Question

我有以下设置：main()函数进行AJAX调用，并在SUCCESS内调用getValue1()和getValue2()。我正在学习如何使用关键字 async 和等待

根据此SO post和此开发人员manual，以下代码应该有效。但是，它没有。有人可以告诉我为什么吗？

async function main() {
  $.ajax({
      url: "...", 
      success: function (object) {
          var html = '';
          for (var i = 0; i < object.length; i++) {
              var value1 = await getValue1(object[i].value1);
              html += '<p>' + value1 + '</p>';

              var value2 = await getValue2(object[i].value2);
              html += '<p>' + value2 + '</p>';

              console.log(html);
          }
      }
  });
}

function getValue1(value1) {
  $.ajax({
      url: "...", 
      success: function (value1) {
          return value1;
      } 
  });
}

function getValue2(value2) {
  $.ajax({
      url: "...", 
      success: function (value2) {
          return value2;
      } 
  });
}

Answer 1

首先，您需要将async关键字放在await所在的同一个函数中。为此，您需要在Promise函数中返回getValue1/2。

以下代码应该按原样运行，但请注意：

使用Promise.all同时处理所有请求，因此当它们全部解析后，它会将结果记录在控制台中
我使用了let和const个关键字，因为我认为您使用的是最新版本的JavaScript

您可能需要查看Promise's documentation以完全理解以下代码。

function main() {
  $.ajax({
    url: 'https://api.ipify.org',
    success: function (object) {
      // this is for demonstration only:
      object = [
        {
          value1: 'https://api.ipify.org',
          value2: 'https://api.ipify.org',
        },
        {
          value1: 'https://api.ipify.org',
          value2: 'https://api.ipify.org',
        },
      ];
      // ^^^ remove this for your use

      // for some reasons, async callback in success won't work with jQuery
      // but using this self-calling async function will do the job
      (async function () {
        const requests = [];
        for (let i = 0; i < object.length; i++) {
          requests.push(getValue1(object[i].value1));
          requests.push(getValue2(object[i].value2));
        }

        // all requests are done simultaneously
        const results = await Promise.all(requests);

        // will print ["<your ip>", "<your ip>", ...]
        console.log(results);
      })();
    },
  });
}

function getValue1(param1) {
  // return a promise that resolve when request is done
  return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
    $.ajax({
      url: param1,
      success: resolve,
      error: reject,
    });
  });
}

function getValue2(param2) {
  // return a promise that resolve when request is done
  return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
    $.ajax({
      url: param2,
      success: resolve,
      error: reject,
    });
  });
}

// call main for testing
main();

异步功能不适用于等待

1 个答案: