添加了@VisibleForTesting
并受到保护。我的测试现在可以用这个方法:
@VisibleForTesting
protected void setupDataBinding(List<Recipe> recipeList) {
recipeAdapter = new RecipeAdapter(recipeList);
RecyclerView.LayoutManager layoutManager
= new LinearLayoutManager(getActivity(), LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL, false);
rvRecipeList.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
rvRecipeList.setAdapter(recipeAdapter);
}
使用间谍对象更新了测试用例:但是,即使我创建了一个将被调用的间谍模拟,真正的setupDataBinding(配方)也会被调用。也许我做错了。
@Test
public void testShouldGetAllRecipes() {
RecipeListView spy = Mockito.spy(fragment);
doNothing().when(spy).setupDataBinding(recipe);
fragment.displayRecipeData(recipe);
verify(recipeItemClickListener, times(1)).onRecipeItemClick();
}
我正在尝试测试Fragment
课程中的方法,如下所示。但是,我试图模拟方法来验证方法被调用正确的次数。但是,问题是我在private
上设置了setupDataBinding(...)
方法RecyclerView
。我想模仿这些调用,因为我不想在displayRecipeData(...)
上调用真实对象。我只是想验证RecyclerView
是否被调用。
我曾尝试使用间谍和setupDataBinding(...)
,但仍不确定如何执行此操作。
我试图孤立地测试片段。
VisibleForTesting
这就是我的测试方式。我添加了public class RecipeListView
extends MvpFragment<RecipeListViewContract, RecipeListPresenterImp>
implements RecipeListViewContract {
@VisibleForTesting
private void setupDataBinding(List<Recipe> recipeList) {
recipeAdapter = new RecipeAdapter(recipeList);
RecyclerView.LayoutManager layoutManager
= new LinearLayoutManager(getActivity(), LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL, false);
rvRecipeList.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
rvRecipeList.setAdapter(recipeAdapter);
}
@Override
public void displayRecipeData(List<Recipe> recipeList) {
/* Verify this get called only once */
setupDataBinding(recipeList);
recipeItemListener.onRecipeItem();
}
}
我认为可以提供的帮助。我尝试过使用间谍。
VisibleForTesting
单独测试上述内容的最佳方法是什么?
非常感谢您的任何建议。
答案 0 :(得分:4)
以防止使用实际方法:Mockito.doNothing().when(spy).onRecipeItem();
这里有最低限度的样本使用方法:
public class ExampleUnitTest {
@Test
public void testSpyObject() throws Exception {
SpyTestObject spyTestObject = new SpyTestObject();
SpyTestObject spy = Mockito.spy(spyTestObject);
Mockito.doNothing().when(spy).methodB();
spy.methodA();
Mockito.verify(spy).methodB();
}
public class SpyTestObject {
public void methodA() {
methodB();
}
public void methodB() {
throw new RuntimeException();
}
}
}
答案 1 :(得分:3)
我想模仿这些来电,因为我不想在
RecyclerView
上调用真实对象。我只想验证,setupDataBinding()
被调用。
您还没有创建足够的接缝来执行此操作。
如果您声明合同,该合同将描述&#34;设置数据绑定&#34;会发生?换句话说,如果使用方法void setupDataBinding(...)
创建接口,该怎么办?然后RecipeListView
将该接口的实例作为依赖项。因此,RecipeListView
不知道这个设置究竟会如何发生:它知道的一件事 - 他所持有的依赖关系已签署合同&#34;并承担起履行职责的责任。
通常,您会通过构造函数传递该依赖项,但因为Fragment
is a specific case,您可以在onAttach()
中获取依赖关系:
interface Setupper {
void setupDataBinding(List<Recipe> recipes, ...);
}
class RecipeListView extends ... {
Setupper setupper;
@Override public void onAttach(Context context) {
super.onAttach(context);
// Better let the Dependency Injection tool (e.g. Dagger) provide the `Setupper`
// Or initialize it here (which is not recommended)
Setupper temp = ...
initSetupper(temp);
}
void initSetupper(Setupper setupper) {
this.setupper = setupper;
}
@Override
public void displayRecipeData(List<Recipe> recipes) {
// `RecipeListView` doesn't know what exactly `Setupper` does
// it just delegates the work
setupper.setupDataBinding(recipes, ...);
recipeItemListener.onRecipeItem();
}
}
这给你带来了什么?现在你有一个接缝。现在你不依赖于实施,你依赖合同。
public class RecipeListViewTest {
@Mock Setupper setupper;
List<Recipe> recipe = ...; // initialize, no need to mock it
...
private RecipeListView fragment;
@Before
public void setup() {
MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
fragment = new RecipeListView();
fragment.initSetupper(setupper);
}
@Test
public void testShouldGetAllRecipes() {
fragment.displayRecipeData(recipes);
// You do not care what happens behind this call
// The only thing you care - is to test whether is has been executed
verify(setupper).setupDataBinding(recipe, ...);
// verify(..) is the same as verify(.., times(1))
}
}
我强烈建议Misko Hevery "Writing Testable Code"本书,其中以示例和简洁的方式说明了所有技巧(38页)。
答案 2 :(得分:1)
有一个共同的经验法则是:测试单位的作用要好得多,而不是如何进行测试。
考虑到这一点,问问自己一个问题 - 为什么我会首先嘲笑setupDataBinding
方法?它不进行任何外部调用,它只更改对象的状态。因此,测试此代码的更好方法是检查它是否以正确的方式更改状态:
@Test
public void testShouldGetAllRecipes() {
fragment.displayRecipeData(recipeList);
// Verifies whether RecipeAdapter has been initialized correctly
RecipeAdapter recipeAdapter = fragment.getRecipeAdapter();
assertNotNull(recipeAdapter);
assertSame(recipeList, recipeAdapter.getRecipeList());
// Verifies whethr RvRecipeList has been initialized correctly
RvRecipeList rvRecipeList = fragment.getRvRecipeList();
assertNotNull(rvRecipeList);
assertNotNull(rvRecipeList.getLayoutManager());
assertSame(fragment.getRecipeAdapter(), rvRecipeList.getAdapter());
}
这可能需要添加几个getter / setter来使整个事情更容易测试。