使用Visual Basic读取INI文件

Question

我正在使用Visual Basic来读取具有常用信息的文件。具体来说，我的文件包含以下信息：

[Smith]
Name=Sam Smith
Email=sam.smith@yahoo.com
Project=Smith's Treehouse Project
Greeting=Hi Sam,

[Jones]
Name=Josh Jones
Email=josh.jones@gmail.com
Project=Jone's Second-Story Remodel
Greeting=Hi Josh,

我正在尝试将信息读入一个简单的VB命令（实际上使用Dragon Naturally Speaking，但这无关紧要）在Microsoft Outlook中发送电子邮件。我不需要写入文件，也不需要更改值。我只需要阅读信息，因此我可以通过使用列表变量将电子邮件地址发送到地址字段，将项目名称发送到主题字段等。

如何编写要从文件中读取的函数？

我花了大约4个小时在这里和其他网站上寻找答案，但我很困惑。 （我显然是VB的新手。）似乎每当我发现代码看起来很接近时，它就会使用独特的编码功能，所以我不知道它是正确的。

任何帮助表示赞赏！

Answer 1

也许不是最优雅的解决方案，但这是一个利用Regular Expressions来解析INI的类：

Imports System.IO
Imports System.Text.RegularExpressions

Public NotInheritable Class IniParser
    Private Shared SectionRegex As New Regex("\[(?<section>[^\n\[\]]+)\]\n*(?<valuelist>(.(?!\[[^\n\[\]]+\]))*)", RegexOptions.Singleline Or RegexOptions.CultureInvariant Or RegexOptions.Compiled)
    Private Shared ValueRegex As New Regex("(?<valuename>[^=\n]+)=(?<value>[^\n]*)", RegexOptions.CultureInvariant Or RegexOptions.Compiled)

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Parses an .ini-file.
    ''' </summary>
    ''' <param name="FileName">The path to the file to parse.</param>
    ''' <remarks></remarks>
    Public Shared Function ParseFile(ByVal FileName As String) As Dictionary(Of String, Dictionary(Of String, String))
        Return IniParser.Parse(File.ReadAllText(FileName))
    End Function

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Parses a text of .ini-format.
    ''' </summary>
    ''' <param name="Data">The text to parse.</param>
    ''' <remarks></remarks>
    Public Shared Function Parse(ByVal Data As String) As Dictionary(Of String, Dictionary(Of String, String))
        Dim Result As New Dictionary(Of String, Dictionary(Of String, String)) '(Section, (Value name, Value))
        Dim Sections As MatchCollection = SectionRegex.Matches(Data)

        'Iterate each section.
        For Each SectionMatch As Match In Sections
            Dim Section As New Dictionary(Of String, String)
            Dim SectionName As String = SectionMatch.Groups("section").Value
            Dim Values As MatchCollection = ValueRegex.Matches(SectionMatch.Groups("valuelist").Value)

            If Result.ContainsKey(SectionName) = True Then
                'A section by this name already exists.
                Dim i As Integer = 1

                'Append a number to the section name until a unique name is found.
                While Result.ContainsKey(SectionName & i)
                    i += 1
                End While

                Result.Add(SectionName & i, Section)
            Else
                'A section by this name does not exist.
                Result.Add(SectionName, Section)
            End If

            'Iterate each value of this section.
            For Each ValueMatch As Match In Values
                Dim ValueName As String = ValueMatch.Groups("valuename").Value
                Dim Value As String = ValueMatch.Groups("value").Value

                If Section.ContainsKey(ValueName) = True Then
                    'A value by this name already exists.
                    Dim i As Integer = 1

                    'Append a number to the value name until a unique name is found.
                    While Section.ContainsKey(ValueName & i)
                        i += 1
                    End While

                    Section.Add(ValueName & i, Value)
                Else
                    'A value by this name does not exist.
                    Section.Add(ValueName, Value)
                End If
            Next
        Next

        Return Result
    End Function
End Class

使用示例

• 一般读取值：

  Dim IniContents As Dictionary(Of String, Dictionary(Of String, String)) = IniParser.ParseFile("C:\path\to\your\file\here.ini")
  
  For Each SectionName As String In IniContents.Keys
      For Each ValueName As String In IniContents(SectionName).Keys
          Dim Value As String = IniContents(SectionName)(ValueName)
  
          '[SectionName]
          'ValueName=Value
          'ValueName=Value
          '
          'SectionName: The name of the current section (ex: Jones).
          'ValueName  : The name of the current value   (ex: Email).
          'Value      : The value of [ValueName]        (ex: josh.jones@gmail.com).
          Console.WriteLine(SectionName & ": " & ValueName & " = " & Value)
      Next
  Next
  

• 将所有内容添加到TreeView，其中节点的Tag property为值：

  Dim IniContents As Dictionary(Of String, Dictionary(Of String, String)) = IniParser.ParseFile("C:\path\to\your\file\here.ini")
  
  For Each SectionName As String In IniContents.Keys
      Dim TopNode As TreeNode = TreeView1.Nodes.Add(SectionName)
      Dim Section As Dictionary(Of String, String) = IniContents(SectionName)
  
      For Each ValueName As String In Section.Keys
          TopNode.Nodes.Add(New TreeNode(ValueName) With {.Tag = Section(ValueName)})
      Next
  Next
  

TreeView示例的屏幕截图

正则表达式模式说明

• SectionRegex：

  \[(?<section>[^\n\[\]]+)\]\n*(?<valuelist>(.(?!\[[^\n\[\]]+\]))*)
  
  \[                         => Match '['.
  (?<section>                => Start of match group "section".
      [^                     => Match any character...
          \n\[\]             => ...that is not '[', ']' or a new line...
      ]+                     => ...and match this one or more times.
  )                          => End of match group "section".
  \]                         => Match ']'.
  \n*                        => Match zero or more new lines
  (?<valuelist>              => Start of match group "valuelist".
      (                      => Start of unnamed match group.
          .                  => Match any character...
          (?!                => ...that is not followed by...
              \[[^\n\[\]]+\] => ...a section...
          )
      )*                     => ...and match this zero or more times.
  )                          => End of match group "valuelist".
  

• ValueRegex：

  (?<valuename>[^=\n]+)=(?<value>[^\n]*)
  
  (?<valuename>              => Start of match group "valuename".
      [^=\n]+                => Match one or more characters that are not '=' or a new line.
  )                          => End of match group "valuename".
  =                          => Match '='.
  (?<value>                  => Start of match group "value".
      [^\n]*                 => Match zero or more characters that are not a new line.
  )                          => End of match group "value".
  

Answer 2

Private Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click
    Dim a() As String = IO.File.ReadAllLines(iniPath)
    Dim user As String = "Jones"
    Dim data As String = "Project"

    For i = 0 To UBound(a)
        If a(i) = "[" + user + "]" Then
            For j = i To 1000
                If a(j).Contains(data) Then TextBox1.Text = a(j).Replace(data + "=", "") : Exit For
            Next
            Exit for
        End If
    Next
End Sub