在不使用十六进制代码的情况下在gnuplot中设置行不透明度

时间:2017-06-28 22:58:58

标签: plot gnuplot line opacity alpha

我正在使用gnuplot绘制一些线条,我想让其中一些线条透明。我知道这可以在某些终端(例如Mac上的aquaterm)中使用如下命令:

plot x lw 10 lc rgb "#77000000"

会产生半透明的黑色线条(即灰色),其中六角形颜色为黑色 - &00; 000000'并且alpha值为' 77'。但是,使用这个要求我知道我想要的颜色的十六进制代码。是否可以以更标准的方式指定颜色,例如使用颜色名称或数字,然后还单独指定不透明度级别?

我要寻找的命令类型如下:

plot x lw 10 lc rgb 'black' transparency '#77'

哪个不起作用。有任何想法吗?我正在使用gnuplot 5.

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

甚至对于gnuplot 5.0也有解决方法。在gnuplot 5.2中,您也可以使用数组。从定义的颜色列表中获取RGB颜色值,然后添加透明度(alpha)。当然,您必须从某处获取颜色代码。 在gnuplot控制台中,键入show colors,然后在gnuplot中查看所有111种预定义的颜色。基本上,您还可以定义自己的颜色。

已在此处显示gnuplot标准颜色:https://stackoverflow.com/a/54659829/7295599

代码:

### add colors by name with transparency
reset session

ColorNames = "white black dark-grey red web-green web-blue dark-magenta dark-cyan dark-orange dark-yellow royalblue goldenrod dark-spring-green purple steelblue dark-red dark-chartreuse orchid aquamarine brown yellow turquoise grey0 grey10 grey20 grey30 grey40 grey50 grey60 grey70 grey grey80 grey90 grey100 light-red light-green light-blue light-magenta light-cyan light-goldenrod light-pink light-turquoise gold green dark-green spring-green forest-green sea-green blue dark-blue midnight-blue navy medium-blue skyblue cyan magenta dark-turquoise dark-pink coral light-coral orange-red salmon dark-salmon khaki dark-khaki dark-goldenrod beige olive orange violet dark-violet plum dark-plum dark-olivegreen orangered4 brown4 sienna4 orchid4 mediumpurple3 slateblue1 yellow4 sienna1 tan1 sandybrown light-salmon pink khaki1 lemonchiffon bisque honeydew slategrey seagreen antiquewhite chartreuse greenyellow gray light-gray light-grey dark-gray slategray gray0 gray10 gray20 gray30 gray40 gray50 gray60 gray70 gray80 gray90 gray100"

ColorValues = "0xffffff 0x000000 0xa0a0a0 0xff0000 0x00c000 0x0080ff 0xc000ff 0x00eeee 0xc04000 0xc8c800 0x4169e1 0xffc020 0x008040 0xc080ff 0x306080 0x8b0000 0x408000 0xff80ff 0x7fffd4 0xa52a2a 0xffff00 0x40e0d0 0x000000 0x1a1a1a 0x333333 0x4d4d4d 0x666666 0x7f7f7f 0x999999 0xb3b3b3 0xc0c0c0 0xcccccc 0xe5e5e5 0xffffff 0xf03232 0x90ee90 0xadd8e6 0xf055f0 0xe0ffff 0xeedd82 0xffb6c1 0xafeeee 0xffd700 0x00ff00 0x006400 0x00ff7f 0x228b22 0x2e8b57 0x0000ff 0x00008b 0x191970 0x000080 0x0000cd 0x87ceeb 0x00ffff 0xff00ff 0x00ced1 0xff1493 0xff7f50 0xf08080 0xff4500 0xfa8072 0xe9967a 0xf0e68c 0xbdb76b 0xb8860b 0xf5f5dc 0xa08020 0xffa500 0xee82ee 0x9400d3 0xdda0dd 0x905040 0x556b2f 0x801400 0x801414 0x804014 0x804080 0x8060c0 0x8060ff 0x808000 0xff8040 0xffa040 0xffa060 0xffa070 0xffc0c0 0xffff80 0xffffc0 0xcdb79e 0xf0fff0 0xa0b6cd 0xc1ffc1 0xcdc0b0 0x7cff40 0xa0ff20 0xbebebe 0xd3d3d3 0xd3d3d3 0xa0a0a0 0xa0b6cd 0x000000 0x1a1a1a 0x333333 0x4d4d4d 0x666666 0x7f7f7f 0x999999 0xb3b3b3 0xcccccc 0xe5e5e5 0xffffff"

myColor(c) = (idx=NaN, sum [i=1:words(ColorNames)] \
    (c eq word(ColorNames,i) ? idx=i : idx), word(ColorValues,idx))

# add transparency (alpha) a=0 to 255 or 0x00 to 0xff
myTColor(c,a) = sprintf("0x%x%s",a, myColor(c)[3:])
    
set xrange[0:2*pi]
set samples 200

plot sin(x)   w l lw 12 lc rgb myTColor("red",0xcc), \
     sin(2*x) w l lw 12 lc rgb myTColor("green",0xcc), \
     sin(3*x) w l lw 12 lc rgb myTColor("blue",0xcc)
### end of code     

结果:

enter image description here

添加:

如果您甚至不想在gnuplot脚本中使用颜色名称和颜色十六进制代码的长列表,则可以使用以下方法:从虚拟调色板中自动提取值。为此,gnuplot必须为每种颜色绘制test palette。您可以在循环之前将终端切换到set term unknown,然后将其切换回所需的终端。 我猜想从$PALETTE获取值仅适用于gnuplot> = 5.2。

代码:(结果与上面相同)

### add colors by name with transparency (without hex-color code list)
reset session

ColorNames = 'red green blue magenta yellow cyan'   # must be existing gnuplot color names

# get the color values from dummy palettes
ColorValues = ''
RGBComp(c) = int(word($PALETTE[256],c+1)*0xff)
do for [i=1:words(ColorNames)] {
    set palette defined (0 word(ColorNames,i))
    test palette
    RGB = sprintf("0x%02x%02x%02x",RGBComp(1),RGBComp(2),RGBComp(3))
    ColorValues = ColorValues." ".RGB
}

myColor(c) = (idx=NaN, sum [i=1:words(ColorNames)] \
    (c eq word(ColorNames,i) ? idx=i : idx), word(ColorValues,idx))

# add transparency (alpha) a=0 to 255 or 0x00 to 0xff
myTColor(c,a) = sprintf("0x%02x%s",a, myColor(c)[3:])
    
set xrange[0:2*pi]
set samples 200

plot sin(x)   w l lw 12 lc rgb myTColor("red",0xcc), \
     sin(2*x) w l lw 12 lc rgb myTColor("green",0xcc), \
     sin(3*x) w l lw 12 lc rgb myTColor("blue",0xcc)
### end of code