如何按修改日期列出Amazon S3的内容?

时间:2017-08-01 05:25:05

标签: amazon-web-services amazon-s3 aws-cli

大多数情况下,我们在一个普通的S3存储桶中加载文件,因此很难弄清楚其中的数据。

如何查看在特定日期上传的对象?

8 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:10)

一种解决方案可能会使用s3api。如果你的对象少于1000个,它很容易使用,否则你需要使用分页。

s3api可列出所有对象,并具有s3中导入的键的lastmodified属性的属性。然后可以对其进行排序,在日期之后或之前查找文件,匹配日期......

运行此类选项的示例

  1. 给定日期的所有文件

    DATE=$(date +%Y-%m-%d)
    aws s3api list-objects-v2 --bucket test-bucket-fh --query 'Contents[?contains(LastModified, `$DATE`)]'
    
  2. 某个日期之后的所有文件

    export YESTERDAY=`date -v-1w +%F`
    aws s3api list-objects-v2 --bucket test-bucket-fh --query 'Contents[?LastModified > `$YESTERDAY`)]'
    
  3. s3api将返回few metadata,以便您可以过滤特定元素

    DATE=$(date +%Y-%m-%d)
    aws s3api list-objects-v2 --bucket test-bucket-fh --query 'Contents[?contains(LastModified, `$DATE`)].Key'
    

答案 1 :(得分:6)

在linux中执行此操作的简单方法如下:

DATE=$(date +%Y-%m-%d)
aws s3 ls s3://<your s3 path here>/ | grep $DATE

答案 2 :(得分:3)

在给定日期搜索

aws s3api list-objects-v2 --bucket BUCKET_NAME --query 'Contents[?contains(LastModified, `YYYY-MM-DD`)].Key'

从特定日期搜索到今天

aws s3api list-objects-v2 --bucket BUCKET_NAME  --query 'Contents[?LastModified>=`YYYY-MM-DD`].Key'

您可以选择从查询末尾删除.Key,以获取s3对象中的所有元数据字段

答案 3 :(得分:2)

这不是一般的解决方案,但是在根据日期命名对象(例如CloudTrail日志)时会很有用。例如,我想要一个在2019年6月创建的对象的列表。

aws s3api list-objects-v2 --bucket bucketname --prefix path/2019-06

我相信这会在服务器端进行过滤。使用“查询”参数的缺点是它会下载大量数据以在客户端进行过滤。这意味着可能需要花费大量金钱进行大量API调用,并且您需要付费从AWS流出额外的数据。

答案 4 :(得分:1)

以下命令在Linux中有效。

aws s3 ls --recursive s3:// <your s3 path here> | awk '$1 > "2018-10-13 00:00:00" {print $0}' | sort -n

我希望这会有所帮助!

答案 5 :(得分:1)

如果为存储桶启用了版本控制,并且您要在特定日期之后还原最新的已删除对象,则此命令为:

$ aws s3api list-object-versions --bucket mybucket --prefix myprefix/ --output json --query 'DeleteMarkers[?LastModified>=`2020-07-07T00:00:00` && IsLatest==`true`].[Key,VersionId]' | jq -r '.[] |  "--key '\''" + .[0] +  "'\'' --version-id " + .[1]' |xargs -L1 aws s3api delete-object --bucket mybucket

这意味着您已经安装了aws cli(我使用的是2.0.30版)和jq


如果要确保在删除之前一切正常,只需在echo之前使用aws

$ aws s3api list-object-versions --bucket mybucket --prefix myprefix/ --output json --query 'DeleteMarkers[?LastModified>=`2020-07-07T00:00:00` && IsLatest==`true`].[Key,VersionId]' | jq -r '.[] |  "--key '\''" + .[0] +  "'\'' --version-id " + .[1]' |xargs -L1 echo aws s3api delete-object --bucket mybucket > files.txt

请注意,由于echo的原因,引号将无法正确应用,并且没有引号的情况下将保存在文件中。如果路径中没有空格,那没关系。 您可以检查该文件,如果一切正常,请按以下方式运行:

$ cat files.txt | bash

答案 6 :(得分:0)

以防将来对任何人有帮助,这是一个python程序,可让您按一组前缀,后缀和/或上次修改日期进行过滤。请注意,您需要正确设置AWS凭证才能使用boto3。 请注意,这支持包含超过1000个密钥的前缀。

用法:

python save_keys_to_file.py -b 'bucket_name' -p some/prefix -s '.txt' '.TXT' -f '/Path/To/Some/File/test_keys.txt' -n '2018-1-1' -x '2018-2-1'

代码文件名: save_keys_to_file.py

import argparse
import boto3
import dateutil.parser
import logging
import pytz
from collections import namedtuple

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


Rule = namedtuple('Rule', ['has_min', 'has_max'])
last_modified_rules = {
    Rule(has_min=True, has_max=True):
        lambda min_date, date, max_date: min_date <= date <= max_date,
    Rule(has_min=True, has_max=False):
        lambda min_date, date, max_date: min_date <= date,
    Rule(has_min=False, has_max=True):
        lambda min_date, date, max_date: date <= max_date,
    Rule(has_min=False, has_max=False):
        lambda min_date, date, max_date: True,
}


def get_s3_objects(bucket, prefixes=None, suffixes=None, last_modified_min=None, last_modified_max=None):
    """
    Generate the objects in an S3 bucket. Adapted from:
    https://alexwlchan.net/2017/07/listing-s3-keys/

