我想阅读存储在Linux机器上一个文件夹中的大量.csv文件(几千兆字节)的第一个和最后一个记录。假设它们被称为have1.csv, have2.csv, ...
,依此类推。
所以我尝试了下面的代码,它只给了我第一行。但不是最后一行。
%let datapath = ~/somefolder/;
data want;
length finame $300.;
/*Reference all CSV files in input data folder*/
infile "&datapath.have*.csv" delimiter=","
MISSOVER DSD lrecl=32767 firstobs=2
eov=eov eof=eof filename=finame end=done;
/*Define input format of variables*/
informat Var1 COMMA. Var2 COMMA. Var3 COMMA.;
/*Loop over files*/
do while(not done);
/*Set trailing @ to hold the input open for the next input statement
this is because we have several files */
input @;
/*If first line in file is encountered eov is set to 1,
however, we have firstobs=2, hence all lines would be skipped.
So we need to reset EOV to 0.*/
if eov then
do;
/*Additional empty input statement
handles missing value at first loop*/
input;
eov = 2;
end;
/*First observation*/
if eov=2 then do;
input Var1--Var3;
fname=finame;
output;
eov = 0;
end;
/*Last observation*/
if 0 then do;
eof: input Var1--Var3;
fname=finame;
output;
end;
input;
end;
stop;
run;
我非常感谢你的帮助!如果我误解了infile,end,eov,eof和input @的概念或相互作用,请告诉我!我不知道我的错误在哪里......
答案 0 :(得分:2)
如果要在INFILE语句中使用通配符,可以使用EOV =选项创建一个变量,该变量将在新文件启动时进行标记。请注意,您需要手动重置EOV标志。
在读取值之前读取并按住该行,以便测试是否已启动新文件。这样您就可以输出上一个文件的最后一行。您还需要保留输入变量,以便可以使用上一个文件最后一行的值。
您还需要使用END =选项才能输出最后一个文件的最后一行。
示例:
data want ;
retain filename str;
length fname filename $200 ;
infile '/dir1/file*' filename=fname eov=eov end=eof truncover ;
input @;
if eov then output;
filename=fname ;
input str $30. ;
if _n_=1 or eov or eof then output;
eov=0;
run;
示例输出:
Obs filename str
1 /dir1/file1 Line1
2 /dir1/file1 Line3
3 /dir1/file2 Line1
4 /dir1/file2 line4
5 /dir1/file3 Line1
6 /dir1/file3 Line3
如果要跳过每个文件的第一行(标题行),请在input @;
语句后面添加此语句。
if _n_=1 or eov then input;
请注意,如果输入文件可能并非至少有两条数据线(计算标题行的三行),则需要调整逻辑。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
这似乎对我有用,请尝试一下:
data want;
length finame $300.;
/*Reference all CSV files in input data folder*/
infile "E:\temp\test\have*.txt" delimiter=","
MISSOVER DSD lrecl=32767
eov=eov filename=finame end=done;
/* Note: firstobs option seems to work on first file only */
/*Define input format of variables*/
informat Var1 COMMA. Var2 COMMA. Var3 COMMA.;
input; /* skip header in first file */
input Var1--Var3; /* read first real record in first file */
fname=finame;
output;
/* Loop over files*/
do while(not done);
input @;/* try input do determine eov condition */
if eov then do;/* new file detected - we're on header record, but variables contain values from previous record - see "read values" */
output; /* variables contain values from previous record - output those values */
input; /* skip header */
eov = 0;
input Var1--Var3; /* read first real observation */
fname=finame;
output; /* first line of new file */
end;
input Var1--Var3; /* read values - it might be last record */
end;
output; /* output last record of last file */
run;
实际上,正如下面的Tom描述的那样,不需要while循环(危险的东西:-))。 我现在修改了代码: (需要添加RETAIN,因为我们正在循环数据步骤本身)
data want;
length finame $300.;
/*Reference all CSV files in input data folder*/
infile "E:\temp\test\have*.txt" delimiter=","
MISSOVER DSD lrecl=32767
eov=eov filename=finame end=done;
informat Var1 COMMA. Var2 COMMA. Var3 COMMA.;
retain Var1 Var2 Var3 fname;
if _N_ = 1 then do; /* first file */
input; /* skip header in first file */
input Var1--Var3; /* read first real record in first file */
fname=finame;
output;
end;
input @; /* try input do determine eov condition */
if eov then do; /* new file detected - we've moved past header record, but variables contain values from previous record - see "read values" */
output; /* variables contain values from previous record - output those values */
input; /* skip header */
eov = 0;
input Var1--Var3; /* read first real observation */
fname=finame;
output; /* first line of new file */
end;
else input Var1--Var3;
if done then output;
run;
答案 2 :(得分:1)
如果您有文件列表,那么代码就更清晰了。例如,如果您可以使用PIPE引擎,则可以使用ls(或Dir)命令来获取文件名。然后使用FILEVAR =选项动态读取每个文件。
data want ;
infile 'ls ~/test/dir1/file*' pipe truncover ;
input fname $200.;
filename=fname;
infile csv filevar=fname dsd truncover firstobs=2 end=eof ;
do _n_=1 by 1 while (not eof);
input str :$30. ;
if _N_=1 or eof then output;
end;
run;
或者如果您的文件很大,您可以利用PIPE使用head
和tail
命令查找每个文件的开头和结尾,而无需让SAS读取整个文件。您可能需要进行测试以确定它是否真正提高了性能。
data want ;
infile 'ls ~/test/dir1/file*' pipe truncover ;
input filename $200.;
length cmd1 cmd2 $200 ;
cmd1='head -2 '||filename ;
infile top pipe filevar=cmd1 dsd truncover firstobs=2 end=eof1 ;
if (not eof1) then do;
input str :$30. ;
output;
end;
cmd2='tail -1 '||filename ;
infile bottom pipe filevar=cmd2 dsd truncover firstobs=1 end=eof2;
if (not eof2) then do;
input str :$30. ;
output;
end;
run;