Question

我想根据分裂点的第二个数字向量将字符向量拆分为子字符串

vec <- "LAYRVCMTNEGHPWVSLVVQKTRLQISQDPSLNYEYLPTMGLKSFIQASLALLFGKHSQAIVENRVGGVHTVGDSGAFQLGVQFLRAWHKDARIVYIISSQKELHGLVFQDMGFTVYEYSVWDPKKLCMDPDILLNVVEQIPHGCVLVMGNIIDCKLTPSGWAKLMSM"
split.points <- c(25, 32, 55, 90, 124)

我想将split.points向量中给出的位置上面的上述字符向量切割成六个不同的子字符串。

这听起来很简单，但我知道的split命令只能使用特定的正则表达式（模式）或者使用一定长度的子串。

我将不胜感激。

Answer 1

我们可以尝试substring：

substring(
    vec,
    c(1, split.points + 1),
    c(split.points, nchar(vec))
)
# [1] "LAYRVCMTNEGHPWVSLVVQKTRLQ"                    "ISQDPSL"                                     
# [3] "NYEYLPTMGLKSFIQASLALLFG"                      "KHSQAIVENRVGGVHTVGDSGAFQLGVQFLRAWHK"         
# [5] "DARIVYIISSQKELHGLVFQDMGFTVYEYSVWDP"           "KKLCMDPDILLNVVEQIPHGCVLVMGNIIDCKLTPSGWAKLMSM"

Answer 2

另一种方法是使用read.fwf：

unlist(read.fwf(textConnection(vec), 
                widths = c(25, diff(split.points)), 
                as.is = TRUE), 
       use.names = FALSE)

给出：

[1] "LAYRVCMTNEGHPWVSLVVQKTRLQ"          
[2] "ISQDPSL"                            
[3] "NYEYLPTMGLKSFIQASLALLFG"            
[4] "KHSQAIVENRVGGVHTVGDSGAFQLGVQFLRAWHK"
[5] "DARIVYIISSQKELHGLVFQDMGFTVYEYSVWDP"

当您的角色向量来自数据文件时，我不会感到惊讶。在这种情况下，read.fwf将特别有用。一个例子：

vec2 <- "LAYRVCMTNEGHPWVSLVVQKTRLQISQDPSLNYEYLPTMGLKSFIQASLALLFGKHSQAIVENRVGGVHTVGDSGAFQLGVQFLRAWHKDARIVYIISSQKELHGLVFQDMGFTVYEYSVWDPKKLCMDPDILLNVVEQIPHGCVLVMGNIIDCKLTPSGWAKLMSM
LAYRVCMTNEGHPWVSLVVQKTRLQISQDPSLNYEYLPTMGLKSFIQASLALLFGKHSQAIVENRVGGVHTVGDSGAFQLGVQFLRAWHKDARIVYIISSQKELHGLVFQDMGFTVYEYSVWDPKKLCMDPDILLNVVEQIPHGCVLVMGNIIDCKLTPSGWAKLMSM"

read.fwf(textConnection(vec2), 
         widths = c(25, diff(split.points)), 
         as.is=TRUE)

将给出：

                         V1      V2                      V3                                  V4                                 V5
1 LAYRVCMTNEGHPWVSLVVQKTRLQ ISQDPSL NYEYLPTMGLKSFIQASLALLFG KHSQAIVENRVGGVHTVGDSGAFQLGVQFLRAWHK DARIVYIISSQKELHGLVFQDMGFTVYEYSVWDP
2 LAYRVCMTNEGHPWVSLVVQKTRLQ ISQDPSL NYEYLPTMGLKSFIQASLALLFG KHSQAIVENRVGGVHTVGDSGAFQLGVQFLRAWHK DARIVYIISSQKELHGLVFQDMGFTVYEYSVWDP

Answer 3

我们可以使用separate

中的tidyr

library(tidyverse)
data_frame(vec) %>%
      separate(vec, into = paste0('vec', 1:6), sep = split.points) %>% 
      unlist(., use.names = FALSE)
#[1] "LAYRVCMTNEGHPWVSLVVQKTRLQ"                    "ISQDPSL"                                      "NYEYLPTMGLKSFIQASLALLFG"                     
#[4] "KHSQAIVENRVGGVHTVGDSGAFQLGVQFLRAWHK"          "DARIVYIISSQKELHGLVFQDMGFTVYEYSVWDP"
#[6] "KKLCMDPDILLNVVEQIPHGCVLVMGNIIDCKLTPSGWAKLMSM"

base R选项为substr

unname(mapply(substr, vec, start = c(1, split.points+1), stop = c(split.points, nchar(vec))))
#[1] "LAYRVCMTNEGHPWVSLVVQKTRLQ"                    "ISQDPSL"                                      "NYEYLPTMGLKSFIQASLALLFG"                     
#[4] "KHSQAIVENRVGGVHTVGDSGAFQLGVQFLRAWHK"          "DARIVYIISSQKELHGLVFQDMGFTVYEYSVWDP"           "KKLCMDPDILLNVVEQIPHGCVLVMGNIIDCKLTPSGWAKLMSM"

如何基于位置的数字向量分割字符向量

3 个答案: