在使用游乐场以编程方式使用包含两个标签的UIStackView
时,我意识到我正在进行堆栈视图的方式以及标签不会自动计算其大小。那是我(丑陋)的代码:
import UIKit
let label1 = UILabel()
let label2 = UILabel()
let arrangedViews: [UIView] = [label1, label2]
let view = UIView(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 400, height: 400))
label1.text = "Text 1"
label2.text = "Text 2"
for case let label as UILabel in arrangedViews {
label.textColor = .white
label.sizeToFit()
}
view.backgroundColor = .black
let stackView = UIStackView(arrangedSubviews: arrangedViews)
stackView.axis = .vertical
stackView.distribution = .fill
stackView.layer.borderColor = UIColor.white.cgColor
stackView.layer.borderWidth = 1
var stackViewIdealSize = CGSize()
stackViewIdealSize.width = label1.intrinsicContentSize.width
arrangedViews.forEach{label in stackViewIdealSize.height += label.intrinsicContentSize.height}
stackView.frame.size = stackViewIdealSize
view.addSubview(stackView)
这段代码,除了做这么简单的事情之外,仍然计算大小不正确,因为我的游乐场视图是这样的:
有没有办法让UIStackView
甚至UIView
更聪明地计算理想尺寸?
答案 0 :(得分:6)
通过设置堆栈视图的borderColor
和borderWidth
,我感到很惊讶。 UIStackView
被记录为“a nonrendering subclass of UIView
; that is, it does not provide any user interface of its own.”实际上它使用CATransformLayer
作为其图层,CATransformLayer
文档说明“The CALayer
properties that are rendered by a layer are ignored, including: backgroundColor
, contents
, border style properties, stroke style properties, etc.”。
无论如何,因为它的alignment
是.fill
,堆栈视图会创建所需优先级约束,强制其排列的子视图与其自身的宽度相同。以下是这些限制:
<NSLayoutConstraint:0x60800008c210 'UISV-alignment' UILabel:0x7f821e4023d0'Text 1'.leading == UILabel:0x7f821e608ef0'Text 2'.leading (active)>
<NSLayoutConstraint:0x60800008c2b0 'UISV-alignment' UILabel:0x7f821e4023d0'Text 1'.trailing == UILabel:0x7f821e608ef0'Text 2'.trailing (active)>
<NSLayoutConstraint:0x60800008c080 'UISV-canvas-connection' UIStackView:0x7f821e40b790.leading == UILabel:0x7f821e4023d0'Text 1'.leading (active)>
<NSLayoutConstraint:0x60800008c1c0 'UISV-canvas-connection' H:[UILabel:0x7f821e4023d0'Text 1']-(0)-| (active, names: '|':UIStackView:0x7f821e40b790 )>
每个排列的子视图标签本身都有一个约束,将自己的宽度设置为其固有宽度。但是,默认情况下,此约束不必需优先级。以下是这些限制:
<NSContentSizeLayoutConstraint:0x6080000b7a00 UILabel:0x7fe385601720'Text 1'.width == 44.5 Hug:250 CompressionResistance:750 (active)>
<NSContentSizeLayoutConstraint:0x6180000abac0 UILabel:0x7fb809d0d810'Text 2'.width == 47 Hug:250 CompressionResistance:750 (active)>
此约束有两个优先级(“Hug”和“CompressionResistance”)。两者都低于要求的优先级。 (所需优先级为1000。)
在缺少其他优先级较高的约束的情况下,这些约束会使堆栈视图足够宽,以适应其最宽的排列子视图。
您省略的关键步骤是您没有设置stackView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
。由于您未将其设置为false,因此堆栈视图具有必需优先级约束,将其位置和大小设置为其现有frame
。您将其现有的frame.size.width
设置为“文本1”标签的固有宽度,但这比“文本2”标签的固有宽度窄。因此堆栈视图为自己提供了一个必需优先级宽度约束,该约束又控制了“Text 2”标签的宽度,迫使它比其固有宽度更窄,因此它会剪切其文本。这是约束:
<NSLayoutConstraint:0x60800009a6d0 'UIView-Encapsulated-Layout-Width' UIStackView:0x7fb125c059d0.width == 44.5 (active)>
通过关闭translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints
,您可以告诉堆栈视图不创建与其现有框架匹配的约束。如果然后使用约束来设置堆栈视图的位置,而不是其大小,则其他约束(如前所述)将能够设置其大小以适合其排列的子视图。
所以这就是我写游乐场的方式:
import UIKit
import PlaygroundSupport
let view = UIView(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 100, height: 100))
view.backgroundColor = #colorLiteral(red: 0.9568627477, green: 0.6588235497, blue: 0.5450980663, alpha: 1)
PlaygroundPage.current.liveView = view
let stackView = UIStackView()
stackView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
stackView.axis = .vertical
for i in 1 ... 2 {
let label = UILabel()
label.text = "Text \(i)"
label.textColor = .white
stackView.addArrangedSubview(label)
}
view.addSubview(stackView)
view.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: stackView.leadingAnchor).isActive = true
view.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: stackView.topAnchor).isActive = true
要概述堆栈视图,我们可以添加另一个视图:
let stackOutlineView = UIView()
stackOutlineView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
stackOutlineView.backgroundColor = .clear
stackOutlineView.layer.borderWidth = 1
stackOutlineView.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
view.addSubview(stackOutlineView)
stackView.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: stackOutlineView.leadingAnchor).isActive = true
stackView.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: stackOutlineView.trailingAnchor).isActive = true
stackView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: stackOutlineView.topAnchor).isActive = true
stackView.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: stackOutlineView.bottomAnchor).isActive = true
结果如下: