Question

此脚本（版本1）仅在我在ISE中调试时才有效。但是如果执行它，它将不会删除oldFilesPath中的文件以将新的文件从backupPath复制到那里。我尝试了其他方式使用Remove-Item之类的管道。德尔也不会工作。现在我做了一些实验并写了第二个版本（版本2）。我将我的操作放入函数中并获得相同的意外行为。但是，如果我在两个函数之间暂停60秒，那么脚本在我的情况下运行良好。所以我认为powershell不能很好地管理执行或类似的事情......我不知道。也许你们中有人对此有解释？

版本1

function createIfDontExist ($directory) 
{
    if (-not (Test-Path -Path "$directory" -PathType Container)) {
        New-Item -Path "$directory" -ItemType directory
    }
}

#current user
$user="$env:username"

#Driveletter of the backup drive
$driveLetter="D:"

#date from today
$currentDate = Get-Date 

################################################################################################################
#if no HDD detected, error message appears                                         
$backupDrive = Test-Path "$driveLetter\"
if($backupDrive -eq $false) {
    "Backup-HDD not connected!" | Out-File "C:\Users\$user\AppData\Local\hddTest.txt"
    #"$currentDate : Backup failed!" | Out-File "C:\Users\$user\AppData\Local\outlookBackup.txt" -Append
exit
}
else {
    "Backup-HDD connected." | Out-File "C:\Users\$user\AppData\Local\hddTest.txt"
    #"$currentDate : Backup success." | Out-File "C:\Users\$user\AppData\Local\outlookBackup.txt" -Append

    #path where the .pst file is located                                             
    $sourcePath = "C:\Users\$user\Documents\Outlook\"

    #location where the .pst-file should be backed up
    $backupPath = "$driveLetter\Outlook-Backup\$user"

    #location for old .pst-file
    $oldFilesPath = "$driveLetter\Outlook-Backup\Old-Files\$user"

    #date 7 days ago
    $deleteDate = $currentDate.AddDays(-7)

    #Creates the Outlook-Backup and Old-Files-Path if they don´t exist
    createIfDontExist($backupPath)
    createIfDontExist($oldFilesPath)

    #gets non directory files from Outlook-Backup
    $filesInBackupPath = Get-ChildItem $backupPath

    #Checks if files in Backup-Path are there longer than seven days since the last backup.
    #Files older than seven days will be moved to the Old-Files-Path and replace their older copies
    $filesInBackupPath | foreach {
        if($_.CreationTime -lt $deleteDate)
        {
            if(Test-Path -Path "$oldFilesPath\$_" -PathType Leaf){
                Remove-Item -Path $oldFilesPath\$_ -Force
            }
            Move-Item $_.FullName $oldFilesPath -Force
        }

    }

    #gets non directory files from Source
    $filesInSourcePath = Get-ChildItem $sourcePath

    #Checks if Backup-Path contains same files like Source-Path and copies them possibly from Source-Path to Backup-Path
    $filesInSourcePath | foreach {
        if(-not (Test-Path -Path "$backupPath\$_" -PathType Leaf))
        {
            Copy-Item $_.FullName "$backupPath"
        }

    }
}

第2版

function createIfDontExist ($directory) 
{
    if (-not (Test-Path -Path "$directory" -PathType Container)) {
        New-Item -Path "$directory" -ItemType directory;
    }
}

#Checks if there are files in the Backup-Path which are 7 days old and deletes identically named files in the Old-Files-Path.
function removeOldFiles($folders)
{
    $backupidx = 0;
    $oldfilesidx = 1;
    $backupfolder = $folders[$backupidx];
    $oldfilesfolder = $folders[$oldfilesidx];
    ForEach ($backupFile in (Get-ChildItem -Path $backupfolder)) {
        if($backupFile.CreationTime -lt $deleteDate)
        {
            if(Test-Path -Path "$oldfilesfolder\$($backupFile.Name)" -PathType Leaf ){
                $file = Get-ChildItem -Path "$oldfilesfolder\$($backupFile.Name)";
                $file.Delete();
            }
        }
    }
    return;
}

