有效地插入序列号1-N并重新编号重复

时间:2017-07-17 14:58:38

标签: sql-server algorithm

我有一个表,其主键是正整数:

CREATE TABLE T
(
    ID int PRIMARY KEY CHECK (ID > 0) -- not an IDENTITY column
    -- ... other irrelevant columns...
)

给定一个正整数 N ,我想插入ID为1- N N 记录。但是,如果已存在具有特定ID的记录,我想改为插入下一个最高的未使用ID。例如, N = 5:

If the table contains...    Then insert...
  (Nothing)                   1,2,3,4,5
  1,2,3                       4,5,6,7,8
  3,6,9,12                    1,2,4,5,7

这是一种天真的方式:

DECLARE @N int = 5 -- number of records to insert
DECLARE @ID int = 1 -- next candidate ID
WHILE @N > 0 -- repeat N times
BEGIN
    WHILE EXISTS(SELECT * FROM T WHERE ID = @ID) -- conflicting record?
        SET @ID = @ID + 1
    INSERT T VALUES (@ID)
    SET @ID = @ID + 1
    SET @N = @N - 1
END

但如果 E 是现有记录的数量,那么在最坏的情况下,此代码执行 E + N SELECTs和 N INSERT,这是非常低效的。

是否有一种智能方法可以使用少量SELECT和一个INSERT执行此任务?

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

您可以使用计数表和NOT IN我想......

WITH
    E1(N) AS (select 1 from (values (1),(1),(1),(1),(1),(1),(1),(1),(1),(1))dt(n)),
    E2(N) AS (SELECT 1 FROM E1 a, E1 b), --10E+2 or 100 rows
    E4(N) AS (SELECT 1 FROM E2 a, E2 b), --10E+4 or 10,000 rows max
    cteTally(N) AS 
    (
        SELECT  ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY (SELECT NULL)) FROM E4
    )
select N into #temp from cteTally



declare @table table (i int)
insert into @table
values
(3),
(6),
(9),
(12)


insert into @table
select top 5 N from #temp where N not in (select i from @table) order by N


select * from @table

drop table #temp

信用@SeanLange强调统计表并最初显示我

答案 1 :(得分:0)

试试这个;

insert into T
select top 5
    [ID]
from
    (
    select
        [ID]=RANK()over(order by [ID])+5
    from
        T
    union
    select [ID]=1 union
    select [ID]=2 union
    select [ID]=3 union
    select [ID]=4 union
    select [ID]=5
    )IDs
where 
    not exists(select 1 from T data where data.ID=IDs.ID)

不需要临时表,可能更容易阅读和维护(很乐意纠正:))