从我上一个问题的答案: Pointers in c++ after delete
它变得清晰,使用指针的值,指向"删除"内存(特别是复制它们)会导致c ++ 11中的undef行为,以及c ++ 14中实现定义的行为。
Antomy Williams在他的着作" C ++并发行动"建议使用引用计数的下一个无锁堆栈:
#include <atomic>
#include <memory>
template<typename T>
class lock_free_stack
{
private:
struct node;
struct counted_node_ptr
{
int external_count;
node* ptr;
};
struct node
{
std::shared_ptr<T> data;
std::atomic<int> internal_count;
counted_node_ptr next;
node(T const& data_):
data(std::make_shared<T>(data_)),
internal_count(0)
{}
};
std::atomic<counted_node_ptr> head;
void increase_head_count(counted_node_ptr& old_counter)
{
counted_node_ptr new_counter;
do
{
new_counter=old_counter;
++new_counter.external_count;
}
while(!head.compare_exchange_strong(
old_counter,new_counter,
std::memory_order_acquire,
std::memory_order_relaxed));
old_counter.external_count=new_counter.external_count;
}
public:
~lock_free_stack()
{
while(pop());
}
void push(T const& data)
{
counted_node_ptr new_node;
new_node.ptr=new node(data);
new_node.external_count=1;
new_node.ptr->next=head.load(std::memory_order_relaxed)
while(!head.compare_exchange_weak(
new_node.ptr->next,new_node,
std::memory_order_release,
std::memory_order_relaxed));
}
std::shared_ptr<T> pop()
{
counted_node_ptr old_head=
head.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
for(;;)
{
increase_head_count(old_head);
node* const ptr=old_head.ptr;
if(!ptr)
{
return std::shared_ptr<T>();
}
if(head.compare_exchange_strong(
old_head,ptr->next,std::memory_order_relaxed))
{
std::shared_ptr<T> res;
res.swap(ptr->data);
int const count_increase=old_head.external_count-2;
if(ptr->internal_count.fetch_add(
count_increase,std::memory_order_release)==-count_increase)
{
delete ptr;
}
return res;
}
else if(ptr->internal_count.fetch_add(
-1,std::memory_order_relaxed)==1)
{
ptr->internal_count.load(std::memory_order_acquire);
delete ptr;
}
}
}
};
我担心功能
void increase_head_count(counted_node_ptr& old_counter)
{
counted_node_ptr new_counter;
do
{
new_counter=old_counter;
++new_counter.external_count;
}
while(!head.compare_exchange_strong(
old_counter,new_counter,
std::memory_order_acquire,
std::memory_order_relaxed));
old_counter.external_count=new_counter.external_count;
}
看来,new_counter = old_counter;当old_counter.ptr被另一个线程删除时,可以执行。
那么,有人可以确认或拒绝,这个堆栈实现在c ++ 11中是严格错误的吗?
答案 0 :(得分:2)
我认为该实现还有其他问题: 让我们假设两个线程正在一个非空无锁堆栈上工作:
谁可以帮助检查这是否是一个真正的问题?
答案 1 :(得分:0)
这是可能的,但不是问题,因为routes.MapRoute(
name: "PreTest",
url: "{controller}/{action}/{id}",
defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }
);
routes.MapRoute(
name: "Test",
url: "{controller}/{*.}",
defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }
);
调用会检测到它并丢弃compare_exchange
。