如何创建一个简单的用户界面来声明变量？
我正在研究我的第一个java项目，一个模拟中性粒细胞捕获细菌的行为（所以随机/半随机粒子行为）。在这个程序的开头我有几个变量（例如有机体的半径等），现在它们被固定在那里我硬编码的值。我想创建一个用户界面，以便在程序启动之前弹出一个屏幕，您可以在其中键入要使用的值，并使用这些值运行以进行编程。现在我使用了一个swing脚本来创建这样一个窗口，看起来有点像这样：
现在我想知道如何实现它，以便我可以获取这些文本框中使用的值并将它们分配给我的程序中的变量。 这是我指的程序：
package nanocourse;
import java.awt.Color;
import nano.*;
import java.util.Random;
import prescreen.PreScreen;
public class Exercise3_final {
public Exercise3_final() {
int xSize = 1000;
int ySize = 800;
Canvas myScreen = new Canvas(xSize, ySize);
Pen myPen = new Pen(myScreen);
Random random = new Random();
int frame=0; //how many frames have passed since start program
//properties bacterium
int xPosBacterium=random.nextInt(xSize); //random starting position of bacterium
int yPosBacterium=random.nextInt(ySize);
int K=1000; //how many points used to draw bacterium
double [] xValueBacterium = new double[K]; //
double [] yValueBacterium = new double[K];
double bacteriumRadiusInput=20;
double bacteriumRadius=bacteriumRadiusInput; //radius of bacterium
boolean bacteriumAlive=true;
//properties biomolecules
int amountBio=30000;
boolean [] bioExist = new boolean[amountBio];
int [] xPosBio = new int [amountBio];
int [] yPosBio = new int [amountBio];
int [] dXBio = new int [amountBio];
int [] dYBio = new int [amountBio];
int [] lifetimeBio = new int [amountBio];
double chanceDegrade=0.1; //chance that a biomolecule gets degraded per frame
double chanceSynthesize=100; //chance that a biomolecule gets synthesized per frame
for(int i=0;i<amountBio;i++)
{
bioExist[i]=false; //setting existing state to false
}
//properties Neutrophil
int xPosNeutrophil=random.nextInt(xSize);
int yPosNeutrophil=random.nextInt(ySize);
int L=1000;
double [] xValueNeutrophil= new double[L];
double [] yValueNeutrophil= new double[L];
double neutrophilRadius=40;
double xVector, yVector, xNormVector,yNormVector,magnitude,xSumVector,ySumVector;
double aggressiveness=1;
while(bacteriumAlive==true) //while program is running
{
frame++;
//1. Simulating a moving Bacterium
int dXBacterium=random.nextInt(11)-5; //random motion
int dYBacterium=random.nextInt(11)-5;
xPosBacterium=xPosBacterium+dXBacterium;
yPosBacterium=yPosBacterium+dYBacterium;
if(xPosBacterium<(bacteriumRadius/2+2*myPen.getSize())) //boundaries bacterium,accounting for size bacterium
{
xPosBacterium=(int)bacteriumRadius/2+2*myPen.getSize();
}
else if(xPosBacterium>xSize - (bacteriumRadius/2+2*myPen.getSize()))
{
xPosBacterium=xSize - ((int)bacteriumRadius/2+2*myPen.getSize());
}
else if(yPosBacterium<(bacteriumRadius/2+2*myPen.getSize()))
{
yPosBacterium=((int)bacteriumRadius/2+2*myPen.getSize());
}
else if(yPosBacterium>ySize - (bacteriumRadius/2+2*myPen.getSize()))
{
yPosBacterium=ySize - ((int)bacteriumRadius/2+2*myPen.getSize());
}
//2. Simulating synthesis and secretion of biomolecules by the bacterium.
