在图表外创建图例

Question

在我的一张图中，我使用了辅助轴。我的代码创建了两个不同的图例，并在我的图表中显示了图例。这是我的代码：

fig3 = plt.figure()
ax3 = fig3.add_subplot(111)
ax4 = fig3.add_subplot(111)

ax4 = ax3.twinx()
line6 = ax3.plot(threshold, different_costs, '-r', label = 'Costs   differences', linewidth = 2.0)
line7 = ax4.plot(threshold, costs1, '-b', label = 'Costs of Model 1 (OFF)',    linewidth = 2.0)
line9 = ax4.plot(threshold, costs2, '-y', label = 'Costs of Model 2 (STANDBY)', linewidth = 2.0)

ax3.set_xlabel("Threshold")
ax3.set_ylabel("Costs savings")
ax4.set_ylabel("Total costs")

plt.suptitle("Costs savings of using MODEL 1")
plt.legend()

plt.show()

如何使用三个标签创建一个图例？如何在图表外显示此图例？

Answer 1

在您的代码的这一部分：

line6 = ax3.plot(threshold, different_costs, '-r', label = 'Costs   differences', linewidth = 2.0)
line7 = ax4.plot(threshold, costs1, '-b', label = 'Costs of Model 1 (OFF)',    linewidth = 2.0)
line9 = ax4.plot(threshold, costs2, '-y', label = 'Costs of Model 2 (STANDBY)', linewidth = 2.0)

要将所有线条放到同一个图例上，请写下：

lns = line6 + line7 + line9
labels = [l.get_label() for l in lns]
plt.legend(lns, labels)

要将您的图例置于情节之外，请参阅此答案How to put the legend out of the plot，您可以写下：

plt.legend(lns, labels, loc='upper right', bbox_to_anchor=(0.5, -0.05))

对于一些样本数据：

fig3 = plt.figure()
ax3 = fig3.add_subplot(111)
ax4 = fig3.add_subplot(111)

ax4 = ax3.twinx()
line6 = ax3.plot(range(0,10), range(0,10), '-r', label = 'Costs   differences', linewidth = 2.0)
line7 = ax4.plot(range(10,15), range(10,15), '-b', label = 'Costs of Model 1 (OFF)',    linewidth = 2.0)
line9 = ax4.plot(range(0,5), range(0,5), '-y', label = 'Costs of Model 2 (STANDBY)', linewidth = 2.0)

ax3.set_xlabel("Threshold")
ax3.set_ylabel("Costs savings")
ax4.set_ylabel("Total costs")

plt.suptitle("Costs savings of using MODEL 1")

lns = line6 + line7 + line9
labels = [l.get_label() for l in lns]
plt.legend(lns, labels, loc='upper right', bbox_to_anchor=(0.5, -0.05))

plt.show()