    :param bucket: Name of the S3 bucket.
    :ptype bucket: str
    :param prefixes: Only fetch keys that start with these prefixes (optional).
    :ptype prefixes: tuple
    :param suffixes: Only fetch keys that end with thes suffixes (optional).
    :ptype suffixes: tuple
    :param last_modified_min: Only yield objects with LastModified dates greater than this value (optional).
    :ptype last_modified_min: datetime.date
    :param last_modified_max: Only yield objects with LastModified dates greater than this value (optional).
    :ptype last_modified_max: datetime.date

    :returns: generator of dictionary objects
    :rtype: dict https://boto3.amazonaws.com/v1/documentation/api/latest/reference/services/s3.html#S3.Client.list_objects
    """
    if last_modified_min and last_modified_max and last_modified_max < last_modified_min:
        raise ValueError(
            "When using both, last_modified_max: {} must be greater than last_modified_min: {}".format(
                last_modified_max, last_modified_min
            )
        )
    # Use the last_modified_rules dict to lookup which conditional logic to apply
    # based on which arguments were supplied
    last_modified_rule = last_modified_rules[bool(last_modified_min), bool(last_modified_max)]

    if not prefixes:
        prefixes = ('',)
    else:
        prefixes = tuple(set(prefixes))
    if not suffixes:
        suffixes = ('',)
    else:
        suffixes = tuple(set(suffixes))

    s3 = boto3.client('s3')
    kwargs = {'Bucket': bucket}

    for prefix in prefixes:
        kwargs['Prefix'] = prefix
        while True:
            # The S3 API response is a large blob of metadata.
            # 'Contents' contains information about the listed objects.
            resp = s3.list_objects_v2(**kwargs)
            for content in resp.get('Contents', []):
                last_modified_date = content['LastModified']
                if (
                    content['Key'].endswith(suffixes) and
                    last_modified_rule(last_modified_min, last_modified_date, last_modified_max)
                ):
                    yield content

            # The S3 API is paginated, returning up to 1000 keys at a time.
            # Pass the continuation token into the next response, until we
            # reach the final page (when this field is missing).
            try:
                kwargs['ContinuationToken'] = resp['NextContinuationToken']
            except KeyError:
                break


def get_s3_keys(bucket, prefixes=None, suffixes=None, last_modified_min=None, last_modified_max=None):
    """
    Generate the keys in an S3 bucket.

    :param bucket: Name of the S3 bucket.
    :ptype bucket: str
    :param prefixes: Only fetch keys that start with these prefixes (optional).
    :ptype prefixes: tuple
    :param suffixes: Only fetch keys that end with thes suffixes (optional).
    :ptype suffixes: tuple
    :param last_modified_min: Only yield objects with LastModified dates greater than this value (optional).
    :ptype last_modified_min: datetime.date
    :param last_modified_max: Only yield objects with LastModified dates greater than this value (optional).
    :ptype last_modified_max: datetime.date
    """
    for obj in get_s3_objects(bucket, prefixes, suffixes, last_modified_min, last_modified_max):
        yield obj['Key']


def valid_datetime(date):
    if date is None:
        return date
    try:
        utc = pytz.UTC
        return utc.localize(dateutil.parser.parse(date))
    except Exception:
        raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError("Could not parse value: '{}' to type datetime".format(date))


def main():
    FORMAT = '%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s'
    logging.basicConfig(format=FORMAT)
    logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)

    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='List keys in S3 bucket for prefix')
    parser.add_argument('-b', '--bucket', help='S3 Bucket')
    parser.add_argument('-p', '--prefixes', nargs='+', help='Filter s3 keys by a set of prefixes')
    parser.add_argument('-s', '--suffixes', nargs='*', help='Filter s3 keys by a set of suffixes')
    parser.add_argument('-n', '--last_modified_min', default=None, type=valid_datetime, help='Filter s3 content by minimum last modified date')
    parser.add_argument('-x', '--last_modified_max', default=None, type=valid_datetime, help='Filter s3 content by maximum last modified date')
    parser.add_argument('-f', '--file', help='Optional: file to write keys to.', default=None)

    args = parser.parse_args()
    logger.info(args)
    keys = get_s3_keys(args.bucket, args.prefixes, args.suffixes, args.last_modified_min, args.last_modified_max)

    open_file = open(args.file, 'w') if args.file else None
    try:
        counter = 0
        for key in keys:
            print(key, file=open_file)
            counter += 1
    finally:
        open_file.close()

    logger.info('Retrieved {} keys'.format(counter))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

答案 7 :(得分:0)

顺便说一句,如果您想在日期之间进行搜索,则在Windows上可以使用

aws s3api list-objects-v2 --max-items 10 --bucket "BUCKET" --query "Contents[?LastModified>='2019-10-01 00:00:00'] | [?LastModified<='2019-10-30 00:00:00'].{ Key: Key, Size: Size, LastModified: LastModified }"