我有以下控制器来获取书籍清单和单书详细信息。它按预期工作，但单元测试没有按预期工作。
books.controller.js
var myApp = angular.module('myApp');
function BooksController($log, $routeParams, BooksService) {
// we declare as usual, just using the `this` Object instead of `$scope`
const vm = this;
const routeParamId = $routeParams.id;
if (routeParamId) {
BooksService.getBook(routeParamId)
.then(function (data) {
$log.info('==> successfully fetched data for book id:', routeParamId);
vm.book = data;
})
.catch(function (err) {
vm.errorMessage = 'OOPS! Book detail not found';
$log.error('GET BOOK: SOMETHING GOES WRONG', err)
});
}
BooksService.getBooks()
.then(function (data) {
$log.info('==> successfully fetched data');
vm.books = data;
})
.catch(function (err) {
vm.errorMessage = 'OOPS! No books found!';
$log.error('GET BOOK: SOMETHING GOES WRONG', err)
});
}
BooksController.$inject = ['$log', '$routeParams', 'BooksService'];
myApp.controller('BooksController', BooksController);
我想测试getBook（id）服务的上述控制器的规范，但不知怎的，我无法传递book的id。
describe('Get All Books List: getBooks() =>', () => {
const errMsg = 'OOPS! No books found!';
beforeEach(() => {
// injecting rootscope and controller
inject(function (_$rootScope_, _$controller_, _$q_, BooksService) {
$scope = _$rootScope_.$new();
$service = BooksService;
$q = _$q_;
deferred = _$q_.defer();
// Use a Jasmine Spy to return the deferred promise
spyOn($service, 'getBooks').and.returnValue(deferred.promise);
// The injector unwraps the underscores (_) from around the parameter names when matching
$vm = _$controller_('BooksController', {$scope: $scope, $service: BooksService});
});
});
it('should defined getBooks $http methods in booksService', () => {
expect(typeof $service.getBooks).toEqual('function');
});
it('should able to fetch data from getBooks service', () => {
// Setup the data we wish to return for the .then function in the controller
deferred.resolve([{ id: 1 }, { id: 2 }]);
// We have to call apply for this to work
$scope.$apply();
// Since we called apply, now we can perform our assertions
expect($vm.books).not.toBe(undefined);
expect($vm.errorMessage).toBe(undefined);
});
it('should print error message if data not fetched', () => {
// Setup the data we wish to return for the .then function in the controller
deferred.reject(errMsg);
// We have to call apply for this to work
$scope.$apply();
// Since we called apply, now we can perform our assertions
expect($vm.errorMessage).toBe(errMsg);
});
});
describe('Get Single Book Detail: getBook() =>', () => {
const errMsg = 'OOPS! Book detail not found';
const routeParamId = '59663140b6e5fe676330836c';
beforeEach(() => {
// injecting rootscope and controller
inject(function (_$rootScope_, _$controller_, _$q_, BooksService) {
$scope = _$rootScope_.$new();
$scope.id = routeParamId;
$service = BooksService;
$q = _$q_;
var deferredSuccess = $q.defer();
// Use a Jasmine Spy to return the deferred promise
spyOn($service, 'getBook').and.returnValue(deferredSuccess.promise);
// The injector unwraps the underscores (_) from around the parameter names when matching
$vm = _$controller_('BooksController', {$scope: $scope, $service: BooksService});
});
});
it('should defined getBook $http methods in booksService', () => {
expect(typeof $service.getBook).toEqual('function');
});
it('should print error message', () => {
// Setup the data we wish to return for the .then function in the controller
deferred.reject(errMsg);
// We have to call apply for this to work
$scope.$apply();
// expect($service.getBook(123)).toHaveBeenCalled();
// expect($service.getBook(123)).toHaveBeenCalledWith(routeParamId);
// Since we called apply, now we can perform our assertions
expect($vm.errorMessage).toBe(errMsg);
});
});
＆＃34;获取单本书详情：getBook（）＆＃34;这套西装不行。请帮助我，如何缩短这种情况。
我得到的错误低于
Chrome 59.0.3071 (Mac OS X 10.12.5) Books Controller Get Single Book Detail: getBook() => should print error message FAILED
Expected 'OOPS! No books found!' to be 'OOPS! Book detail not found'.
Chrome 59.0.3071 (Mac OS X 10.12.5) Books Controller Get Single Book Detail: getBook() => should print error message FAILED
Expected 'OOPS! No books found!' to be 'OOPS! Book detail not found'.
at Object.it (test/client/controllers/books.controller.spec.js:108:38)
Chrome 59.0.3071 (Mac OS X 10.12.5): Executed 7 of 7 (1 FAILED) (0 secs / 0.068 secs)
.
Chrome 59.0.3071 (Mac OS X 10.12.5): Executed 7 of 7 (1 FAILED) (0.005 secs / 0.068 secs)
答案 0 :(得分：0)
编辑（删除原文，凌晨2点答案）
您使用的是strict模式吗？似乎有一些范围问题正在发生：
deferred，使其隐式全局deferred承诺deferredSuccess声明为var，使其成为传递给inject()的函数的本地deferredSuccess，实际上您实际上未通过全局/列表deferred承诺。这没有任何效果，因为如第2项所述，承诺已经失败并且Q ignores repeated rejections。所以，这应该解释为什么错误不是你认为应该的错误。
deferred并不是您示例中唯一存在范围问题的变量;应该解决这些问题。我建议将文件包装在IFFE并使用strict mode。它将使代码更具可预测性并避免出现类似问题。
这样做只会让你到达那里; @ estus的回应应该完成这项工作。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
你需要通过提供来模拟$rootScope.。
id的值未在undefined的控制器中获取。
因此，非id条件正在执行。
$scope = _$rootScope_.$new();
$scope.id = routeParamId;
module(function ($provide) {
$provide.value('$rootScope', scope); //mock rootscope with id
});
答案 2 :(得分：0)
不应在单元测试中使用真实路由器，最好将ngRoute模块从测试模块中排除。
$scope.id = routeParamId在控制器实例化之前分配，但它根本不被使用。相反，它应该使用模拟的$routeParams来完成。
没有$service服务。它被称为BooksService。因此getBooks不是间谍。最好是完全模拟服务，而不仅仅是一种方法。
mockedBooksService = jasmine.createSpyObj('BooksService', ['getBooks']);
var mockedData1 = {};
var mockedData2 = {};
mockedBooksService.getBooks.and.returnValues(
$q.resolve(mockedData1),
$q.resolve(mockedData2),
);
$vm = $controller('BooksController', {
$scope: $scope,
BooksService: mockedBooksService,
$routeParams: { id: '59663140b6e5fe676330836c' }
});
expect(mockedBooksService.getBooks).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
expect(mockedBooksService.getBooks.calls.allArgs()).toEqual([
['59663140b6e5fe676330836c'], []
]);
$rootScope.$digest();
expect($vm.book).toBe(mockedData2);
// then another test for falsy $routeParams.id
测试显示控制器代码中的问题。由于在控制器构造上调用了测试代码，因此每次$controller都应调用it。避免这种情况的一个好方法是将初始化代码放入可以单独测试的$onInit方法中。