我有一个需要很长时间才能运行的函数,但幸运的是它以异步方式运行。我想获取此函数调用的结果并将其设置为类实例的私有变量。看似简单:
// Exists in some other library.
void LongRunningAsync(std::function<void(int)> callback) {
sleep(10);
callback(5);
}
class A {
public:
void Do() {
auto lambda = [this](int val) {
// Some processing...
var_ = val;
};
LongRunningAsync(lambda);
}
private:
var_;
};
int main() {
A* a = new A;
a->Do();
// Wait for LongRunningAsync to finish.
sleep(20);
return 0;
}
问题是在评论之前的main
添加以下行:
delete a;
现在当LongRunningAsync
调用回调时,它将尝试修改已删除实例的成员变量(即UB)。
有没有办法挽救这种方法?我最近了解了以下解决方案:
void LongRunningAsync(std::function<void(int)> callback) {
sleep(10);
callback(5);
}
class A : public std::enable_shared_from_this<A> {
public:
void Do() {
std::weak_ptr<A> weak = shared_from_this();
auto lambda = [weak](int val) {
auto shared = weak.lock();
if (!shared) return;
// Some processing...
shared->var_ = val;
};
LongRunningAsync(lambda);
}
private:
var_;
};
int main() {
auto a = std::make_shared<A>();
a->Do();
// Wait for LongRunningAsync to finish.
sleep(20);
return 0;
}
但它需要将所有 A
变量更改为shared_ptr。是否有一种较少侵入性的方法来使这项工作?
答案 0 :(得分:1)
一种可能的解决方案是将所需的状态封装到shared_ptr
成员变量中,然后按值将其捕获到异步运行的闭包中。
如下所示
class A : public std::enable_shared_from_this<A> {
public:
void Do() {
auto lambda = [member_shared_state](int val) {
member_shared_state->var_ = val;
};
LongRunningAsync(lambda);
}
....
};
答案 1 :(得分:1)
这是基于Curious方法的解决方案,但这并不强迫我将A
个对象的所有指针都更改为shared_ptr
:
// Exists in some other library.
void LongRunningAsync(std::function<void(int)> callback) {
sleep(10);
callback(5);
}
class A {
public:
A() : var_(std::make_shared<int>()) {}
void Do() {
std::weak_ptr<int> weak = var_;
auto lambda = [weak](int val) {
auto shared = weak.lock();
if (!shared) {
return;
}
// Some processing...
*shared = val;
};
LongRunningAsync(lambda);
}
private:
std::shared_ptr<int> var_;
};
int main() {
A* a = new A;
a->Do();
delete a;
// Wait for LongRunningAsync to finish.
sleep(20);
return 0;
}