我对Python有点新鲜。我一直在学习和研究多处理模块,并且在使用锁定时遇到了这个问题。
这是测试代码:
import multiprocessing
from multiprocessing import Pool
class Param_Class():
#Initialisation.
def __init__(self):
self.counter = multiprocessing.Value('i',0)
self.lock = multiprocessing.Lock()
def inc_counter(self):
lk.acquire()
print('Locked {}'.format(multiprocessing.current_process().name))
self.counter.value+=1
lk.release()
print('Released {}'.format(multiprocessing.current_process().name))
param_class = Param_Class()
def init(lock):
global lk
lk = lock
def target():
param_class.inc_counter()
code = 0
return code
def handler(i):
if i<50:
code = target()
print(param_class.counter.value)
if __name__ == '__main__':
p = Pool(processes=2,initializer=init, initargs=(param_class.lock,))
p.map_async(handler,range(50))
p.close()
p.join()
我期望每个进程在执行另一个进程时被锁定,因此每次执行任一进程时我的计数器都应递增。但是,进程之间没有发生互锁,而第二个进程正在处理该计数器的副本。
这是输出:
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-1
Released SpawnPoolWorker-1
1
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-1
Released SpawnPoolWorker-1
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-2
2
Released SpawnPoolWorker-2
1
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-1
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-2
Released SpawnPoolWorker-1
Released SpawnPoolWorker-2
3
2
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-1
Released SpawnPoolWorker-1
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-2
4
Released SpawnPoolWorker-2
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-1
3
Released SpawnPoolWorker-1
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-2
5
Released SpawnPoolWorker-2
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-1
4
Released SpawnPoolWorker-1
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-2
6
Released SpawnPoolWorker-2
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-1
5
Released SpawnPoolWorker-1
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-2
7
Released SpawnPoolWorker-2
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-1
6
Released SpawnPoolWorker-1
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-2
8
Released SpawnPoolWorker-2
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-1
7
Released SpawnPoolWorker-1
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-2
9
Released SpawnPoolWorker-2
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-1
8
Released SpawnPoolWorker-1
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-2
10
Released SpawnPoolWorker-2
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-1
9
Released SpawnPoolWorker-1
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-2
11
Released SpawnPoolWorker-2
10
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-1
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-2
Released SpawnPoolWorker-1
Released SpawnPoolWorker-2
12
11
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-1
Released SpawnPoolWorker-1
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-2
13
Released SpawnPoolWorker-2
12
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-1
Released SpawnPoolWorker-1
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-2
14
Released SpawnPoolWorker-2
13
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-1
Released SpawnPoolWorker-1
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-2
15
Released SpawnPoolWorker-2
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-1
14
Released SpawnPoolWorker-1
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-2
16
Released SpawnPoolWorker-2
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-1
15
Released SpawnPoolWorker-1
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-2
17
Released SpawnPoolWorker-2
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-1
16
Released SpawnPoolWorker-1
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-2
18
Released SpawnPoolWorker-2
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-1
17
Released SpawnPoolWorker-1
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-2
19
Released SpawnPoolWorker-2
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-1
18
Released SpawnPoolWorker-1
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-2
20
Released SpawnPoolWorker-2
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-1
19
Released SpawnPoolWorker-1
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-2
21
Released SpawnPoolWorker-2
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-1
20
Released SpawnPoolWorker-1
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-2
22
Released SpawnPoolWorker-2
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-1
21
Released SpawnPoolWorker-1
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-2
23
Released SpawnPoolWorker-2
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-1
22
Released SpawnPoolWorker-1
24
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-1
Released SpawnPoolWorker-1
25
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-1
Released SpawnPoolWorker-1
26
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-1
Released SpawnPoolWorker-1
27
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-1
Released SpawnPoolWorker-1
28
期望的输出应该是这样的:
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-1
1
Released SpawnPoolWorker-1
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-2
2
Released SpawnPoolWorker-2
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-1
3
Released SpawnPoolWorker-1
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Locked SpawnPoolWorker-2
50
Released SpawnPoolWorker-2
我已提及this了解初始化锁定并继承锁定。我无法理解我搞砸了哪里。是锁定还是multiprocessing.Pool
调用或使用类实例,还是目标函数本身。请用一些理论来详细说明它。我想了解这一点,而不仅仅是解决它。
请注意,在获得的输出中,它如何按预期从值24到28工作,而过程2刚刚停止工作。还需要澄清这一点。
P.S。:我想避免使用管理器,因为它是重量级的,如链接答案中所述。此外,我不想消除执行的部分并发性,因为我将使用其他不需要锁定的变量,我希望模块保持快速和pythonic。
答案 0 :(得分:2)
显然,每次进行一次应用时,都会调用类的 init ,从而为每个进程创建一个副本。
因此要克服这一点,不是将计数器作为类属性创建,而是可以在池的init中传递并使其成为全局。
此外,锁定无关紧要。