ImportError Python：无法导入名称Viewkeys

Question

所以我在python中创建了这个web scraper，我正在使用Anaconda在Pycharm中构建它。我的脚本工作正常，但不知怎的，我觉得我在计算机上弄乱了一些东西，现在我收到了这个错误。

ImportError：无法导入名称viewkeys

此外，我似乎无法将模块“mechanize”安装到anaconda目录中。

以下是我的代码。如果有人能帮助解决这个问题，那就太好了！

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import urllib
import numpy as np
#import selenium.webdriver as webdriver
import urllib
import requests
import mechanize
import urlparse
import lxml
import sys
import re



def get_Sample_URL(Sample_Name):
    br = mechanize.Browser()
    br.open("https://www.lpi.usra.edu/meteor/")

    "SELECTING THE FORM"
    br.select_form(nr=0)
    # Entering in the sample name
    br.form['sea'] = '%s' %Sample_Name
    br.submit()

    Link_List = list()
    for i in br.links():
        # Append the Base URL and the URL of the Sample
        new_url = urlparse.urljoin(i.base_url, i.url)
        # Insert URL's into a list
        Link_List.append(new_url)

    br.close()

    if len(Link_List)>9999999999:
       # print len(Link_List
        print ("Can't find data for: "), Sample_Name, "Perhaps try searching this one manually"
        #Manual_Search_File = np.loadtxt("/Users/edenmolina/Desktop/Metiorite_Manual_Search.txt", dtype='string', unpack=True
        Sample_URL = 0
        return Sample_URL
    #9 is the mumber of links for a sample that is not in the online database#
    elif len(Link_List)<=9:
        #print len(Link_List)
        #print ("No results found on database for: "), Sample_Name
        Sample_URL = 0
        return Sample_URL
    else:
        #print len(Link_List)
        #print len(Link_List), Sample_Name
        Sample_URL = Link_List[-4]
        return Sample_URL

"""Get the Classification"""
def get_Classification(URL):
    source = urllib.urlopen("%s"%URL).read()
    soup = BeautifulSoup(source, "html.parser")

    Classification_List = []
    for k, td in enumerate(soup.find_all("td", {'class', 'inside'})):
        Classification = td.find_all("b")
        Classification_List.append(Classification)
    #print Classification_List[3]
    print (Classification_List[3][1].text)

"Define a fucntion that get the name, weathering, and shock stage of the sample"
def get_Name_Weathering_Shock(url):
    "Get the source code from the website"
    source = urllib.urlopen("%s" % url).read()

    # Convert the data to a Beautiful Soup object
    soup = BeautifulSoup(source, "html.parser")

    """
    Print out the title of the webpage"""
    #print soup.title.string

    """"Getting the name"""
    Name_List = []
    for i, td in enumerate(soup.find_all("th", {'class', 'insidehead'})):
        Name = td.find_all("b")
        Name_List.append(Name)
    print ("Name Check: ", Name_List[0][0].text)

    # Get the data in the td subsections from the website
    data = soup.find_all('tr')

    # Getting the website data
    Website_Data = list()
    for tr in data:
        td = tr.find_all('td')
        row = [i.text for i in td]
        Website_Data.append(row)

    Weathering_Grade = [w for w in Website_Data if "Weathering grade:" in w]
    Shock_Stage = [s for s in Website_Data if "Shock stage:" in s]

    #Prints out the weathering and shock stage of the sample


    try:
        print (Weathering_Grade[1][1])
        np.savetxt("/Users/edenmolina/Desktop/Meteorite Data/%s.txt" % (Name[0][0].text), Weathering_Grade[1][1])
    except:
        print ("No Weathering")
    try:
        print (Shock_Stage[1][1])
    except:
        print ("No Shock Stage")

def get_Info(url, weatheringOrshock):
    "Get source code of website"
    source = urllib.urlopen("%s" % url).read()

