对于noob问题感到抱歉,但是我很难绕过并发部分。基本上下面这个程序是我正在编写的较大版本的简化版本,因此我想保持结构类似于下面。
基本上我没有等待4秒,而是希望使用无缓冲通道运行addCount(..)
并发,并且当int_slice
中的所有元素都已处理完时,我想对它们进行另一个操作。然而,这个程序以“恐慌:关闭通道关闭”结束,如果我删除了通道的关闭,我得到了我期待的输出,但是恐慌:“致命错误:所有goroutine都睡着了 - 死锁“
如何在这种情况下正确实现并发部分?
提前致谢!
package main
import (
"fmt"
"time"
)
func addCount(num int, counter chan<- int) {
time.Sleep(time.Second * 2)
counter <- num * 2
}
func main() {
counter := make(chan int)
int_slice := []int{2, 4}
for _, item := range int_slice {
go addCount(item, counter)
close(counter)
}
for item := range counter {
fmt.Println(item)
}
}
答案 0 :(得分:2)
以下是我在代码中发现的问题,以及基于您的实施的工作版本。
如果goroutine尝试写入“无缓冲”通道,它将阻塞,直到有人从中读取。由于你在完成写入频道之前没有阅读,你就会陷入僵局。
在阻止通道时关闭通道会打破死锁,但会出现错误,因为它们现在无法写入已关闭的通道。
解决方案包括:
创建一个缓冲通道,以便它们可以不受阻塞地写入。
使用sync.WaitGroup
以便在关闭频道之前等待goroutines完成。
完成所有操作后,从最后一个频道读取。
见这里,评论:
package main
import (
"fmt"
"time"
"sync"
)
func addCount(num int, counter chan<- int, wg *sync.WaitGroup) {
// clear one from the sync group
defer wg.Done()
time.Sleep(time.Second * 2)
counter <- num * 2
}
func main() {
int_slice := []int{2, 4}
// make the slice buffered using the slice size, so that they can write without blocking
counter := make(chan int, len(int_slice))
var wg sync.WaitGroup
for _, item := range int_slice {
// add one to the sync group, to mark we should wait for one more
wg.Add(1)
go addCount(item, counter, &wg)
}
// wait for all goroutines to end
wg.Wait()
// close the channel so that we not longer expect writes to it
close(counter)
// read remaining values in the channel
for item := range counter {
fmt.Println(item)
}
}
答案 1 :(得分:0)
为了举例说明@eugenioy提交的内容略有修改。它允许使用无缓冲的通道,并在它们进入时读取值,而不是像常规for循环那样在结束时读取。
package main
import (
"fmt"
"sync"
"time"
)
func addCount(num int, counter chan<- int, wg *sync.WaitGroup) {
// clear one from the sync group
defer wg.Done()
// not needed, unless you wanted to slow down the output
time.Sleep(time.Second * 2)
counter <- num * 2
}
func main() {
// variable names don't have underscores in Go
intSlice := []int{2, 4}
counter := make(chan int)
var wg sync.WaitGroup
for _, item := range intSlice {
// add one to the sync group, to mark we should wait for one more
wg.Add(1)
go addCount(item, counter, &wg)
}
// by wrapping wait and close in a go routine I can start reading the channel before its done, I also don't need to know the size of the
// slice
go func() {
wg.Wait()
close(counter)
}()
for item := range counter {
fmt.Println(item)
}
}
答案 2 :(得分:-2)
package main
import (
"fmt"
"time"
)
func addCount(num int, counter chan <- int) {
time.Sleep(time.Second * 2)
counter <- num * 2
}
func main() {
counter := make(chan int)
int_slice := []int{2, 4}
for _, item := range int_slice {
go addCount(item, counter)
fmt.Println(<-counter)
}
}