#Checks if there are files in the Backup-Path which are 7 days old and moves them into the Old-Files-Path.
function moveBackupFilesToOldPath($folders)
{
    $backupidx = 0;
    $oldfilesidx = 1;
    $backupfolder = $folders[$backupidx];
    $oldfilesfolder = $folders[$oldfilesidx];
    ForEach ($backupFile in (Get-ChildItem -Path $backupfolder)) {
        if($backupFile.CreationTime -lt $deleteDate)
        {
            $backupFile.MoveTo("$oldfilesfolder\$($backupFile.Name)");
        }
    }
    return;
}

#Checks if Backup-Path contains same files like Source-Path and copies them possibly from Source-Path to Backup-Path.
function syncFolder($folders)
{
    $sourceidx = 0;
    $destinationidx = 1;
    $sourcefolder = $folders[$sourceidx];
    $destinationfolder = $folders[$destinationidx];
    ForEach ($sourceFile in (Get-ChildItem -Path $sourcefolder)) {
        if(-not (Test-Path -Path "$destinationfolder\$($sourceFile.Name)" -PathType Leaf))
        {
            $sourceFile.CopyTo("$destinationFolder\$($sourceFile.Name)");
        }
    }
    return;
}

#current user
$user="$env:username"

#Driveletter of the backup drive
$driveLetter="D:"

#date from today
$currentDate = Get-Date 

################################################################################################################
#if no HDD detected, error message appears                                         
$backupDrive = Test-Path "$driveLetter\"
if($backupDrive -eq $false) {
    "Backup-HDD not connected!" | Out-File "C:\Users\$user\AppData\Local\festplattenTest.txt"
    #"$currentDate : Backup failed!" | Out-File "C:\Users\$user\AppData\Local\outlookBackup.txt" -Append
    exit
}
else {
    "Backup-HDD connected." | Out-File "C:\Users\$user\AppData\Local\hddTest.txt"
    #"$currentDate : Backup success." | Out-File "C:\Users\$user\AppData\Local\outlookBackup.txt" -Append

    #path where the .pst file is located                                             
    $sourcePath = "C:\Users\$user\Documents\Outlook-Dateien";

    #location where the .pst-file should be backed up
    $backupPath = "$driveLetter\Outlook-Backup\$user";

    #location for old .pst-file
    $oldFilesPath = "$driveLetter\Outlook-Backup\Old-Files\$user";

    #date 7 days ago
    $deleteDate = $currentDate.AddDays(-7);

    #Creates the Outlook-Backup and Old-Files-Path if they don´t exist
    createIfDontExist($backupPath);
    createIfDontExist($oldFilesPath);

    removeOldFiles($backupPath, $oldFilesPath);
    Start-Sleep -Seconds 60;
    moveBackupFilesToOldPath($backupPath, $oldFilesPath);
    Start-Sleep -Seconds 60;
    syncFolder($sourcePath, $backupPath);
    return;
}

Answer 1

你的意思是实际上是在ISE中使用调试器，或者只是在ISE中运行脚本。如果是后者，您可能会在您尝试访问的目录上遇到权限问题。在ISE中运行脚本会使用您的用户凭据运行它。

Answer 2

即使在调试中，这可能如何工作？您的Test-Path命令永远不会返回true，因为

"$oldFilesPath\$_"

与

相同

D:\Outlook-Backup\Old-Files\$user\D:\Outlook-Backup\$user\<filename>

您需要将其更改为

"$oldFilesPath\$($_.Name)"

为此工作。与脚本末尾附近的"$backupPath\$_"相同。

Answer 3

我遇到了类似的问题，其中Powershell脚本在调试器中工作，或者在控制台上键入每个命令，但不是在正常运行（ISE）或调用脚本。

我意识到我正在使用一个没有时间在正常运行时执行的异步方法（这太快了）。为了测试，我在这里和那里引入了一些timeouts，代码按预期运行。

然后，这只是识别异步方法并在继续之前等待完成的问题。

Powershell脚本在调试器中工作，但在正常运行时不起作用（ISE）

3 个答案: