我试图在tkinter中创建一个菜单，其中会有不同的条件。其中一个将是日期选择。现在您需要手动输入日期。我想制作一个日历。我想使用答案to this question和有链接的代码。但我不知道如何在我的代码中使用它。
以下是我的菜单代码：
import numpy as np
items5 = np.arange(1,14)
items6 = np.arange(1, 28)
items7 = np.arange(4, 28)
choose_y_n = ['yes', 'no']
items12 = np.arange(50, 100)
items13 = np.arange(0,15)
from tkinter import*
class MyOptionMenu(OptionMenu):
def __init__(self, master, status, *options):
self.var = StringVar(master)
self.var.set(status)
OptionMenu.__init__(self, master, self.var, *options)
self.config(font=('Arial',(10)),bg='white',width=20)
self['menu'].config(font=('Arial',(10)),bg='white')
root = Tk()
optionList5 = items5
optionList6 = items6
optionList7 = items7
optionList8 = choose_y_n
optionList12 = items12
optionList13 = items13
lab = Label(root, text="Enter the date in the format 'dd.mm.yyyy'", font="Arial 10", anchor='w')
ent1 = Entry(root,width=20,bd=3)
lab5 = Label(root, text="condition №1", font="Arial 10", anchor='w')
mymenu5 = MyOptionMenu(root, '2', *optionList5)
lab6 = Label(root, text="condition №2", font="Arial 10", anchor='w')
mymenu6 = MyOptionMenu(root, '12', *optionList6)
lab7 = Label(root, text="condition №3", font="Arial 10", anchor='w')
mymenu7 = MyOptionMenu(root, '13', *optionList7)
lab8 = Label(root, text="condition №4", font="Arial 10", anchor='w')
mymenu8 = MyOptionMenu(root, 'yes', *optionList8)
lab12 = Label(root, text="condition №5", font="Arial 10", anchor='w')
mymenu12 = MyOptionMenu(root, '80', *optionList12)
lab13 = Label(root, text="condition №6", font="Arial 10", anchor='w')
mymenu13 = MyOptionMenu(root, '9', *optionList13)
labels = [lab, lab5, lab6, lab7, lab8, lab12, lab13]
mymenus = [ent1, mymenu5, mymenu6, mymenu7, mymenu8, mymenu12, mymenu13]
def save_selected_values():
global values1
values1 = [ent1.get(), mymenu5.var.get(), mymenu6.var.get(), mymenu7.var.get(), mymenu8.var.get(),
mymenu12.var.get(), mymenu13.var.get()]
print(values1)
def close_window():
root.destroy()
button = Button(root, text="Ok", command=save_selected_values)
button1 = Button(root, text="Quit", command=close_window)
for index, (lab, mymenu) in enumerate(zip(labels, mymenus)):
lab.grid(row=index, column=0)
mymenu.grid(row=index, column=1)
button.grid(row=index, column=2)
button1.grid(row=index, column=3)
root.mainloop()
对我来说，将日期保存在变量中非常重要。
我将非常感谢任何建议！
UPD
我的新代码如下。
似乎我的代码根本没有保存日期。
我只是不明白如何将日期作为变量。我做错了什么？
import numpy as np
items5 = np.arange(1,14)
items6 = np.arange(1, 28)
items7 = np.arange(4, 28)
choose_y_n = ['yes', 'no']
items12 = np.arange(50, 100)
items13 = np.arange(0,15)
from tkinter import*
import tkinter.font as tkFont
from tkinter import ttk
def get_calendar(locale, fwday):
# instantiate proper calendar class
if locale is None:
return calendar.TextCalendar(fwday)
else:
return calendar.LocaleTextCalendar(fwday, locale)
class Calendar(ttk.Frame):
# XXX ToDo: cget and configure
datetime = calendar.datetime.datetime
timedelta = calendar.datetime.timedelta
def __init__(self, master=None, **kw):
"""
WIDGET-SPECIFIC OPTIONS
locale, firstweekday, year, month, selectbackground,
selectforeground
"""
# remove custom options from kw before initializating ttk.Frame
fwday = kw.pop('firstweekday', calendar.MONDAY)
year = kw.pop('year', self.datetime.now().year)
month = kw.pop('month', self.datetime.now().month)
locale = kw.pop('locale', None)
sel_bg = kw.pop('selectbackground', '#ecffc4')
sel_fg = kw.pop('selectforeground', '#05640e')
self._date = self.datetime(year, month, 1)
self._selection = None # no date selected
ttk.Frame.__init__(self, master, **kw)
self._cal = get_calendar(locale, fwday)
self.__setup_styles() # creates custom styles
self.__place_widgets() # pack/grid used widgets
self.__config_calendar() # adjust calendar columns and setup tags
# configure a canvas, and proper bindings, for selecting dates
self.__setup_selection(sel_bg, sel_fg)
