                with open('studentdetails.csv', 'a', newline='') as csvfile:
                    studentwriter = csv.writer(csvfile, dialect='excel')
                    studentwriter.writerow(studentdata)
                break
            elif reply == 'b':
                break


if __name__ == '__main__':
    enterStudent()

祝你好运！

如何使用户输入的数据显示在标题下方

2 个答案: