Question

我尝试在Mac OS X上使用CMake构建我的应用程序，我收到以下错误：

Linking CXX shared library libsml.so
ld: unknown option: -soname
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [libsml.so] Error 1
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/sml.dir/all] Error 2
make: *** [all] Error 2

这很奇怪，因为Mac有.dylib扩展名而不是.so。

我的CMakeLists.txt：

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.6)

PROJECT (SilentMedia)

SET(SourcePath src/libsml)

IF (DEFINED OSS)
SET(OSS_src
    ${SourcePath}/Media/Audio/SoundSystem/OSS/DSP/DSP.cpp
    ${SourcePath}/Media/Audio/SoundSystem/OSS/Mixer/Mixer.cpp
)
ENDIF(DEFINED OSS)

IF (DEFINED ALSA)
SET(ALSA_src
    ${SourcePath}/Media/Audio/SoundSystem/ALSA/DSP/DSP.cpp
    ${SourcePath}/Media/Audio/SoundSystem/ALSA/Mixer/Mixer.cpp
)
ENDIF(DEFINED ALSA)

SET(SilentMedia_src

    ${SourcePath}/Utils/Base64/Base64.cpp
    ${SourcePath}/Utils/String/String.cpp
    ${SourcePath}/Utils/Random/Random.cpp

    ${SourcePath}/Media/Container/FileLoader.cpp

    ${SourcePath}/Media/Container/OGG/OGG.cpp

    ${SourcePath}/Media/PlayList/XSPF/XSPF.cpp
    ${SourcePath}/Media/PlayList/XSPF/libXSPF.cpp
    ${SourcePath}/Media/PlayList/PlayList.cpp

    ${OSS_src}
    ${ALSA_src}

    ${SourcePath}/Media/Audio/Audio.cpp
    ${SourcePath}/Media/Audio/AudioInfo.cpp
    ${SourcePath}/Media/Audio/AudioProxy.cpp

    ${SourcePath}/Media/Audio/SoundSystem/SoundSystem.cpp
    ${SourcePath}/Media/Audio/SoundSystem/libao/AO.cpp

    ${SourcePath}/Media/Audio/Codec/WAV/WAV.cpp
    ${SourcePath}/Media/Audio/Codec/Vorbis/Vorbis.cpp
    ${SourcePath}/Media/Audio/Codec/WavPack/WavPack.cpp
    ${SourcePath}/Media/Audio/Codec/FLAC/FLAC.cpp
)

SET(SilentMedia_LINKED_LIBRARY
    sml
    vorbisfile
    FLAC++
    wavpack
    ao
    #asound
    boost_thread-mt
    boost_filesystem-mt
    xspf
    gtest
)

INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(
    /usr/include
    /usr/local/include
    /usr/include/c++/4.4
    /Users/alex/Downloads/boost_1_45_0
    ${SilentMedia_SOURCE_DIR}/src
    ${SilentMedia_SOURCE_DIR}/${SourcePath}
)

#link_directories(
#   /usr/lib
#   /usr/local/lib
#   /Users/alex/Downloads/boost_1_45_0/stage/lib
#)

IF(LibraryType STREQUAL "static")
  ADD_LIBRARY(sml-static STATIC ${SilentMedia_src})
  # rename library from libsml-static.a => libsml.a
  SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(sml-static PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME "sml")
  SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(sml-static PROPERTIES CLEAN_DIRECT_OUTPUT 1)
ELSEIF(LibraryType STREQUAL "shared")
  ADD_LIBRARY(sml SHARED ${SilentMedia_src})

  # change compile optimization/debug flags # -Werror -pedantic
  IF(BuildType STREQUAL "Debug")
    SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(sml PROPERTIES COMPILE_FLAGS "-pipe -Wall -W -ggdb")
  ELSEIF(BuildType STREQUAL "Release")
    SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(sml PROPERTIES COMPILE_FLAGS "-pipe -Wall -W -O3 -fomit-frame-pointer")
  ENDIF()

  SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES(sml PROPERTIES CLEAN_DIRECT_OUTPUT 1)
ENDIF()

### TEST ###

IF(Test STREQUAL "true")
  ADD_EXECUTABLE (bin/TestXSPF ${SourcePath}/Test/Media/PlayLists/XSPF/TestXSPF.cpp)
  TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES (bin/TestXSPF ${SilentMedia_LINKED_LIBRARY})

  ADD_EXECUTABLE (bin/test1 ${SourcePath}/Test/test.cpp)
  TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES (bin/test1 ${SilentMedia_LINKED_LIBRARY})

  ADD_EXECUTABLE (bin/TestFileLoader ${SourcePath}/Test/Media/Container/FileLoader/TestFileLoader.cpp)
  TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES (bin/TestFileLoader ${SilentMedia_LINKED_LIBRARY})

  ADD_EXECUTABLE (bin/testMixer ${SourcePath}/Test/testMixer.cpp)
  TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES (bin/testMixer ${SilentMedia_LINKED_LIBRARY})
ENDIF (Test STREQUAL "true")

### TEST ###

ADD_CUSTOM_TARGET(doc COMMAND doxygen ${SilentMedia_SOURCE_DIR}/doc/Doxyfile)

Linux上没有错误。

构建过程：

cmake -D BuildType=Debug -D LibraryType=shared .
make

我发现，CMakeFiles/sml.dir/link.txt生成了错误的命令。但是，为什么，因为CMake的目标是跨平台..

如何解决？

Answer 1

我在OS X上遇到类似的问题，我使用install_name开关代替soname解决了这个问题。

gcc -shared <files> -lc -Wl,-install_name,<libname>.so, -o <libname>.so.1

Answer 2

好的，我发现了问题所在。在构建之前，您必须删除所有CMake临时文件夹和文件，例如CMakeFiles，CMakeCache.txt，Makefile。在我的情况下，问题是我在Linux上构建了该项目并且没有删除这些文件...... 这就是为什么有.so扩展...

Answer 3

您清除了问题，但我想提供此作为未来访问者的参考，因为在OS X上创建动态库还有一些其他内容。另请参阅Apple Developer页面中的Creating Dynamic Libraries。

OS X不使用约定libcoolstuff.so.X.Y.Z。 OS X使用约定libcoolstuff.X.dylib。要将X.Y.Z嵌入到库中，请使用-install_name，-current_version和-compatibility_version。

我不知道Cmake，但这是它在Make下的样子。构建libcoolstuff 1.0.6的方法如下：

libcoolstuff libcoolstuff.dylib:
    $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -dynamiclib -install_name "libcoolstuff.1.dylib" \
    -current_version 1.0.6 -compatibility_version 1.0 -o libcoolstuff.1.dylib $(OBJS)

您的make install规则如下：

PREFIX?=/usr/local
LIBDIR?=$(PREFIX)/lib
...

install:
    cp -f libcoolstuff.1.dylib $(LIBDIR)/libcoolstuff.1.dylib
    rm -f $(LIBDIR)/libcoolstuff.dylib
    ln -s $(LIBDIR)/libcoolstuff.1.dylib $(LIBDIR)/libcoolstuff.dylib
    install_name_tool -change "libcoolstuff.1.dylib" "$(LIBDIR)/libcoolstuff.1.dylib" $(LIBDIR)/libcoolstuff.1.dylib

在otool下，它看起来像是：

$ otool -L libcoolstuff.dylib 
libcoolstuff.dylib:
    libcoolstuff.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.0.6)
    /usr/lib/libgcc_s.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.0.0)
    /usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 111.1.7)

最后，您将按预期使用它：

export CFLAGS="-NDEBUG -g2 -O2 -Wall -arch ppc -arch ppc64"
make
...

OS X上的“ld：未知选项：-soname”

3 个答案: