我正在尝试向Range
添加初始化程序。
import Foundation
extension Range {
init(_ range: NSRange, in string: String) {
let lower = string.index(string.startIndex, offsetBy: range.location)
let upper = string.index(string.startIndex, offsetBy: NSMaxRange(range))
self.init(uncheckedBounds: (lower: lower, upper: upper))
}
}
但是,最后一行有一个Swift编译器错误。
无法转换类型&#39;(lower:String.Index,upper:String.Index)的值&#39; (又名&#39;(lower:String.CharacterView.Index,upper:String.CharacterView.Index)&#39;)预期参数类型&#39;(lower:_,upper:_)&#39; < / p>
如何编译?
答案 0 :(得分:1)
问题是即使String.Index
符合Comparable
协议,您仍需要指定要使用public struct Range<Bound> where Bound : Comparable {}
的 Range 类型
注意:由于NSString
使用的是UTF-16,请检查this以及您引用的link中的初始代码对于包含多个UTF-16代码点的字符无法正常工作。以下是Swift 3的更新工作版本。
extension Range where Bound == String.Index {
init(_ range: NSRange, in string: String) {
let lower16 = string.utf16.index(string.utf16.startIndex, offsetBy: range.location)
let upper16 = string.utf16.index(string.utf16.startIndex, offsetBy: NSMaxRange(range))
if let lower = lower16.samePosition(in: string),
let upper = upper16.samePosition(in: string) {
self.init(lower..<upper)
} else {
fatalError("init(range:in:) could not be implemented")
}
}
}
let string = "❄️Let it snow! ☃️"
let range1 = NSRange(location: 0, length: 1)
let r1 = Range<String.Index>(range1, in: string) // ❄️
let range2 = NSRange(location: 1, length: 2)
let r2 = Range<String.Index>(range2, in: string) // fatal error: init(range:in:) could not be implemented
回答OP的评论:问题是 NSString对象编码符合Unicode的文本字符串,表示为UTF-16代码单元序列。构成字符串内容的Unicode标量值最长可达21位。较长的标量值可能需要两个UInt16值才能存储。
因此,像❄️这样的字母在NSString中占用两个UInt16值,但在String中只占一个。当您将NSRange参数传递给初始化程序时,您可能希望它在NSString中正常工作。
在我的示例中,将r1
转换为utf16后r2
和string
的结果为'❄️'且为致命错误。同时,原始解决方案的结果分别为“❄️L”和“Le”。希望你能看到差异。
如果您坚持使用解决方案而不转换为utf16,您可以查看the Swift source code来做出决定。在Swift 4中,您将初始化程序作为内置库。代码如下。
extension Range where Bound == String.Index {
public init?(_ range: NSRange, in string: String) {
let u = string.utf16
guard range.location != NSNotFound,
let start = u.index(u.startIndex, offsetBy: range.location, limitedBy: u.endIndex),
let end = u.index(u.startIndex, offsetBy: range.location + range.length, limitedBy: u.endIndex),
let lowerBound = String.Index(start, within: string),
let upperBound = String.Index(end, within: string)
else { return nil }
self = lowerBound..<upperBound
}
}
答案 1 :(得分:1)
您需要将范围初始值设定项限制为Bound等于String.Index,获取NSRange utf16索引并在字符串中找到字符串索引的相同位置,如下所示:
extension Range where Bound == String.Index {
init?(_ range: NSRange, in string: String) {
guard
let start = string.utf16.index(string.utf16.startIndex, offsetBy: range.location, limitedBy: string.utf16.endIndex),
let end = string.utf16.index(string.utf16.startIndex, offsetBy: range.location + range.length, limitedBy: string.utf16.endIndex),
let startIndex = start.samePosition(in: string),
let endIndex = end.samePosition(in: string)
else {
return nil
}
self = startIndex..<endIndex
}
}
答案 2 :(得分:0)
该方法的签名需要&#34; Bound&#34;类型(至少在swift 4中)
由于Bound只是一种相关类型的&#34;可比较&#34;和String.Index符合它,你应该只能投射它。
extension Range {
init(_ range: NSRange, in string: String) {
let lower : Bound = string.index(string.startIndex, offsetBy: range.location) as! Bound
let upper : Bound = string.index(string.startIndex, offsetBy: NSMaxRange(range)) as! Bound
self.init(uncheckedBounds: (lower: lower, upper: upper))
}
}
https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swift/rangeexpression/2894257-bound