Question

根据我的理解，为了初始化一个数组，你可以这样调用：

from array import *
array_example = array([type of some sort],[entries into the array])

其中某种类型的类型可以是整数。我的问题是，如果我有任何方法可以使用我定义的数据结构（Letter）并在初始化数组时使用该类型。

以下是我的尝试：

x = Letter('A')
i = type(x)
array = array(i,[x])

然后我得到以下错误：

builtins.TypeError：array（）参数1必须是unicode字符，而不是类型

对不起，如果这是一个愚蠢的问题

class Letter:

    def __init__(self, letter):
        """
        -------------------------------------------------------
        Initialize a Letter object.
        Use: l = Letter(char)
        -------------------------------------------------------
        Preconditions:
            letter - an single uppercase letter of the alphabet (str)
        Postconditions:
            Letter values are set.
        -------------------------------------------------------
        """
        assert letter.isalpha() and letter.isupper(), "Invalid letter"

        self.letter = letter
        self.count = 0
        self.comparisons = 0
        return

    def __str__(self):
        """
        -------------------------------------------------------
        Creates a formatted string of Letter data.
        Use: print(m)
        Use: s = str(m)
        -------------------------------------------------------
        Postconditions:
            returns:
            the value of self.letter (str)
        -------------------------------------------------------
        """
        return "{}: {}, {}".format(self.letter, self.count, self.comparisons)

    def __eq__(self, rs):
        """
        -------------------------------------------------------
        Compares this Letter against another Letter for equality.
        Use: l == rs
        -------------------------------------------------------
        Preconditions:
            rs - [right side] Letter to compare to (Letter)
        Postconditions:
            returns:
            result - True if name and origin match, False otherwise (boolean)
        -------------------------------------------------------
        """
        self.count += 1
        self.comparisons += 1
        result = self.letter == rs.letter
        return result

    def __lt__(self, rs):
        """
        -------------------------------------------------------
        Determines if this Letter comes before another.
        Use: f < rs
        -------------------------------------------------------
        Preconditions:
            rs - [right side] Letter to compare to (Letter)
        Postconditions:
            returns:
            result - True if Letter precedes rs, False otherwise (boolean)
        -------------------------------------------------------
        """
        self.comparisons += 1
        result = self.letter < rs.letter
        return result

    def __le__(self, rs):
        """
        -------------------------------------------------------
        Determines if this Letter precedes or is or equal to another.
        Use: f <= rs
        -------------------------------------------------------
        Preconditions:
            rs - [right side] Letter to compare to (Letter)
        Postconditions:
            returns:
            result - True if this Letter precedes or is equal to rs,
              False otherwise (boolean)
        -------------------------------------------------------
        """
        self.comparisons += 1
        result = self.letter <= rs.letter
        return result

Answer 1

如文档所示，数组只能包含基本类型 - 整数，字节等。

但似乎没有任何理由可以在这里使用列表。

Answer 2

正如您在docs中看到的，python array只能保存数值。

Answer 3

Python <script> // Javascript function to submit new chat entered by user function submitchat(){ if($('#chat').val()=='' || $('#chatbox').val()==' ') return false; $.ajax({ url:'chat/chat.php', data:{chat:$('#chatbox').val(),ajaxsend:true}, method:'post', success:function(data){ $('#result').html(data); // Get the chat records and add it to result div $('#chatbox').val(''); //Clear chat box after successful submition document.getElementById('result').scrollTop=document.getElementById('result').scrollHeight; // Bring the scrollbar to bottom of the chat resultbox in case of long chatbox } }) return false; }; // Function to continously check the some has submitted any new chat setInterval(function(){ $.ajax({ url:'chat/chat.php', data:{ajaxget:true}, method:'post', success:function(data){ $('#result').html(data); } }) },1000); // Function to chat history $(document).ready(function(){ $('#clear').click(function(){ if(!confirm('Are you sure you want to clear chat?')) return false; $.ajax({ url:'chat/chat.php', data:{username:"<?php echo $_SESSION['username'] ?>",ajaxclear:true}, method:'post', success:function(data){ $('#result').html(data); } }) }) }) </script> <script> $(document).ready(function() { $('.entryMsg').keydown(function(event) { if (event.keyCode == 13) { this.form.submit(); return false; } }); }); </script>`可以与一组有限的预定义类型一起使用。您不能将它们与自定义类型一起使用。第一个参数确实是单个字符，它指定数组将包含哪些允许的类型。请参阅here。

Answer 4

正如其他答案中所指出的，array仅适用于某些预定义类型。这意味着您不能将它用于您自己定义的类型/类。大多数时候，没有理由使用数组，但如果你觉得你绝对需要它，你可以使用numpy.array：

import numpy as np

x = Letter('A')
my_array = np.array([x]) # array is a bad name

这当然需要安装numpy，所有元素都将存储为数组中的常规object。

使用您自己的数据结构创建数组

4 个答案: