我正在尝试使用Swift 4的新JSON解码来解析远程服务器上的JSON。 JSON模式包含枚举值,其中一些我实际上并不需要我的目的,我想忽略。另外,我还希望足够强大,以便在JSON架构发生变化时,我仍然能够尽可能多地读取数据。
问题在于,当我尝试解析包含枚举的任何数组时,除非每个枚举值与我的枚举文字完全匹配,否则解码器会抛出异常而不是跳过它无法解析的数据。
这是一个简单的例子:
enum Size: String, Codable {
case large = "large"
case small = "small"
}
enum Label: String, Codable {
case kitchen = "kitchen"
case bedroom = "bedroom"
case livingRoom = "living room"
}
struct Box: Codable {
var contents: String
var size: Size
var labels: [Label]
}
当我解析完全符合我的Size枚举的数据时,我得到了预期的结果:
let goodJson = """
[
{
"contents": "pillows",
"size": "large",
"labels": [
"bedroom"
]
},
{
"contents": "books",
"size": "small",
"labels": [
"bedroom",
"living room"
]
}
]
""".data(using: .utf8)!
let goodBoxes = try? JSONDecoder().decode([Box?].self, from: goodJson)
// returns [{{contents "pillows", large, [bedroom]}},{{contents "books", small, [bedroom, livingRoom]}}]
但是,如果有不符合枚举的内容,解码器会抛出异常,我什么也得不回。
let badJson = """
[
{
"contents": "pillows",
"size": "large",
"labels": [
"bedroom"
]
},
{
"contents": "books",
"size": "small",
"labels": [
"bedroom",
"living room",
"office"
]
},
{
"contents": "toys",
"size": "medium",
"labels": [
"bedroom"
]
}
]
""".data(using: .utf8)!
let badBoxes = try? JSONDecoder().decode([Box?].self, from: badJson) // returns nil
理想情况下,在这种情况下,我想取回尺寸符合“小”或“大”的2个物品,第二个物品伤口有2个有效标签,“卧室”和“客厅”。 / p>
如果我为Box实现自己的init(来自:解码器),我可以自己解码标签并丢弃任何不符合我的枚举的标签。但是,我无法弄清楚如何解码[Box]类型以忽略无效的框而不实现我自己的解码器并自己解析JSON,这违背了使用Codable的目的。
有什么想法吗?
答案 0 :(得分:0)
我承认这不是最漂亮的解决方案,但它是我想出来的,我想我会分享。我在Array上创建了一个扩展,允许这样做。最大的问题是你必须再次解码然后编码JSON数据。
extension Array where Element: Codable {
public static func decode(_ json: Data) throws -> [Element] {
let jsonDecoder = JSONDecoder()
var decodedElements: [Element] = []
if let jsonObject = (try? JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: json, options: [])) as? Array<Any> {
for json in jsonObject {
if let data = try? JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: json, options: []), let element = (try? jsonDecoder.decode(Element.self, from: data)) {
decodedElements.append(element)
}
}
}
return decodedElements
}
}
您可以将此扩展程序与符合Codable
的任何内容一起使用,并解决您的问题。
[Box].decode(json)
很遗憾,我不知道如何解决标签不正确的问题,您必须按照说法进行操作并覆盖init(from: Decoder)
以确保标签有效。
答案 1 :(得分:0)
有点痛苦,但是您可以自己编写解码。
import Foundation
enum Size: String, Codable {
case large = "large"
case small = "small"
}
enum Label: String, Codable {
case kitchen = "kitchen"
case bedroom = "bedroom"
case livingRoom = "living room"
}
struct Box: Codable {
var contents: String = ""
var size: Size = .small
var labels: [Label] = []
init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
guard let container = try? decoder.container(keyedBy: CodingKeys.self) else {
return
}
contents = try container.decode(String.self, forKey: .contents)
let rawSize = try container.decode(Size.RawValue.self, forKey: .size)
size = Size(rawValue: rawSize) ?? .small
var labelsContainer = try container.nestedUnkeyedContainer(forKey: .labels)
while !labelsContainer.isAtEnd {
let rawLabel = try labelsContainer.decode(Label.RawValue.self)
if let label = Label(rawValue: rawLabel) {
labels.append(label)
}
}
}
}
extension Box: CustomStringConvertible {
var description: String {
let encoder = JSONEncoder()
encoder.outputFormatting = .prettyPrinted
do {
let data = try encoder.encode(self)
if let jsonString = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) {
return jsonString
}
} catch {
return ""
}
return ""
}
}
let badJson = """
[
{
"contents": "pillows",
"size": "large",
"labels": [
"bedroom"
]
},
{
"contents": "books",
"size": "small",
"labels": [
"bedroom",
"living room",
"office"
]
},
{
"contents": "toys",
"size": "medium",
"labels": [
"bedroom"
]
}
]
""".data(using: .utf8)!
do {
let badBoxes = try JSONDecoder().decode([Box].self, from: badJson)
print(badBoxes)
} catch {
print(error)
}
输出:
[{
"labels" : [
"bedroom"
],
"size" : "large",
"contents" : "pillows"
}, {
"labels" : [
"bedroom",
"living room"
],
"size" : "small",
"contents" : "books"
}, {
"labels" : [
"bedroom"
],
"size" : "small",
"contents" : "toys"
}]