# store items ids, used for insertion later
self._items = [self._calendar.insert('', 'end', values='')
for _ in range(6)]
# insert dates in the currently empty calendar
self._build_calendar()
# set the minimal size for the widget
self._calendar.bind('<Map>', self.__minsize)
def __setitem__(self, item, value):
if item in ('year', 'month'):
raise AttributeError("attribute '%s' is not writeable" % item)
elif item == 'selectbackground':
self._canvas['background'] = value
elif item == 'selectforeground':
self._canvas.itemconfigure(self._canvas.text, item=value)
else:
ttk.Frame.__setitem__(self, item, value)
def __getitem__(self, item):
if item in ('year', 'month'):
return getattr(self._date, item)
elif item == 'selectbackground':
return self._canvas['background']
elif item == 'selectforeground':
return self._canvas.itemcget(self._canvas.text, 'fill')
else:
r = ttk.tclobjs_to_py({item: ttk.Frame.__getitem__(self, item)})
return r[item]
def __setup_styles(self):
# custom ttk styles
style = ttk.Style(self.master)
arrow_layout = lambda dir: (
[('Button.focus', {'children': [('Button.%sarrow' % dir, None)]})]
)
style.layout('L.TButton', arrow_layout('left'))
style.layout('R.TButton', arrow_layout('right'))
def __place_widgets(self):
# header frame and its widgets
hframe = ttk.Frame(self)
lbtn = ttk.Button(hframe, style='L.TButton', command=self._prev_month)
rbtn = ttk.Button(hframe, style='R.TButton', command=self._next_month)
self._header = ttk.Label(hframe, width=15, anchor='center')
# the calendar
self._calendar = ttk.Treeview(show='', selectmode='none', height=7)
# pack the widgets
hframe.pack(in_=self, side='top', pady=4, anchor='center')
lbtn.grid(in_=hframe)
self._header.grid(in_=hframe, column=1, row=0, padx=12)
rbtn.grid(in_=hframe, column=2, row=0)
self._calendar.pack(in_=self, expand=1, fill='both', side='bottom')
def __config_calendar(self):
cols = self._cal.formatweekheader(3).split()
self._calendar['columns'] = cols
self._calendar.tag_configure('header', background='grey90')
self._calendar.insert('', 'end', values=cols, tag='header')
# adjust its columns width
font = tkFont.Font()
maxwidth = max(font.measure(col) for col in cols)
for col in cols:
self._calendar.column(col, width=maxwidth, minwidth=maxwidth,
anchor='e')
def __setup_selection(self, sel_bg, sel_fg):
self._font = tkFont.Font()
self._canvas = canvas = tkinter.Canvas(self._calendar,
background=sel_bg, borderwidth=0, highlightthickness=0)
canvas.text = canvas.create_text(0, 0, fill=sel_fg, anchor='w')
canvas.bind('<ButtonPress-1>', lambda evt: canvas.place_forget())
self._calendar.bind('<Configure>', lambda evt: canvas.place_forget())
self._calendar.bind('<ButtonPress-1>', self._pressed)
def __minsize(self, evt):
width, height = self._calendar.master.geometry().split('x')
height = height[:height.index('+')]
self._calendar.master.minsize(width, height)
def _build_calendar(self):
year, month = self._date.year, self._date.month
# update header text (Month, YEAR)
header = self._cal.formatmonthname(year, month, 0)
self._header['text'] = header.title()
# update calendar shown dates
cal = self._cal.monthdayscalendar(year, month)
for indx, item in enumerate(self._items):
week = cal[indx] if indx < len(cal) else []
fmt_week = [('%02d' % day) if day else '' for day in week]
self._calendar.item(item, values=fmt_week)
def _show_selection(self, text, bbox):
"""Configure canvas for a new selection."""
x, y, width, height = bbox
textw = self._font.measure(text)
canvas = self._canvas
canvas.configure(width=width, height=height)
canvas.coords(canvas.text, width - textw, height / 2 - 1)
canvas.itemconfigure(canvas.text, text=text)
canvas.place(in_=self._calendar, x=x, y=y)
# Callbacks
def _pressed(self, evt):
"""Clicked somewhere in the calendar."""
