Question

asp.net MVC新手。我有一个有多个字段的表。我想构建输入规则，用户必须在Field1或Field2的下拉列表中选择一个值。如果同时为Field1和Field2选择了值，或者如果Field1或Field2都没有选定值，则用户将无法发布。

我的两难困境在于决定应该记录输入逻辑或规则的位置（Controller vs View）？据我了解，最佳做法是保持Controller简单和“瘦”，所以我将输入规则放在View中使用Razor？如果是这样，怎么样？

提前感谢您的建议。

以下是模型：

public class Order
{
    public int OrderID {get; set;} 
    public string Field1 {get; set;} 
    public string Field2 {get; set;} 
    //other properties 
}

我在Controller中使用viewbags来创建下拉列表：

// GET: Order/Create
public ActionResult Create()
{
     ViewBag.Field1 = new SelectList(db.Field1.OrderBy(x => x.Name), "Name", "Name");            
     ViewBag.Field2 = new SelectList(db.Field2.OrderBy(z => z.Clip), "Clip", "Clip");            
     return View();
}

查看：

<div class="form-group">
     @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Field1, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
     <div class="col-md-10">
         @Html.DropDownListFor(model => model.Field1, (SelectList)ViewBag.Field1, "Select one...", htmlAttributes: new { @class = "form-control" })
         @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Field1, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })                
      </div>
</div>                                                               
<div class="form-group">
     @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Field2, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
     <div class="col-md-10">
         @Html.DropDownListFor(model => model.Field2, (SelectList)ViewBag.Field2, "Select one...", htmlAttributes: new { @class = "form-control" })
         @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Field2, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })                
     </div>
 </div>

Answer 1

您可以执行以下操作。我在代码中解释了每个项目的位置：

查看：

@*put model reference here*@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" />
    <title>IndexValid9</title>
</head>
<body>
    @using (Html.BeginForm())
    {
        <table>
            <tr>
                <td>
                    @Html.DropDownListFor(m => m.SelectedA,
                new SelectList(Model.TableAList, "Value", "Text"))
                    @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.SelectedA)
                </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>
                    @Html.DropDownListFor(m => m.SelectedB,
                new SelectList(Model.TableAList, "Value", "Text"))
                    @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.SelectedB)
                </td>
            </tr>
        </table>
        <input type="submit" value="submit" />
    }
</body>
</html>

控制器型号

//You can put this in a model folder
public class FieldViewModel
{
    public FieldViewModel()
    {
        TableAList = Utilites.GetTableAList();
        TableBList = Utilites.GetTableBList();
    }

    public List<SelectListItem> TableAList { get; set; }
    public List<SelectListItem> TableBList { get; set; }
    public int SelectedA { get; set; }
    public int SelectedB { get; set; }
}

//You can put this in its own folder
public class Utilites
{
    public static List<SelectListItem> GetTableAList()
    {
        List<SelectListItem> list = new List<SelectListItem>();

        try
        {
            using (BreazEntities31 entity = new BreazEntities31())
            {
                entity.TableAs.
                    OrderBy(r => r.Text).ToList().ForEach(r => list.Add(
                    new SelectListItem { Text = r.Text, Value = r.Value.ToString() }));
            }
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        { }

        //add <select> to first item
        list.Insert(0, new SelectListItem { Text = "", Value = "" });

        return list;
    }

    public static List<SelectListItem> GetTableBList()
    {
        List<SelectListItem> list = new List<SelectListItem>();

        try
        {
            using (BreazEntities31 entity = new BreazEntities31())
            {
                entity.TableBs.
                    OrderBy(r => r.Text).ToList().ForEach(r => list.Add(
                    new SelectListItem { Text = r.Text, Value = r.Value.ToString() }));
            }
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        { }

        //add <select> to first item
        list.Insert(0, new SelectListItem { Text = "", Value = "" });

        return list;
    }
}

public class HomeController : Controller
{
    [HttpPost]
    public ActionResult IndexValid9(FieldViewModel fieldViewModel)
    {
       //put breakpoint here to see selected values from both ddl, interrogate fieldViewModel
       return View();
    }

    public ActionResult IndexValid9()
    {
        FieldViewModel fieldViewModel = new FieldViewModel();
        return View(fieldViewModel);
    }

表：

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[TableA](
    [Id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
    [Text] [varchar](20) NULL,
    [Value] [int] NULL,
 CONSTRAINT [PK_TableA] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED 
(
    [Id] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]

GO
SET ANSI_PADDING OFF
GO
/****** Object:  Table [dbo].[TableB]    Script Date: 6/27/2017 3:59:07 PM ******/
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
SET ANSI_PADDING ON
GO
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[TableB](
    [Id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
    [Text] [varchar](20) NULL,
    [Value] [int] NULL,
 CONSTRAINT [PK_TableB] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED 
(
    [Id] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]

GO
SET ANSI_PADDING OFF
GO
SET IDENTITY_INSERT [dbo].[TableA] ON 

GO
INSERT [dbo].[TableA] ([Id], [Text], [Value]) VALUES (1, N'tableaTxt', 1)
GO
INSERT [dbo].[TableA] ([Id], [Text], [Value]) VALUES (2, N'tableaTxt2', 2)
GO
SET IDENTITY_INSERT [dbo].[TableA] OFF
GO
SET IDENTITY_INSERT [dbo].[TableB] ON 

GO
INSERT [dbo].[TableB] ([Id], [Text], [Value]) VALUES (1, N'tablebTxt', 1)
GO
INSERT [dbo].[TableB] ([Id], [Text], [Value]) VALUES (2, N'tablebTxt2', 2)
GO
SET IDENTITY_INSERT [dbo].[TableB] OFF
GO

Answer 2

验证逻辑通常使用数据注释在View Model类中实现。但是，对于您的情况，您可以使用自定义验证属性，如下所示

    public class OnlyOneValueAttribute : ValidationAttribute
    {
        public string TheOtherPropertyName { get; private set; }

        public OnlyOneValueAttribute(string theOtherPropertyName)
        {
            TheOtherPropertyName = theOtherPropertyName;
        }

        protected override ValidationResult IsValid(object value, ValidationContext validationContext)
        {
            var theProperty = validationContext.ObjectType.GetProperty(validationContext.MemberName);
            var theValue = theProperty.GetValue(validationContext.ObjectInstance, null) as string;

            var theOtherProperty = validationContext.ObjectType.GetProperty(TheOtherPropertyName);
            var theOtherValue = theOtherProperty.GetValue(validationContext.ObjectInstance, null) as string;

            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(theValue) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(theOtherValue) || !string.IsNullOrEmpty(theValue) && string.IsNullOrEmpty(theOtherValue))
            {
                return ValidationResult.Success;
            }
            return new ValidationResult(ErrorMessage);
        }
    }

然后您可以在模型中使用它

    public class Order
    {
        public int OrderID { get; set; }
        [OnlyOneValue(nameof(Field2))]
        public string Field1 { get; set; }
        [OnlyOneValue(nameof(Field1))]
        public string Field2 { get; set; }
        //other properties 
    }

在您的控制器中，您可以测试您的模型状态有效性

        [HttpPost]
        public ActionResult Test(Order model)
        {
            if (ModelState.IsValid)
            {
                //OK logic
            }
            return View();
        }

但是，为了方便用户使用，我建议您查看此用例的实现。

希望这有帮助。

Answer 3

如果验证规则是业务逻辑/需求的一部分，那么它应该在后端/服务器端实现。请记住，用户可以使用postman等工具将数据发布到您的路线，从而绕过您的UI / View验证。显示/隐藏输入的Javascript / UI验证是您可以采取的额外步骤，以便您的用户更轻松。如果此验证仅发生在应用程序的某个位置，我会保持简单，愚蠢（KISS）并在控制器内部进行验证：

[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Create(OrderViewModel order)
{
    var bothFieldsAreEmpty = string.IsNullOrEmpty(order.Field1) && string.IsNullOrEmpty(order.Field2);
    var bothFieldsAreFilled = !string.IsNullOrEmpty(order.Field1) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(order.Field2);

    if (bothFieldsAreEmpty || bothFieldsAreFilled)
    {
        ModelState.AddModelError("", "Please select either Field1 or Field2, not both.");
    }
    if (ModelState.IsValid)
    {
    // Do something
    }
    return View(order);
}

如何在asp.net MVC View中确定下拉列表的选定值？

3 个答案: