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Question

这更像是一个语法问题我正在尝试编写一个可以嵌入到查询中的商店过程或函数，例如：

select * from MyBigProcOrFunction

我正在尝试定义表格函数，但我不明白如何做到这一点，因为我构建了tmp表来计算数据，然后我终于在endtable返回了。我的代码标记为：

create function FnGetCompanyIdWithCategories()
returns table
as 
return 
(
select * into a #tempTable from stuff
'
etc
'
select companyid,Company_MarketSector from #tempTables 'the returning table data
)

如果我定义了一个函数，我该如何将它作为表格返回？

Answer 1

您无法从SQL函数中访问临时表。您将需要使用表变量：

ALTER FUNCTION FnGetCompanyIdWithCategories()
RETURNS  @rtnTable TABLE 
(
    -- columns returned by the function
    ID UNIQUEIDENTIFIER NOT NULL,
    Name nvarchar(255) NOT NULL
)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @TempTable table (id uniqueidentifier, name nvarchar(255)....)

insert into @myTable 
select from your stuff

--This select returns data
insert into @rtnTable
SELECT ID, name FROM @mytable 
return
END

修改

基于对这个问题的评论，这是我的建议。您希望在另一个查询中加入过程或表值函数的结果。我会告诉你如何做到这一点然后你选择你喜欢的那个。我将使用我的一个模式中的示例代码，但您应该能够对其进行调整。两者都是可行的解决方案，首先是存储过程。

declare @table as table (id int, name nvarchar(50),templateid int,account nvarchar(50))

insert into @table
execute industry_getall

select * 
from @table 
inner join [user] 
    on account=[user].loginname

在这种情况下，您必须声明一个临时表或表变量来存储过程的结果。现在让我们来看看如果使用UDF

，你将如何做到这一点

select *
from fn_Industry_GetAll()
inner join [user] 
    on account=[user].loginname

正如您所看到的，UDF更简洁易读，并且由于您没有使用辅助临时表，因此性能稍微好一点（性能完全可以让我猜测）。

如果您要在许多其他地方重复使用您的功能/程序，我认为UDF是您的最佳选择。唯一的问题是你将不得不停止使用#Temp表并使用表变量。除非您正在为临时表编制索引，否则应该没有问题，并且由于表变量保留在内存中，因此您将使用较少的tempDb。

Answer 2

将此用作模板

SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
-- =============================================
-- Author:      <Author,,Name>
-- Create date: <Create Date,,>
-- Description: <Description,,>
-- =============================================
CREATE FUNCTION <Table_Function_Name, sysname, FunctionName> 
(
    -- Add the parameters for the function here
    <@param1, sysname, @p1> <data_type_for_param1, , int>, 
    <@param2, sysname, @p2> <data_type_for_param2, , char>
)
RETURNS 
<@Table_Variable_Name, sysname, @Table_Var> TABLE 
(
    -- Add the column definitions for the TABLE variable here
    <Column_1, sysname, c1> <Data_Type_For_Column1, , int>, 
    <Column_2, sysname, c2> <Data_Type_For_Column2, , int>
)
AS
BEGIN
    -- Fill the table variable with the rows for your result set

    RETURN 
END
GO

这将定义您的功能。然后你可以像任何其他表一样使用它：

Select * from MyFunction(Param1, Param2, etc.)

Answer 3

您需要一种称为table valued function.的特殊类型的函数。下面是一个有点冗长的示例，它为数据仓库构建日期维度。请注意定义表结构的returns子句。您可以在表格变量（在本例中为@DateHierarchy）中插入任何内容，包括构建临时表并将内容复制到其中。

if object_id ('ods.uf_DateHierarchy') is not null
    drop function ods.uf_DateHierarchy
go

create function ods.uf_DateHierarchy (
       @DateFrom datetime
      ,@DateTo   datetime
) returns @DateHierarchy table (
        DateKey           datetime
       ,DisplayDate       varchar (20)
       ,SemanticDate      datetime
       ,MonthKey          int     
       ,DisplayMonth      varchar (10)
       ,FirstDayOfMonth   datetime
       ,QuarterKey        int
       ,DisplayQuarter    varchar (10)
       ,FirstDayOfQuarter datetime
       ,YearKey           int
       ,DisplayYear       varchar (10)
       ,FirstDayOfYear    datetime
) as begin
    declare @year            int
           ,@quarter         int
           ,@month           int
           ,@day             int
           ,@m1ofqtr         int
           ,@DisplayDate     varchar (20)
           ,@DisplayQuarter  varchar (10)
           ,@DisplayMonth    varchar (10)
           ,@DisplayYear     varchar (10)
           ,@today           datetime
           ,@MonthKey        int
           ,@QuarterKey      int
           ,@YearKey         int
           ,@SemanticDate    datetime
           ,@FirstOfMonth    datetime
           ,@FirstOfQuarter  datetime
           ,@FirstOfYear     datetime
           ,@MStr            varchar (2)
           ,@QStr            varchar (2)
           ,@Ystr            varchar (4)
           ,@DStr            varchar (2)
           ,@DateStr         varchar (10)


    -- === Previous ===================================================
    -- Special placeholder date of 1/1/1800 used to denote 'previous'
    -- so that naive date calculations sort and compare in a sensible
    -- order.
    --
    insert @DateHierarchy (
         DateKey
        ,DisplayDate
        ,SemanticDate
        ,MonthKey
        ,DisplayMonth
        ,FirstDayOfMonth
        ,QuarterKey
        ,DisplayQuarter
        ,FirstDayOfQuarter
        ,YearKey
        ,DisplayYear
        ,FirstDayOfYear
    ) values (
         '1800-01-01'
        ,'Previous'
        ,'1800-01-01'
        ,180001
        ,'Prev'
        ,'1800-01-01'
        ,18001
        ,'Prev'
        ,'1800-01-01'
        ,1800
        ,'Prev'
        ,'1800-01-01'
    )

    -- === Calendar Dates =============================================
    -- These are generated from the date range specified in the input
    -- parameters.
    --
    set @today = @Datefrom
    while @today <= @DateTo begin

        set @year = datepart (yyyy, @today)
        set @month = datepart (mm, @today)
        set @day = datepart (dd, @today)
        set @quarter = case when @month in (1,2,3) then 1
                            when @month in (4,5,6) then 2
                            when @month in (7,8,9) then 3
                            when @month in (10,11,12) then 4
                        end
        set @m1ofqtr = @quarter * 3 - 2 

        set @DisplayDate = left (convert (varchar, @today, 113), 11)
        set @SemanticDate = @today
        set @MonthKey = @year * 100 + @month
        set @DisplayMonth = substring (convert (varchar, @today, 113), 4, 8)
        set @Mstr = right ('0' + convert (varchar, @month), 2)
        set @Dstr = right ('0' + convert (varchar, @day), 2)
        set @Ystr = convert (varchar, @year)
        set @DateStr = @Ystr + '-' + @Mstr + '-01'
        set @FirstOfMonth = convert (datetime, @DateStr, 120)
        set @QuarterKey = @year * 10 + @quarter
        set @DisplayQuarter = 'Q' + convert (varchar, @quarter) + ' ' +
                                    convert (varchar, @year)
        set @QStr = right ('0' + convert (varchar, @m1ofqtr), 2)   
        set @DateStr = @Ystr + '-' + @Qstr + '-01' 
        set @FirstOfQuarter = convert (datetime, @DateStr, 120)
        set @YearKey = @year
        set @DisplayYear = convert (varchar, @year)
        set @DateStr = @Ystr + '-01-01'
        set @FirstOfYear = convert (datetime, @DateStr)


        insert @DateHierarchy (
             DateKey
            ,DisplayDate
            ,SemanticDate
            ,MonthKey
            ,DisplayMonth
            ,FirstDayOfMonth
            ,QuarterKey
            ,DisplayQuarter
            ,FirstDayOfQuarter
            ,YearKey
            ,DisplayYear
            ,FirstDayOfYear
        ) values (
             @today
            ,@DisplayDate
            ,@SemanticDate
            ,@Monthkey
            ,@DisplayMonth
            ,@FirstOfMonth
            ,@QuarterKey
            ,@DisplayQuarter
            ,@FirstOfQuarter
            ,@YearKey
            ,@DisplayYear
            ,@FirstOfYear
        )

        set @today = dateadd (dd, 1, @today)
    end

    -- === Specials ===================================================
    -- 'Ongoing', 'Error' and 'Not Recorded' set two years apart to
    -- avoid accidental collisions on 'Next Year' calculations.
    --
    insert @DateHierarchy (
         DateKey
        ,DisplayDate
        ,SemanticDate
        ,MonthKey
        ,DisplayMonth
        ,FirstDayOfMonth
        ,QuarterKey
        ,DisplayQuarter
        ,FirstDayOfQuarter
        ,YearKey
        ,DisplayYear
        ,FirstDayOfYear
    ) values (
         '9000-01-01'
        ,'Ongoing'
        ,'9000-01-01'
        ,900001
        ,'Ong.'
        ,'9000-01-01'
        ,90001
        ,'Ong.'
        ,'9000-01-01'
        ,9000
        ,'Ong.'
        ,'9000-01-01'
    )

    insert @DateHierarchy (
         DateKey
        ,DisplayDate
        ,SemanticDate
        ,MonthKey
        ,DisplayMonth
        ,FirstDayOfMonth
        ,QuarterKey
        ,DisplayQuarter
        ,FirstDayOfQuarter
        ,YearKey
        ,DisplayYear
        ,FirstDayOfYear
    ) values (
         '9100-01-01'
        ,'Error'
        ,null
        ,910001
        ,'Error'
        ,null
        ,91001
        ,'Error'
        ,null
        ,9100
        ,'Err'
        ,null
    )

    insert @DateHierarchy (
         DateKey
        ,DisplayDate
        ,SemanticDate
        ,MonthKey
        ,DisplayMonth
        ,FirstDayOfMonth
        ,QuarterKey
        ,DisplayQuarter
        ,FirstDayOfQuarter
        ,YearKey
        ,DisplayYear
        ,FirstDayOfYear
    ) values (
         '9200-01-01'
        ,'Not Recorded'
        ,null
        ,920001
        ,'N/R'
        ,null
        ,92001
        ,'N/R'
        ,null
        ,9200
        ,'N/R'
        ,null
    )

    return
end

go

Answer 4

据我所知，你不需要（不应该使用）一个函数。存储过程将从包含返回表格数据的任何SELECT语句返回表格数据。

存储过程不使用RETURN语句。

 CREATE PROCEDURE name
 AS

 SELECT stuff INTO #temptbl1

 .......


 SELECT columns FROM #temptbln

tsql从函数或存储过程返回一个表

4 个答案:

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