x, y, widget = evt.x, evt.y, evt.widget
item = widget.identify_row(y)
column = widget.identify_column(x)
self.event_generate("<<CalendarChanged>>")
if not column or not item in self._items:
# clicked in the weekdays row or just outside the columns
return
item_values = widget.item(item)['values']
if not len(item_values): # row is empty for this month
return
text = item_values[int(column[1]) - 1]
if not text: # date is empty
return
bbox = widget.bbox(item, column)
if not bbox: # calendar not visible yet
return
# update and then show selection
text = '%02d' % text
self._selection = (text, item, column)
self._show_selection(text, bbox)
def _prev_month(self):
"""Updated calendar to show the previous month."""
self._canvas.place_forget()
self._date = self._date - self.timedelta(days=1)
self._date = self.datetime(self._date.year, self._date.month, 1)
self._build_calendar() # reconstuct calendar
def _next_month(self):
"""Update calendar to show the next month."""
self._canvas.place_forget()
year, month = self._date.year, self._date.month
self._date = self._date + self.timedelta(
days=calendar.monthrange(year, month)[1] + 1)
self._date = self.datetime(self._date.year, self._date.month, 1)
self._build_calendar() # reconstruct calendar
# Properties
@property
def selection(self):
"""Return a datetime representing the current selected date."""
if not self._selection:
return None
year, month = self._date.year, self._date.month
return self.datetime(year, month, int(self._selection[0]))
class MyOptionMenu(OptionMenu):
def __init__(self, master, status, *options):
self.var = StringVar(master)
self.var.set(status)
OptionMenu.__init__(self, master, self.var, *options)
self.config(font=('Arial',(10)),bg='white',width=20)
self['menu'].config(font=('Arial',(10)),bg='white')
root = Tk()
optionList5 = items5
optionList6 = items6
optionList7 = items7
optionList8 = choose_y_n
optionList12 = items12
optionList13 = items13
lab = Label(root, text="Select date", font="Arial 10", anchor='w')
ent1 = Calendar(firstweekday=calendar.SUNDAY)
lab5 = Label(root, text="condition №1", font="Arial 10", anchor='w')
mymenu5 = MyOptionMenu(root, '2', *optionList5)
lab6 = Label(root, text="condition №2", font="Arial 10", anchor='w')
mymenu6 = MyOptionMenu(root, '12', *optionList6)
lab7 = Label(root, text="condition №3", font="Arial 10", anchor='w')
mymenu7 = MyOptionMenu(root, '13', *optionList7)
lab8 = Label(root, text="condition №4", font="Arial 10", anchor='w')
mymenu8 = MyOptionMenu(root, 'yes', *optionList8)
lab12 = Label(root, text="condition №5", font="Arial 10", anchor='w')
mymenu12 = MyOptionMenu(root, '80', *optionList12)
lab13 = Label(root, text="condition №6", font="Arial 10", anchor='w')
mymenu13 = MyOptionMenu(root, '9', *optionList13)
labels = [lab, lab5, lab6, lab7, lab8, lab12, lab13]
mymenus = [ent1, mymenu5, mymenu6, mymenu7, mymenu8, mymenu12, mymenu13]
def save_selected_values():
global values1
values1 = [ent1, mymenu5.var.get(), mymenu6.var.get(), mymenu7.var.get(), mymenu8.var.get(),
mymenu12.var.get(), mymenu13.var.get()]
print(values1)
def on_calendar_changed(event):
date = cal.selection
datestr = "{:%d.%m.%Y}".format(date)
print(datestr)
dateVar.set(datestr)
def close_window():
root.destroy()
button = Button(root, text="Ok", command=save_selected_values)
button1 = Button(root, text="Quit", command=close_window)
for index, (lab, mymenu) in enumerate(zip(labels, mymenus)):
lab.grid(row=index, column=0)
mymenu.grid(row=index, column=1)
button.grid(row=index, column=2)
button1.grid(row=index, column=3)
root.mainloop()
答案 0 :(得分：1)
我认为ttkcalendar.py需要一些帮助。您希望在日历窗口小部件选择了新日期时执行操作，为此，您应该绑定到事件。但是它现在没有生成任何内容，因此在_pressed方法结束时添加以下行以生成可绑定到的虚拟事件：
self.event_generate("<<CalendarChanged>>")
然后，您可以将此小部件添加到UI并将函数绑定到此CalendarChanged虚拟事件，如下所示：
def on_calendar_changed(event):
date = cal.selection
datestr = "{:%d.%m.%Y}".format(date)
print(datestr)
dateVar.set(datestr)
cal.bind("<<CalendarChanged>>", on_calendar_changed)
在这里，我将名为dateVar的StringVar设置为ent1小部件的textvariable。现在，当日历选择发生变化时，它会将格式正确的字符串放入您的条目小部件中。
您最好从OptionMenu小部件转换为ttk.Combobox小部件，并且通常使用ttk小部件而不是旧的Tk小部件。