尝试为我的网站创建一个简单的启动页面来收集电子邮件地址。当用户提交时，它提供以下错误（下面的回溯） - 唯一约束失败--- accounts.user.username。我想也许这与输入的与用户名重叠的电子邮件地址有关，但正如您在我的帐户模型中看到的那样 - 用户名是从电子邮件创建的。 （请注意，整个用户和用户配置文件模型尚未在我的网站中使用，但只是为将来的使用做准备）。任何帮助表示赞赏。感谢
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\crstu\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py", line 149, in get_response
response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)
File "C:\Users\crstu\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py", line 147, in get_response
response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
File "C:\Users\crstu\PycharmProjects\dealmazing\dealmazing\views.py", line 15, in newsletter_signup
instance.save()
File "C:\Users\crstu\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\base_user.py", line 74, in save
super(AbstractBaseUser, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\crstu\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 708, in save
force_update=force_update, update_fields=update_fields)
File "C:\Users\crstu\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 736, in save_base
updated = self._save_table(raw, cls, force_insert, force_update, using, update_fields)
File "C:\Users\crstu\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 820, in _save_table
result = self._do_insert(cls._base_manager, using, fields, update_pk, raw)
File "C:\Users\crstu\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 859, in _do_insert
using=using, raw=raw)
File "C:\Users\crstu\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\manager.py", line 122, in manager_method
return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\crstu\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\query.py", line 1039, in _insert
return query.get_compiler(using=using).execute_sql(return_id)
File "C:\Users\crstu\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\sql\compiler.py", line 1060, in execute_sql
cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "C:\Users\crstu\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 79, in execute
return super(CursorDebugWrapper, self).execute(sql, params)
File "C:\Users\crstu\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 64, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "C:\Users\crstu\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\site-packages\django\db\utils.py", line 95, in __exit__
six.reraise(dj_exc_type, dj_exc_value, traceback)
File "C:\Users\crstu\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\site-packages\django\utils\six.py", line 685, in reraise
raise value.with_traceback(tb)
File "C:\Users\crstu\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 64, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "C:\Users\crstu\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\sqlite3\base.py", line 323, in execute
return Database.Cursor.execute(self, query, params)
django.db.utils.IntegrityError: UNIQUE constraint failed: accounts_user.username
我的帐户应用模型如下：
from django.contrib.auth.models import (
AbstractBaseUser,
BaseUserManager,
PermissionsMixin
)
from django.db import models
from django.utils import timezone
from django.conf import settings
from django.db.models.signals import post_save
import os
def avatar_upload_path(instance, filename):
return os.path.join('avatars', 'user_{0}', '{1}').format(
instance.user.id, filename)
class UserManager(BaseUserManager):
def create_user(self, email, username=None, password=None):
if not email:
raise ValueError("Users must have an email address")
if not username:
username = email.split('@')[0]
user = self.model(
email=self.normalize_email(email),
username=username,
)
user.set_password(password)
user.save()
return user
def create_superuser(self, email, username, password):
user = self.create_user(
email,
username,
password,
)
user.is_staff = True
user.is_superuser = True
user.save()
return user
class User(AbstractBaseUser, PermissionsMixin):
email = models.EmailField(unique=True)
username = models.CharField(max_length=40, unique=True, default='')
date_joined = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now)
is_active = models.BooleanField(default=True)
is_staff = models.BooleanField(default=False)
objects = UserManager()
USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['username']
def __str__(self):
return "@{}".format(self.username)
def get_short_name(self):
return self.username
def get_long_name(self):
return "@{} ({})".format(self.username, self.email)
class UserProfile(models.Model):
user = models.OneToOneField(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL, primary_key=True, related_name='profile')
first_name = models.CharField(max_length=40, default='', blank=True)
last_name = models.CharField(max_length=40, default='', blank=True)
bio = models.TextField(blank=True, default='')
avatar = models.ImageField('Avatar picture',
upload_to=avatar_upload_path,
null=True,
blank=True)
def __str__(self):
return self.user.username
@property
def get_avatar_url(self):
if self.avatar:
return '/media/{}'.format(self.avatar)
return 'http://www.gravatar.com/avatar/{}?s=128&d=identicon'.format(
'94d093eda664addd6e450d7e9881bcad'
)
def create_profile(sender, **kwargs):
if kwargs['created']:
user_profile = UserProfile.objects.create(user=kwargs['instance'])
post_save.connect(create_profile, sender=User)
这里是我收集电子邮件地址的实际时事通讯的视图。请注意我暂时暂时重定向到谷歌作为测试：
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
from newsletters.forms import NewsletterUserSignUpForm
from accounts.models import User
def newsletter_signup(request):
if request.method == "POST":
form = NewsletterUserSignUpForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
instance = form.save(commit=False)
if User.objects.filter(email=instance.email).exists():
print("Sorry this email already exists")
else:
instance.save()
return redirect("http://www.google.com")
else:
form = NewsletterUserSignUpForm()
template = "newsletters/sign_up.html"
return render(request, template, {'form': form})
注册html表单如下：
<div class="col-lg-6 offset-lg-3">
<form method="POST">
{% csrf_token %}
<div class="form-group">
<div class="col-xs-6 col-xs-offset-3">
{{ form.email}}
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="submit">Sign Up!</button>
</div>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
答案 0 :(得分：2)
您的User模型的用户名字段需要unique=True，这是导致问题的原因。现在，您的用户名字段''可能是默认的。由于您已经拥有一个拥有此用户名的用户，因此您无法拥有此字段的其他用户。你应该检查用户是否已经存在于db中，你也必须输入一些用户名，不要使用default with unique = True这是一个非常糟糕的设计并且总是失败。
答案 1 :(得分：2)
因为您使用username = email.split('@')[0]来获取用户的用户名。两个不同的电子邮件可能会为username提供相同的值。例如example@abc.com和example@def.com。您需要做的是找出一些其他算法来设置username，或者一个好主意可以是email用户名。
答案 2 :(得分：0)
在您的帐户应用程序模型中试试这个 user.save(using=self._db)，这可能对您有帮助