for(int i=0;i<amountBio;i++)
{
double synthesizeNumber=Math.random()*100;
if(synthesizeNumber<chanceSynthesize && i==frame)
{
bioExist[frame]=true; //make the biomolecules exist
}
if(bioExist[i]==true && frame!=1) //if biomolecule exist apply motion
{
dXBio[i]=random.nextInt(41)-20;
dYBio[i]=random.nextInt(41)-20;
xPosBio[i]=xPosBio[i]+dXBio[i];
yPosBio[i]=yPosBio[i]+dYBio[i];
}
else //if biomolecule doesn't exist, make position equal bacterium position
{
xPosBio[i]=xPosBacterium;
yPosBio[i]=yPosBacterium;
}
if(xPosBio[i]>xSize) //boundaries biomolecules
{
xPosBio[i]=xSize;
}
if(xPosBio[i]<0)
{
xPosBio[i]=0;
}
if(yPosBio[i]>ySize)
{
yPosBio[i]=ySize;
}
if(yPosBio[i]<0)
{
yPosBio[i]=0;
}
if(bioExist[i]==true)
{
lifetimeBio[i]++;
double degradationNumber=Math.random()*100;
if(degradationNumber<chanceDegrade)
{
bioExist[i]=false;
}
}
if(bioExist[i]==true && lifetimeBio[i]<=100) //if biomolecule lives shorter than 100 frames==>green
{
myPen.setColor(Color.GREEN); //drawing biomolecules
myPen.setShape(Shape.CIRCLE);
myPen.setSize(5);
}
if(bioExist[i]==true && (lifetimeBio[i]>100 && lifetimeBio[i]<=500)) //if biomolecule lives 101-500 frames==>green
{
myPen.setColor(Color.yellow); //drawing biomolecules
myPen.setShape(Shape.CIRCLE);
myPen.setSize(5);
}
if(bioExist[i]==true && (lifetimeBio[i]>500 && lifetimeBio[i]<=1000)) //if biomolecule lives 501-1000 frames==>orange
{
myPen.setColor(Color.ORANGE); //drawing biomolecules
myPen.setShape(Shape.CIRCLE);
myPen.setSize(5);
}
if(bioExist[i]==true && (lifetimeBio[i]>1000 && lifetimeBio[i]<=1500)) //if biomolecule lives 1001-1500 frames==>red
{
myPen.setColor(Color.RED); //drawing biomolecules
myPen.setShape(Shape.CIRCLE);
myPen.setSize(5);
}
if(bioExist[i]==true && lifetimeBio[i]>1500) //if biomolecule lives 2001+ frames==>magenta
{
myPen.setColor(Color.magenta); //drawing biomolecules
myPen.setShape(Shape.CIRCLE);
myPen.setSize(5);
}
if(bioExist[i]==true)
{
myPen.draw(xPosBio[i],yPosBio[i]);
}
if(Math.sqrt(Math.pow(Math.abs(xPosBio[i]-xPosNeutrophil),2)+Math.pow(Math.abs(yPosBio[i]-yPosNeutrophil), 2))<neutrophilRadius)
{
bioExist[i]=false; //degrade if inside neutrophil
}
}
if(bacteriumAlive==true)
{
for(int i = 0; i <K ; i++) //defining circle, drawing points, placed here because it needs to be on top
{
xValueBacterium[i] = bacteriumRadius*Math.cos(2*Math.PI*i/K);
yValueBacterium[i] = bacteriumRadius*Math.sin(2*Math.PI*i/K);
myPen.setColor(Color.red);
myPen.setShape(Shape.CIRCLE);
myPen.setSize(5);
myPen.draw((int)xValueBacterium[i]+xPosBacterium,(int)yValueBacterium[i]+yPosBacterium);
}
}
//5. Simulating the neutrophil eating the bacteriun
xSumVector=0;
ySumVector=0;
for(int i=0;i<amountBio;i++)
{
if(Math.abs(xPosBio[i]-xPosNeutrophil)<(30+neutrophilRadius) && Math.abs(yPosBio[i]-yPosNeutrophil)<(30+neutrophilRadius) && bioExist[i]==true)
{
xVector=xPosBio[i]-xPosNeutrophil;
yVector=yPosBio[i]-yPosNeutrophil;
magnitude=Math.sqrt(Math.pow(xVector, 2)+Math.pow(yVector, 2));
xNormVector=xVector/magnitude;
yNormVector=yVector/magnitude;
xSumVector=xSumVector+xNormVector;
ySumVector=ySumVector+yNormVector;
}
}
//3. Simulating a moving neutrophil
int dXNeutrophil=random.nextInt(11)-5+(int)aggressiveness*(int)xSumVector; //random motion
int dYNeutrophil=random.nextInt(11)-5+(int)aggressiveness*(int)ySumVector;
xPosNeutrophil=xPosNeutrophil+dXNeutrophil;
yPosNeutrophil=yPosNeutrophil+dYNeutrophil;
myPen.setSize(8);
if(xPosNeutrophil<(neutrophilRadius/2+2*myPen.getSize())) //boundaries neutrophil
{
xPosNeutrophil=(int)neutrophilRadius/2+2*myPen.getSize();
}
else if(xPosNeutrophil>xSize - (neutrophilRadius/2+2*myPen.getSize()))
{
xPosNeutrophil=xSize - ((int)neutrophilRadius/2+2*myPen.getSize());
}
else if(yPosNeutrophil<(neutrophilRadius/2+2*myPen.getSize()))
{
yPosNeutrophil=((int)neutrophilRadius/2+2*myPen.getSize());
}
else if(yPosNeutrophil>ySize - (neutrophilRadius/2+2*myPen.getSize()))
{
yPosNeutrophil=ySize - ((int)neutrophilRadius/2+2*myPen.getSize());
}
for(int i = 0; i <L ; i++) //defining circle, drawing points, placed here because it needs to be on top
{
xValueNeutrophil[i] = neutrophilRadius*Math.cos(2*Math.PI*i/L);
yValueNeutrophil[i] = neutrophilRadius*Math.sin(2*Math.PI*i/L);
myPen.setColor(Color.blue);
myPen.setShape(Shape.CIRCLE);
myPen.draw((int)xValueNeutrophil[i]+xPosNeutrophil,(int)yValueNeutrophil[i]+yPosNeutrophil);
}
if(Math.abs(xPosNeutrophil-xPosBacterium)<2*bacteriumRadiusInput && Math.abs(yPosNeutrophil-yPosBacterium)<2*bacteriumRadiusInput && bacteriumRadius >=0)
{
bacteriumRadius=bacteriumRadius-1;
if(bacteriumRadius==0)
{
bacteriumAlive=false;
}
}
if(bacteriumAlive==false)
{
bacteriumAlive=true;
xPosBacterium=random.nextInt(xSize); //random starting position of bacterium
yPosBacterium=random.nextInt(ySize);
bacteriumRadius=bacteriumRadiusInput;
}
myScreen.update(); //updating/refreshing screen
myScreen.pause(10);
myScreen.clear();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Exercise3_final e = new Exercise3_final();
}
}
任何帮助将不胜感激！
2 个答案:
答案 0 :(得分：0)
听起来你需要一个动作监听器＆＃34;运行！＆＃34;对话框中的按钮：
_run.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
// set the variables here by getting the text from the inputs
field1Var = Integer.parseInt(field1Input.getText());
field2Var = Integer.parseInt(field2Input.getText());
...
}
});
答案 1 :(得分：0)
我建议创建一个单例类来保存从第一个屏幕（选项菜单屏幕）捕获的所有值。 您可以稍后在应用程序中的任何位置获取此类的实例并使用它。 优点是： - 您不必在应用程序的任何位置继承值。 - 捕获的值将持续存在，直到应用程序关闭。
注意：确保在从选项菜单中提取值时添加验证，以便不设置不正确的值。
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