所以我有一个在本地部署时工作正常的应用程序，当我将它部署到我的服务器时会抛出以下错误：
SEVERE: Exception fixing docBase for context [/app]
java.io.FileNotFoundException: /var/lib/tomcat7/webapps/app/WEB-INF (Is a directory)
at java.io.FileOutputStream.open(Native Method)
at java.io.FileOutputStream.<init>(FileOutputStream.java:221)
at java.io.FileOutputStream.<init>(FileOutputStream.java:171)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ExpandWar.expand(ExpandWar.java:409)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ExpandWar.expand(ExpandWar.java:144)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.fixDocBase(ContextConfig.java:735)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.beforeStart(ContextConfig.java:863)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:388)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:117)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:90)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.setStateInternal(LifecycleBase.java:402)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:147)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:901)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:877)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:649)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWAR(HostConfig.java:1083)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployWar.run(HostConfig.java:1879)
at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:473)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:262)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Aug 02, 2017 11:01:51 AM org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader validateJarFile
INFO: validateJarFile(/var/lib/tomcat7/work/Catalina/localhost/app/WEB-INF/lib/el-api-2.1.2-b03.jar) - jar not loaded. See Servlet Spec 3.0, section 10.7.2. Offending class: javax/el/Expression.class
Aug 02, 2017 11:01:51 AM org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader validateJarFile
INFO: validateJarFile(/var/lib/tomcat7/work/Catalina/localhost/app/WEB-INF/lib/javax.el-api-2.2.4.jar) - jar not loaded. See Servlet Spec 3.0, section 10.7.2. Offending class: javax/el/Expression.class
Aug 02, 2017 11:01:51 AM org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader validateJarFile
INFO: validateJarFile(/var/lib/tomcat7/work/Catalina/localhost/app/WEB-INF/lib/tomcat-embed-core-8.5.15.jar) - jar not loaded. See Servlet Spec 3.0, section 10.7.2. Offending class: javax/servlet/Servlet.class
Aug 02, 2017 11:01:51 AM org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader validateJarFile
INFO: validateJarFile(/var/lib/tomcat7/work/Catalina/localhost/app/WEB-INF/lib/tomcat-embed-el-8.5.15.jar) - jar not loaded. See Servlet Spec 3.0, section 10.7.2. Offending class: javax/el/Expression.class
Aug 02, 2017 11:02:01 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig processAnnotationsJar
SEVERE: Unable to process Jar entry [net/sf/ehcache/Cache.class] from Jar [jar:jndi:/localhost/app/WEB-INF/lib/ehcache-2.10.4.jar!/] for annotations
java.io.EOFException
at org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.classfile.FastDataInputStream.readInt(FastDataInputStream.java:145)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.classfile.Utility.swallowAttribute(Utility.java:86)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.classfile.Utility.swallowFieldOrMethod(Utility.java:77)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.classfile.ClassParser.readMethods(ClassParser.java:235)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.classfile.ClassParser.parse(ClassParser.java:92)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotationsStream(ContextConfig.java:2071)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotationsJar(ContextConfig.java:1947)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotationsUrl(ContextConfig.java:1913)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotations(ContextConfig.java:1898)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.webConfig(ContextConfig.java:1330)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:889)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:386)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:117)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:90)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5413)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:901)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:877)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:649)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWAR(HostConfig.java:1083)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployWar.run(HostConfig.java:1879)
at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:473)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:262)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Aug 02, 2017 11:02:15 AM org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase addChildInternal
SEVERE: ContainerBase.addChild: start:
org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/app]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:901)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:877)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:649)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWAR(HostConfig.java:1083)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployWar.run(HostConfig.java:1879)
at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:473)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:262)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: org.apache.tomcat.util.res.StringManager.getManager(Ljava/lang/Class;)Lorg/apache/tomcat/util/res/StringManager;
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.WsWebSocketContainer.<clinit>(WsWebSocketContainer.java:78)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsSci.init(WsSci.java:131)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsSci.onStartup(WsSci.java:47)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5514)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
... 10 more
我不太确定这个问题是什么，它显然在进一步抱怨ehcache - 这些是我的依赖：
compile "org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-logging"
compile "org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-autoconfigure"
compile "org.grails:grails-core"
compile "org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-actuator"
compile "org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-tomcat"
compile "org.grails:grails-web-boot"
compile "org.grails:grails-logging"
compile "org.grails:grails-plugin-rest"
compile "org.grails:grails-plugin-databinding"
compile "org.grails:grails-plugin-i18n"
compile "org.grails:grails-plugin-services"
compile "org.grails:grails-plugin-url-mappings"
compile "org.grails:grails-plugin-interceptors"
compile "org.grails.plugins:cache"
compile "org.grails.plugins:async"
compile "org.grails.plugins:scaffolding"
compile "org.grails.plugins:events"
compile "org.grails.plugins:hibernate5"
compile "org.hibernate:hibernate-core:5.1.5.Final"
compile "org.grails.plugins:gsp"
console "org.grails:grails-console"
profile "org.grails.profiles:web"
runtime "org.glassfish.web:el-impl:2.1.2-b03"
runtime "com.h2database:h2"
runtime "org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-jdbc"
runtime "com.bertramlabs.plugins:asset-pipeline-grails:2.14.2"
testCompile "org.grails:grails-gorm-testing-support"
testCompile "org.grails.plugins:geb"
testCompile "org.grails:grails-web-testing-support"
testRuntime "org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-htmlunit-driver:2.47.1"
testRuntime "net.sourceforge.htmlunit:htmlunit:2.18"
// Custom Dependencies
// Users and roles
compile 'org.grails.plugins:spring-security-core:3.2.0.M1'
// Recaptcha
compile "org.grails.plugins:recaptcha:3.0.1"
// Database
runtime 'postgresql:postgresql:9.0-801.jdbc4'
// Google Viz
compile "org.grails.plugins:grails-google-visualization:2.0"
// for doing reports.
compile "org.grails.plugins:export:2.0.0"
我发现org.grails.plugins:spring-security-core:3.2.0.M1正在加载ehcache
但我认为主要的问题是在WEB_INF上抛出的文件未找到异常（可以看到是一个目录..）
我的grails版本是3.3.0 我的gradle版本是3.5
非常感谢任何帮助！