我的数据结构有一个枚举作为键,我希望下面自动解码。这是一个错误还是一些配置问题?
import Foundation
enum AnEnum: String, Codable {
case enumValue
}
struct AStruct: Codable {
let dictionary: [AnEnum: String]
}
let jsonDict = ["dictionary": ["enumValue": "someString"]]
let data = try! JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: jsonDict, options: .prettyPrinted)
let decoder = JSONDecoder()
do {
try decoder.decode(AStruct.self, from: data)
} catch {
print(error)
}
我得到的错误就是这个,似乎把dict与数组混淆了。
typeMismatch(Swift.Array,Swift.DecodingError.Context(codingPath: [可选(__ lldb_expr_85.AStruct。(CodingKeys in _0E2FD0A9B523101D0DCD67578F72D1DD).dictionary)],debugDescription:"预计解码数组但却找到了字典。"))
答案 0 :(得分:22)
问题是Dictionary
's Codable
conformance目前只能正确处理String
和Int
个键。对于包含任何其他Key
类型的字典(其中Key
为Encodable
/ Decodable
),使用 unkeyed 容器对其进行编码和解码(JSON数组)具有交替的键值。
因此在尝试解码JSON时:
{"dictionary": {"enumValue": "someString"}}
到AStruct
,"dictionary"
键的值应该是一个数组。
所以,
let jsonDict = ["dictionary": ["enumValue", "someString"]]
会起作用,产生JSON:
{"dictionary": ["enumValue", "someString"]}
然后将被解码为:
AStruct(dictionary: [AnEnum.enumValue: "someString"])
但是,我认为Dictionary
Codable
一致性应能够正确处理任何CodingKey
符合类型{{ {1}}(Key
可以) - 因为它可以使用该密钥对带密钥的容器进行编码和解码(请{2}随意请求)。
直到实现(如果有的话),我们总是可以构建一个包装器类型来执行此操作:
AnEnum
然后像这样实现:
struct CodableDictionary<Key : Hashable, Value : Codable> : Codable where Key : CodingKey {
let decoded: [Key: Value]
init(_ decoded: [Key: Value]) {
self.decoded = decoded
}
init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
let container = try decoder.container(keyedBy: Key.self)
decoded = Dictionary(uniqueKeysWithValues:
try container.allKeys.lazy.map {
(key: $0, value: try container.decode(Value.self, forKey: $0))
}
)
}
func encode(to encoder: Encoder) throws {
var container = encoder.container(keyedBy: Key.self)
for (key, value) in decoded {
try container.encode(value, forKey: key)
}
}
}
(或只是拥有enum AnEnum : String, CodingKey {
case enumValue
}
struct AStruct: Codable {
let dictionary: [AnEnum: String]
private enum CodingKeys : CodingKey {
case dictionary
}
init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
let container = try decoder.container(keyedBy: CodingKeys.self)
dictionary = try container.decode(CodableDictionary.self, forKey: .dictionary).decoded
}
func encode(to encoder: Encoder) throws {
var container = encoder.container(keyedBy: CodingKeys.self)
try container.encode(CodableDictionary(dictionary), forKey: .dictionary)
}
}
类型的dictionary
属性,并使用自动生成的CodableDictionary<AnEnum, String>
一致性 - 然后只需说出Codable
)
现在我们可以按预期解码嵌套的JSON对象:
dictionary.decoded
虽然这一切都在说,但可以说,使用let data = """
{"dictionary": {"enumValue": "someString"}}
""".data(using: .utf8)!
let decoder = JSONDecoder()
do {
let result = try decoder.decode(AStruct.self, from: data)
print(result)
} catch {
print(error)
}
// AStruct(dictionary: [AnEnum.enumValue: "someString"])
作为关键字的字典实现的只是具有可选属性的enum
(如果您期望的话)永远存在的给定值;使其成为非可选的。)
因此,您可能只希望模型看起来像:
struct
使用您当前的JSON可以正常工作:
struct BStruct : Codable {
var enumValue: String?
}
struct AStruct: Codable {
private enum CodingKeys : String, CodingKey {
case bStruct = "dictionary"
}
let bStruct: BStruct
}
答案 1 :(得分:3)
为了解决您的问题,您可以使用以下两个Playground代码段中的一个。
Decodable
的{{1}}初始值设定项init(from:)
用法:的
import Foundation
enum AnEnum: String, Codable {
case enumValue
}
struct AStruct {
enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
case dictionary
}
enum EnumKeys: String, CodingKey {
case enumValue
}
let dictionary: [AnEnum: String]
}
extension AStruct: Decodable {
init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
let container = try decoder.container(keyedBy: CodingKeys.self)
let dictContainer = try container.nestedContainer(keyedBy: EnumKeys.self, forKey: .dictionary)
var dictionary = [AnEnum: String]()
for enumKey in dictContainer.allKeys {
guard let anEnum = AnEnum(rawValue: enumKey.rawValue) else {
let context = DecodingError.Context(codingPath: [], debugDescription: "Could not parse json key to an AnEnum object")
throw DecodingError.dataCorrupted(context)
}
let value = try dictContainer.decode(String.self, forKey: enumKey)
dictionary[anEnum] = value
}
self.dictionary = dictionary
}
}
let jsonString = """
{
"dictionary" : {
"enumValue" : "someString"
}
}
"""
let data = jsonString.data(using: String.Encoding.utf8)!
let decoder = JSONDecoder()
let aStruct = try! decoder.decode(AStruct.self, from: data)
dump(aStruct)
/*
prints:
▿ __lldb_expr_148.AStruct
▿ dictionary: 1 key/value pair
▿ (2 elements)
- key: __lldb_expr_148.AnEnum.enumValue
- value: "someString"
*/
的{{1}}方法KeyedDecodingContainerProtocol
用法:的
decode(_:forKey:)
答案 2 :(得分:0)
根据Imanou的回答,并成为超级通用。这将转换任何RawRepresentable枚举键字典。可腐烂物品中不需要其他代码。
public extension KeyedDecodingContainer
{
func decode<K, V, R>(_ type: [K:V].Type, forKey key: Key) throws -> [K:V]
where K: RawRepresentable, K: Decodable, K.RawValue == R,
V: Decodable,
R: Decodable, R: Hashable
{
let rawDictionary = try self.decode([R: V].self, forKey: key)
var dictionary = [K: V]()
for (key, value) in rawDictionary {
guard let enumKey = K(rawValue: key) else {
throw DecodingError.dataCorrupted(DecodingError.Context(codingPath: codingPath,
debugDescription: "Could not parse json key \(key) to a \(K.self) enum"))
}
dictionary[enumKey] = value
}
return dictionary
}
}