Gherkin嵌套步骤意义

时间:2017-08-13 05:23:56

标签: cucumber rest-assured gherkin cucumber-java

我正在我的项目中编写Gherkin测试用例和Java步骤定义。我是Gherkin的新手,并试图理解嵌套步骤的含义。你能否帮我理解第二种方案是否涉及嵌套步骤?

在我的示例中,我想在给定语句逻辑的第二个场景中重用第一个场景代码。有没有最好的方法来重用或重写逻辑? 注意:以下示例仅用于解释我的问题。它可能不是一个好的小黄瓜。

Background:
    Given The application is opened

Scenario: Successful Login
    Given the user name and password are entered
    When login button is clicked
    Then user login is successful

Scenario: Add Address Successful
    Given user login is successful
    And Add Address button is clicked
    And user city, country are entered
    when Submit button is clicked

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

嵌套步骤指的是在“main”中调用已定义的步骤。在您的示例中,第一个方案具有登录功能,该功能将/可以在需要用户登录的所有其他方案中使用。

因此,第二个场景将有Given步骤,该步骤调用第一个场景的登录操作/步骤。有多种方法可以做到这一点:

1。如果您在同一个类中定义这些步骤,只需在不同的步骤/方法中调用相同的方法。

像这样:

public class TestStepsOne {

    // Steps from first scenario

    @Given("^the user name and password are entered$")
    public void enterUsernamePassword() throws Throwable {
        System.out.println("User and password entered");
    }

    @When("^login button is clicked$")
    public void clickLoginButton() throws Throwable {
        System.out.println("Clicked login button");
    }

    @Then("^user login is successful$")
    public void isLoggedIn() throws Throwable {
        System.out.println("Logged in!");
    }

    // All together

    @Given("the user is logged in")
    public void loginSuccessfully() throws Throwable {
        enterUsernamePassword();
        clickLoginButton();
        isLoggedIn();
    }
}

现在,您可以在任何方案中使用Given the user is logged in,它将执行登录操作。

<强> 2。使用Picocontainer - &gt;详情here

首先,您需要将这些依赖项添加到 pom.xml

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.picocontainer</groupId>
    <artifactId>picocontainer</artifactId>
    <version>2.15</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
    <artifactId>cucumber-picocontainer</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.5</version>
</dependency>

您可以分隔步骤定义。

像这样:

public class TestStepsOne {

    // Same as above, without the nested one

}

和第二课:

public class TestStepsTwo {
    private final TestStepsOne testStepsOne;

    public TestStepsTwo(TestStepsOne testStepsOne) {
        this.testStepsOne = testStepsOne;
    }

    @Given("the user is logged in")
    public void loginSuccessfully() throws Throwable {
        testStepsOne.enterUsernamePassword();
        testStepsOne.clickLoginButton();
        testStepsOne.isLoggedIn();
    }
}

第3。使用 cuke4duke - &gt;详情here,包含示例

像这样:

public class CallingSteps extends Steps {
    public CallingSteps(StepMother stepMother) {
        super(stepMother);
    }

    @When("^I call another step$")
    public void iCallAnotherStep() {
        Given("the user is logged in"); // This will call a step defined somewhere else.
    }
}

希望这有帮助