    # Convert the data to a Beautiful Soup object
    soup = BeautifulSoup(source, "html.parser")

    data = soup.find_all('tr')

    data = list()
    for tr in data:
        td = tr.find_all('td')
        row = [i.text for i in td]
        data.append(row)

    information = [w for w in data if "%s" %weatheringOrshock in w]

    try:
        print (information[1][1])
        return information[1][1]
    except:
        print ("No %s" %weatheringOrshock)



#get_SampleData("https://www.lpi.usra.edu/meteor/metbull.php?sea=NWA+001&sfor=names&ants=&falls=&valids=&stype=contains&lrec=50&map=ge&browse=&country=All&srt=name&categ=All&mblist=All&rect=&phot=&snew=0&pnt=Normal%20table&code=17011")

#AllData("NWA 002")


#LOAD THE SAMPLE NAMES FROM A TEXT FILE#
SampleNames_Text = np.loadtxt("/Users/edenmolina/Desktop/MetioriteNames.txt",delimiter="\n", dtype=np.str)
Number_of_Loops = len(SampleNames_Text)

"""FOR SAVING THE DATA"""


#Iterates through each of the samples in the text file and outputs the name, weathering, and the shock stage (if applicable)
for i in range(Number_of_Loops):
    print (SampleNames_Text[i])
    Sample_URL = get_Sample_URL("%s" % SampleNames_Text[i])

    if Sample_URL == 0 or len(Sample_URL) < 80.0:
        print ("")
    elif len(Sample_URL)<80.0:
        print ("Try Searching This Manually")

    else:
        Weathering = get_Info(Sample_URL, "Weathering grade:")
        Shock = get_Info(Sample_URL, "Shock stage:")
        Classification = get_Classification(Sample_URL)
    URL = get_Sample_URL("%s" %SampleNames_Text[i])
    print ("\n")

错误的堆栈跟踪

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/edenmolina/PycharmProjects/Meteorite/DataBase_Data_Extractor_V3.py", line 163, in <module>
    Sample_URL = get_Sample_URL("%s" % SampleNames_Text[i])
  File "/Users/edenmolina/PycharmProjects/Meteorite/DataBase_Data_Extractor_V3.py", line 34, in get_Sample_URL
    br.select_form(nr=0)
  File "/Users/edenmolina/Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages/mechanize/_mechanize.py", line 619, in select_form
    global_form = self._factory.global_form
  File "/Users/edenmolina/Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages/mechanize/_html.py", line 260, in global_form
    self.forms()
  File "/Users/edenmolina/Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages/mechanize/_html.py", line 267, in forms
    self._current_forms, self._current_global_form = self._get_forms()
  File "/Users/edenmolina/Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages/mechanize/_html.py", line 282, in _get_forms
    if self.root is None:
  File "/Users/edenmolina/Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages/mechanize/_html.py", line 247, in root
    response, verify=False))
  File "/Users/edenmolina/Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages/mechanize/_html.py", line 145, in content_parser
    from html5lib import parse
  File "/Users/edenmolina/Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages/html5lib/__init__.py", line 16, in <module>
    from .html5parser import HTMLParser, parse, parseFragment
  File "/Users/edenmolina/Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages/html5lib/html5parser.py", line 2, in <module>
    from six import with_metaclass, viewkeys, PY3
ImportError: cannot import name viewkeys

Answer 1

如果您正在使用版本控制，请返回之前的提交，看看是否可以让应用程序正常运行。这样，您就可以隔离导致您遇到问题的更改。

此类错误的一个常见原因是Python中的循环导入。我不会在堆栈中看到它，但是你在这里。谷歌无论如何，看看这是不是在这里发生了什么。

您可以而且应该做的另一件事是为您的Python应用程序提供虚拟环境。您可以使用conda命令创建一个。获得环境后，请安装此应用程序所需的所有库，然后再次尝试运行该应用程序。

我看到您正在使用的某个库正在使用six。 six用于编写与Python 2和Python 3兼容的代码。因此，您可能更改了解释器或环境，导致此错误。

如果您的应用有效，请告诉我，我想知道导致错误的原因。感谢。