Question

我正在构建一个非常基本的应用程序（我的第一个Django应用程序）。我希望用户在数据库中添加一本书。所以，我有一个模型可以添加一本书，以及它的名称和图像（书籍封面）。

这很好用。现在，我想上传本书的章节，一章将有多个页面，因此有多个文件（比如.pdf文件）。我为章节创建了另一个类，并通过ForeginKey链接了这个类。

我在SO，reddit和一些随机博客上查看了一些答案，所有这些都似乎已经过时，无论是旧的还是不起作用。

我正在使用我们在Django中获得的默认管理视图添加所有这些信息。我现在不确定如何解决这个问题。我不想要多个FileField，因为章节中的页面数是未知的。任何提示？

我的models.py是这样的：

from django.db import models
from django import forms

def book_upload_location(instance, filename):
    return '{}/{}'.format(instance.book_name, filename)

def book_chapter_upload_location(instance, filename):
    # /media/book_Name/Chapter_Number/
    return '{}/{}/{}'.format(instance.book.book_name, instance.chapter_number, filename)

class book(models.Model):
    book_name = models.CharField(max_length=500)
    book_description = models.TextField(max_length=4000)
    book_author = models.CharField(max_length=250)
    book_genre = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    book_image = models.FileField(upload_to=book_upload_location)

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.book_name) + " ( " + str(self.pk) + ")"

class bookChapter(models.Model):
    book = models.ForeignKey(book, on_delete=models.CASCADE) # Let's delete all the chapters related to a particular book, if book is deleted.
    chapter_title = models.CharField(max_length=1000)
    chapter_number = models.CharField(max_length=1000)
    create_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    chapter_images = models.FileField(upload_to=book_chapter_upload_location, widget=forms.ClearableFileInput(attrs={'multiple': True}))

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.book.book_name) + " - " + " C" + str(self.chapter_number)

编辑：所以，正如@neverwalkaloner建议的那样，我改变了我的代码以进行“解决方法”并且我遇到了新的错误。

AttributeError: 'bookChapterFiles' object has no attribute 'book'

我的Models.py

来自django.db导入模型来自django进口表格

def book_upload_location(instance, filename):

    return '{}/{}'.format(instance.book_name, filename)


def book_chapter_upload_location(instance, filename):

    return '{}/{}/{}'.format(instance.book.book_name, instance.chapter.chapter_number, filename)


class book(models.Model):
    book_name = models.CharField(max_length=500)
    book_description = models.TextField(max_length=4000)
    book_author = models.CharField(max_length=250)
    book_genre = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    book_image = models.FileField(upload_to=book_upload_location)

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.book_name) + " ( " + str(self.pk) + ")"


class bookChapter(models.Model):
    book = models.ForeignKey(book,
                              on_delete=models.CASCADE)  # Let's delete all the chapters related to a particular book, if book is deleted.
    print("My book : %s" % book)
    chapter_title = models.CharField(max_length=1000)
    chapter_number = models.CharField(max_length=1000)
    chapter_volume = models.CharField(max_length=1000, default=0)
    create_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)

    # chapter_images = models.FileField(upload_to=book_chapter_upload_location)

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.book.book_name) + " - " + "V" + str(self.chapter_volume) + " C" + str(self.chapter_number)


class bookChapterFiles(models.Model):
    chapter = models.ForeignKey(bookChapter, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    chapter_images = models.FileField(upload_to=book_chapter_upload_location)

我的Admin.py：

来自django.contrib import admin from books.models import book，bookChapter，bookChapterFiles

# class PageFileInline(admin.TabularInline):
#     model = bookChapter
#
#
# class PageAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
#     inlines = [PageFileInline, ]

class ChapterInline(admin.TabularInline):
    model = bookChapterFiles


class bookAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    inlines = [
        ChapterInline,
    ]


admin.site.register(bookChapter, bookAdmin)

admin.site.register(book)

Answer 1

您的属性错误似乎来自您对类和属性的命名。特别是在你的模型书中。第二章：

class bookChapter(models.Model):
book = models.ForeignKey(book, on_delete=models.CASCADE)

将图书模型的名称更改为＆＃34; Book＆＃34;而不是＆＃34; book＆＃34;。

我不确定django将如何处理您的命名约定。对我来说，这似乎是问题所在。您正在使用小写字母为您建模＃34;预订＆＃34;和你的bookChapter的属性＆＃34; book＆＃34;，并在课堂上引用它们。即使它正在工作，也会令人困惑！

改变这个：

class book(models.Model):
    book_name = models.CharField(max_length=500)
    book_description = models.TextField(max_length=4000)
    book_author = models.CharField(max_length=250)
    book_genre = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    book_image = models.FileField(upload_to=book_upload_location)

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.book_name) + " ( " + str(self.pk) + ")"


class bookChapter(models.Model):
    book = models.ForeignKey(book, on_delete=models.CASCADE)

对此：

class Book(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=500)
    description = models.TextField(max_length=4000)
    author = models.CharField(max_length=250)
    genre = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    image = models.FileField(upload_to=book_upload_location)

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.name) + " ( " + str(self.pk) + ")"


class BookChapter(models.Model):
    book = models.ForeignKey(Book, on_delete=models.CASCADE)

您应该考虑使用大写字母作为您的班级名称。你打电话给你的书模型＆＃34;预订＆＃34;，但因为它是一个课你应该叫它＆＃34; Book＆＃34;。书籍模型的属性名称也是多余的。前缀＆＃34;书_＆＃34;对于书籍类的名称，描述和作者字段，您只需键入＆＃34; book＆＃34;两次。例如：

book.book_name()

应该是：

Book.name()

Answer 2

尝试使用AdminInline。你的admin.py应该是这样的：

from django.contrib import admin
from .models import book, bookChapter

class ChapterInline(admin.TabularInline):
    model = bookChapter

class BookAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    inlines = [
        ChapterInline,
    ]

admin.site.register(book, BookAdmin)

<强>更新

我认为book_chapter_upload_location函数中存在新错误。你在那里打电话给instance.book：

return '{}/{}/{}'.format(instance.book.book_name, instance.chapter.chapter_number, filename)

但bookChapterFiles没有book属性。尝试改变它：

return '{}/{}/{}'.format(instance.chapter.book.book_name, instance.chapter.chapter_number, filename)

在Django中通过管理员和模型上传多个文件

2 个答案: