我正在尝试构建一个使用Python的gensim库2.1.0版的Docker应用程序，该库通过pip从requirements.txt文件安装。
然而，Docker似乎在安装numpy，scipy和gensim时遇到了麻烦。我搜索了错误消息，找到了遇到同样问题的其他用户，但在其他环境中。他们的许多解决方案似乎都不适用于Docker。
以下是错误消息：
<pre> Step 4 : RUN pip install -r requirements.txt
---> Running in a86d07e229d7
Collecting Flask==0.12 (from -r requirements.txt (line 1))
Downloading Flask-0.12-py2.py3-none-any.whl (82kB)
Collecting requests==2.17.3 (from -r requirements.txt (line 2))
Downloading requests-2.17.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl (87kB)
Collecting numpy==1.12.1 (from -r requirements.txt (line 3))
Downloading numpy-1.12.1.zip (4.8MB)
Collecting nltk==3.2.2 (from -r requirements.txt (line 4))
Downloading nltk-3.2.2.tar.gz (1.2MB)
Collecting scipy==0.19.0 (from -r requirements.txt (line 5))
Downloading scipy-0.19.0.zip (15.3MB)
Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
/bin/sh: svnversion: not found
/bin/sh: svnversion: not found
non-existing path in 'numpy/distutils': 'site.cfg'
Could not locate executable gfortran
Could not locate executable f95
Could not locate executable ifort
Could not locate executable ifc
Could not locate executable lf95
Could not locate executable pgfortran
Could not locate executable f90
Could not locate executable f77
Could not locate executable fort
Could not locate executable efort
Could not locate executable efc
Could not locate executable g77
Could not locate executable g95
Could not locate executable pathf95
don't know how to compile Fortran code on platform 'posix'
Running from numpy source directory.
/tmp/easy_install-ocgjhe9m/numpy-1.13.0/setup.py:367: UserWarning: Unrecognized setuptools command, proceeding with generating Cython sources and expanding templates
run_build = parse_setuppy_commands()
/tmp/easy_install-ocgjhe9m/numpy-1.13.0/numpy/distutils/system_info.py:572: UserWarning:
Atlas (http://math-atlas.sourceforge.net/) libraries not found.
Directories to search for the libraries can be specified in the
numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [atlas]) or by setting
the ATLAS environment variable.
self.calc_info()
/tmp/easy_install-ocgjhe9m/numpy-1.13.0/numpy/distutils/system_info.py:572: UserWarning:
Blas (http://www.netlib.org/blas/) libraries not found.
Directories to search for the libraries can be specified in the
numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [blas]) or by setting
the BLAS environment variable.
self.calc_info()
/tmp/easy_install-ocgjhe9m/numpy-1.13.0/numpy/distutils/system_info.py:572: UserWarning:
Blas (http://www.netlib.org/blas/) sources not found.
Directories to search for the sources can be specified in the
numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [blas_src]) or by setting
the BLAS_SRC environment variable.
self.calc_info()
/tmp/easy_install-ocgjhe9m/numpy-1.13.0/numpy/distutils/system_info.py:572: UserWarning:
Lapack (http://www.netlib.org/lapack/) libraries not found.
Directories to search for the libraries can be specified in the
numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [lapack]) or by setting
the LAPACK environment variable.
self.calc_info()
/tmp/easy_install-ocgjhe9m/numpy-1.13.0/numpy/distutils/system_info.py:572: UserWarning:
Lapack (http://www.netlib.org/lapack/) sources not found.
Directories to search for the sources can be specified in the
numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [lapack_src]) or by setting
the LAPACK_SRC environment variable.
self.calc_info()
/usr/local/lib/python3.5/distutils/dist.py:261: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'define_macros'
warnings.warn(msg)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 158, in save_modules
yield saved
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 199, in setup_context
yield
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 254, in run_setup
_execfile(setup_script, ns)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 48, in _execfile
exec(code, globals, locals)
File "/tmp/easy_install-ocgjhe9m/numpy-1.13.0/setup.py", line 392, in <module>
# higher up in this file.
File "/tmp/easy_install-ocgjhe9m/numpy-1.13.0/setup.py", line 384, in setup_package
if "--force" in sys.argv:
File "/tmp/easy_install-ocgjhe9m/numpy-1.13.0/numpy/distutils/core.py", line 169, in setup
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup
dist.run_commands()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/distutils/dist.py", line 955, in run_commands
self.run_command(cmd)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py", line 152, in run
self.run_command("egg_info")
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/tmp/easy_install-ocgjhe9m/numpy-1.13.0/numpy/distutils/command/egg_info.py", line 26, in run
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/tmp/easy_install-ocgjhe9m/numpy-1.13.0/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 148, in run
File "/tmp/easy_install-ocgjhe9m/numpy-1.13.0/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 159, in build_sources
File "/tmp/easy_install-ocgjhe9m/numpy-1.13.0/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 294, in build_library_sources
File "/tmp/easy_install-ocgjhe9m/numpy-1.13.0/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 377, in generate_sources
File "numpy/core/setup.py", line 674, in get_mathlib_info
RuntimeError: Broken toolchain: cannot link a simple C program
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
File "/tmp/pip-build-j8py_tat/scipy/setup.py", line 416, in <module>
setup_package()
File "/tmp/pip-build-j8py_tat/scipy/setup.py", line 412, in setup_package
setup(**metadata)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/distutils/core.py", line 108, in setup
_setup_distribution = dist = klass(attrs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 320, in __init__
self.fetch_build_eggs(attrs['setup_requires'])
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 377, in fetch_build_eggs
replace_conflicting=True,
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 852, in resolve
dist = best[req.key] = env.best_match(req, ws, installer)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 1124, in best_match
return self.obtain(req, installer)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 1136, in obtain
return installer(requirement)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 445, in fetch_build_egg
return cmd.easy_install(req)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 673, in easy_install
return self.install_item(spec, dist.location, tmpdir, deps)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 699, in install_item
dists = self.install_eggs(spec, download, tmpdir)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 880, in install_eggs
return self.build_and_install(setup_script, setup_base)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1119, in build_and_install
self.run_setup(setup_script, setup_base, args)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1105, in run_setup
run_setup(setup_script, args)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 257, in run_setup
raise
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/contextlib.py", line 77, in __exit__
self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 199, in setup_context
yield
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/contextlib.py", line 77, in __exit__
self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 170, in save_modules
saved_exc.resume()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 145, in resume
six.reraise(type, exc, self._tb)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/six.py", line 685, in reraise
raise value.with_traceback(tb)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 158, in save_modules
yield saved
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 199, in setup_context
yield
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 254, in run_setup
_execfile(setup_script, ns)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 48, in _execfile
exec(code, globals, locals)
File "/tmp/easy_install-ocgjhe9m/numpy-1.13.0/setup.py", line 392, in <module>
# higher up in this file.
File "/tmp/easy_install-ocgjhe9m/numpy-1.13.0/setup.py", line 384, in setup_package
if "--force" in sys.argv:
File "/tmp/easy_install-ocgjhe9m/numpy-1.13.0/numpy/distutils/core.py", line 169, in setup
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup
dist.run_commands()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/distutils/dist.py", line 955, in run_commands
self.run_command(cmd)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py", line 152, in run
self.run_command("egg_info")
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/tmp/easy_install-ocgjhe9m/numpy-1.13.0/numpy/distutils/command/egg_info.py", line 26, in run
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/tmp/easy_install-ocgjhe9m/numpy-1.13.0/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 148, in run
File "/tmp/easy_install-ocgjhe9m/numpy-1.13.0/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 159, in build_sources
File "/tmp/easy_install-ocgjhe9m/numpy-1.13.0/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 294, in build_library_sources
File "/tmp/easy_install-ocgjhe9m/numpy-1.13.0/numpy/distutils/command/build_src.py", line 377, in generate_sources
File "numpy/core/setup.py", line 674, in get_mathlib_info
RuntimeError: Broken toolchain: cannot link a simple C program
/bin/sh: gcc: not found
/bin/sh: gcc: not found
----------------------------------------
Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-j8py_tat/scipy/
Removing intermediate container a86d07e229d7
The command '/bin/sh -c pip install -r requirements.txt' returned a non-zero code: 1 </pre>
我正在使用python:3.5-alpine图片。软件包的版本为numpy==1.12.1，scipy==0.19.0和gensim==2.1.0。
答案 0 :(得分：2)
要安装numpy，scipy或gensim，需要在RUN pip install -r requirements.txt之前将以下行添加到Dockerfile中：
RUN apt-get -y install libc-dev
RUN apt-get -y install build-essential
RUN pip install -U pip
前两行安装库所需的C构建工具。 tihrd线将pip升级到最新版本。