假设我在Qt Designer中创建了一个ui文件,我想动态加载,然后操作小部件,例如:
example.py:
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets, uic
class MyWidget(QtWidgets.QWidget):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(MyWidget, self).__init__(parent)
uic.loadUi('example.ui', self)
# No code completion here for self.myPushButton:
self.myPushButton.clicked.connect(self.handleButtonClick)
self.show()
是否有一种标准/方便的方法可以在PyCharm(2017.1.4)中以这种方式加载的小部件启用代码完成?
目前我正在使用它(在加载ui文件后在构造函数中编写):
self.myPushButton = self.myPushButton # type: QtWidgets.QPushButton
# Code completion for myPushButton works at this point
我也想过这个,但似乎没有办法:
assert isinstance(self.myPushButton, QtWidgets.QPushButton)
# PyCharm does not even recognise myPushButton as an attribute of self at this point
最后,我还考虑过使用python存根,例如:
example.pyi:
class MyWidget(QtWidgets.QWidget):
def __init__(self):
self.myPushButton: QtWidgets.QPushButton = ...
但是,myPushButton在example.py之外的代码中被正确识别,但在example.py本身的代码中没有被正确识别,这与我想要的相反。
我也在考虑采用我的第一种方法,但所有这些行都放在一个永远不会被调用的私有方法中,例如:
example.py:
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets, uic
class MyWidget(QtWidgets.QWidget):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(MyWidget, self).__init__(parent)
uic.loadUi('example.ui', self)
# Code completion now works here for self.myPushButton:
self.myPushButton.clicked.connect(self.handleButtonClick)
self.show()
def __my_private_method_never_called():
self.myPushButton = self.myPushButton # type: QtWidgets.QPushButton
# Or even this (it should have the same effect if this
# function is never called, plus it is less verbose):
self.myPushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton()
# If I want to make sure that this is never called
# could raise an error at some point:
raise YouShouldNotHaveCalledThisError()
这似乎工作正常,它还允许我将所有类型提示代码组合在一起,与其他代码隔离。我甚至可以通过解析ui文件制作一些脚本来为我编写所有这些行。我只是想知道阅读我的代码的人是否会发现这种方法非常不正统,即使我清楚地评论为什么我要写一个技术无用的私人函数。
答案 0 :(得分:1)
如果有人感兴趣,我创建了我提到的脚本来解析.ui文件并生成存根代码,准备复制到我的类中:
<强> ui_stub_generator.py:强>
from __future__ import print_function
import os
import sys
import xml.etree.ElementTree
def generate_stubs(file):
root = xml.etree.ElementTree.parse(file).getroot()
print('Stub for file: ' + os.path.basename(file))
print()
print(' def __stubs(self):')
print(' """ This just enables code completion. It should never be called """')
for widget in root.findall('.//widget'):
name = widget.get('name')
if len(name) > 3 and name[:2] == 'ui' and name[2].isupper():
cls = widget.get('class')
print(' self.{} = QtWidgets.{}()'.format(
name, cls
))
print(' raise AssertionError("This should never be called")')
print()
def main():
for file in sys.argv[1:]:
generate_stubs(file)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
这只解析名称以'ui'开头,后跟大写字母的小部件,例如'uiMyWidget',这是我通常在Qt Designer中遵循的命名约定。通过执行此操作,将忽略由Qt Designer自动生成的名称的小部件(如果我关心这些,我会给它们一个正确的名称)。对于任何其他命名约定或其他类型的对象(例如操作),更新它应该是直截了当的。
为方便起见,我已将其设置为PyCharm中的外部工具;请参见屏幕截图here(根据需要更改路径)。这样,我只需要在项目窗口中右键单击我的ui文件,然后外部工具 - &gt;用于Qt UI文件的存根生成器,我在运行窗口中得到以下输出,可以复制:
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\python.exe D:\MyProject\bin\ui_stub_generator.py D:\MyProject\my_ui_file.ui
Stub for file: my_ui_file.ui
def __stubs(self):
""" This just enables code completion. It should never be called """
self.uiNameLabel = QtWidgets.QLabel()
self.uiOpenButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton()
self.uiSplitter = QtWidgets.QSplitter()
self.uiMyCombo = QtWidgets.QComboBox()
self.uiDeleteButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton()
raise AssertionError("This should never be called")
Process finished with exit code 0