Question

我正在撰写一个小型系统，其Account与Category和PrimaryKeyRelatedField相关。目前我在TransactionSerializer中使用GET。我需要在Account所有事务或仅一个事务时返回JSON响应中的相关Category和PrimaryKeyRelatedField详细信息。通过使用class TransactionSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): account = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField(read_only=True) category = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField(read_only=True) # output: [ transaction: { id: 1, account: 1 category: 3, ... }, ... ]，响应类似于：

TransactionSerializer

为了详细说明相关帐户和类别，我在class TransactionSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): account = AccountSerializer() category = CategorySerializer() # output: [ transaction: { id: 1, account: { id: 1, name: "Foo", ... } category: { id: 3, name: "Bar", ... }, ... }, ... ]中完成了以下操作：

account

但后来我无法创建新的交易。它显示错误，指出category和read_only是必需的。我已经尝试将字段移动到序列化程序中的fields，但是另一个错误说这些字段应该在views.py列表中。

完整class TransactionList(APIView): def get(self, request): user_id = request.user.pk transactions = Transaction.objects.filter(user_id=user_id).order_by('-created_at') serializer = TransactionSerializer(transactions, many=True) return Response(serializer.data) def post(self, request): account = Account.objects.get(pk=request.data['account']) category = Category.objects.get(pk=request.data['category']) serializer = TransactionSerializer(data=request.data) if serializer.is_valid(): serializer.save(user=request.user, account=account, category=category) return Response(serializer.data, status=HTTP_201_CREATED) return Response(serializer.errors, status=HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST) class TransactionDetail(APIView): def get(self, request, pk): try: transaction = Transaction.objects.get(pk=pk) serializer = TransactionSerializer(transaction) return Response(serializer.data) except: raise Http404次交易：

urls.py

urlpatterns = [ url(r'^$', views.TransactionList.as_view(), name="transaction_list"), url(r'^(?P<pk>[0-9]+)/$', views.TransactionDetail.as_view(), name="transaction"), ]：

models.py

class Transaction(models.Model): user = models.ForeignKey(User, default=None) account = models.ForeignKey(Account, default=None) category = models.ForeignKey(Category, default=None) name = models.CharField(max_length=32) amount = models.DecimalField(max_digits=10, decimal_places=2, default="0.0") description = models.CharField(max_length=256, default=None, null=True) created_at = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now) updated_at = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now)：

<link href="https://netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.0.0/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"/>
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.0.0/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<div class="container">
	<div class="row">
		<div class="col-md-12 text-center">
			<div style="border: 1px solid">
  				<h3>aaaaaaaaaaa<span class="pull-right"><i class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus btn-flat"></i></span></h3>
  			</div>
  		</div>
  	</div>
  	<br>
  	<div class="row">
		<div class="col-md-12 text-center">
			<div style="border: 1px solid">
  				<h3>bbbbbbbbbbb<span class="pull-right"><i class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus btn-flat"></i></span></h3>
  			</div>
  		</div>
  	</div>
</div>

所以这是我的问题。如何创建新的交易，按ID分配帐户和类别，然而在检索所有内容时，请带上所有详细信息？

Answer 1

创建两个序列化程序，一个用于列表，一个用于创建，这就是诀窍。

class ListTransactionSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    account = AccountSerializer()
    category = CategorySerializer()

    class Meta:
        model = Transaction
        fields = '__all__'


class CreateTransactionSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    account = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField(read_only=True)
    category = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField(read_only=True)

    class Meta:
        model = Transaction
        fields = '__all__'

    def create(self, validated_data):
        """
        Create and return a new 'Transaction' instance
        :param validated_data:
        :return: Transaction
        """
        return Transaction.objects.create(**validated_data)

    def update(self, instance, validated_data):
        pass

Answer 2

首先将模型重写为相关名称文件以供其他实现。

class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = User
        fileds = '__all__'


class AccountSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Account
        fileds = '__all__'

class CategorySerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Category
        fileds = '__all__'

class SerializerTransactions(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    user_serialzer = UserSerializer(many=True)  
    account_serialzer = AccountSerializer(many=True)    
    category_serialzer = CategorySerializer(many=True)  

    class Meta:
        model = Transaction
        fileds = ('id', 'name', 'user_serialzer', 'account_serialzer', 'category_serialzer',)

然后序列化器：

$date = new DateTime();
for( $days = 6; $days--; ) {
  echo $date->modify( '+1 days' )->format( 'l' ) . '<br>';
}

如何从模型中获取，显示其相关模型＆＃39; JSON响应中的详细信息？

2 个答案: