假设std::vector
没有value_type
。是否可以编写模板来推导value_type
?或者更一般,给定T<X>
,如何推断X
?
非常天真..
template <template <typename X> T>
void test(T<X> t) {
X x;
}
可能会让任何对模板有所了解的人嘲笑我的愚蠢尝试,并在实例化时如下:
int main() {
std::vector<int> x;
test(x);
}
创建以下错误:
error: expected ‘class’ before ‘T’
template < template<typename X> T>
^
error: ‘X’ was not declared in this scope
void test(T<X> u) {
^
error: template argument 1 is invalid
void test(T<X> u) {
^
In function ‘void test(int)’:
error: ‘X’ was not declared in this scope
X x;
^
error: expected ‘;’ before ‘x’
X x;
^
In function ‘int main()’:
error: no matching function for call to ‘test(std::vector<int>&)’
test(x);
^
note: candidate is:
note: template<template<class X> class T> void test(int)
void test(T<X> u) {
^
note: template argument deduction/substitution failed:
note: cannot convert ‘x’ (type ‘std::vector<int>’) to type ‘int’
编辑:第一个很容易修复,但修复它不会影响其他人......
PS:我认为我有一个小误解,因为std::vector<int>
不是模板,而是具体类型。但是,我仍然想知道是否有办法从int
获取带有模板魔法的someTemplate<int>
。
答案 0 :(得分:5)
您可以创建一个特征来提取这些参数:
template <typename T> struct first_param;
template <template <typename, typename...> class C, typename T, typename ...Ts>
struct first_param<C<T, Ts...>>
{
using type = T;
};
对于预C ++ 11,您必须处理多个参数,直到可接受的值:
template <typename T> struct first_param;
template <template <typename> class C, typename T>
struct first_param<C<T>>
{
typedef T type;
};
template <template <typename, typename> class C, typename T, typename T2>
struct first_param<C<T, T2>>
{
typedef T type;
};
template <template <typename, typename, typename> class C,
typename T, typename T2, typename T3>
struct first_param<C<T, T2, T3>>
{
typedef T type;
};
// ...