我正在将我现有的应用转换为api。我的文件结构如下：
models.py
class BookDetail(models.Model):
title= models.CharField(max_length=10, default='title')
author= models.CharField(max_length=10)
series= models.CharField(max_length=10)
edition= models.CharField(max_length=10)
description= models.CharField(max_length=10)
keywords= models.CharField(max_length=10)
reading_age= models.CharField(max_length=10)
genre= models.CharField(max_length=10)
publishing_rights= models.CharField(max_length=10)
def __str__(self):
return self.title
class Addon(models.Model):
header= models.CharField(max_length=10)
footer= models.CharField(max_length=10, default='1')
additional_features = models.ForeignKey(BookDetail, related_name='additional_features',
on_delete=models.CASCADE, null=True)
def __str__(self):
return self.header
views.py
class BookDetailsList(APIView):
def get(self, request):
stocks = BookDetail.objects.all()
serializers = BookDetailsSerializer(stocks, many=True)
return Response(serializers.data)
def post(self, request):
serializer = BookDetailsSerializer(data=request.data)
print(serializer.is_valid())
if serializer.is_valid():
serializer.save()
return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
serializer.py
class AddonSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Addon
fields = ('header', 'footer')
class BookDetailsSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
additional_features = AddonSerializer(many=True)
class Meta:
model = BookDetail
fields = ('title', 'author','series', 'edition',
'description', 'keywords', 'reading_age',
'genre', 'publishing_rights','additional_features')
# fields = '__all__'
def create(self, validated_data):
additional_feature = validated_data.pop('additional_features')
book_detail = BookDetail.objects.create(**validated_data)
for a in additional_feature:
Addon.objects.create(additional_features=book_detail, **a)
# Addon.objects.create(additional_features=book_detail, **additional_feature)
return book_detail
我的输入数据是JSON格式
{
"title": "lolwa",
"author": "asd",
"series": "string",
"edition": "a",
"description": "as",
"keywords": "sd",
"reading_age": "aasd",
"genre": "adasda",
"publishing_rights": "aadasd",
"additional_features": [{"header":"head",
"footer":"foot"}]
}
这很好用。但我真正想要的不是将我的 additional_features 作为我目前正在做的列表传递，我想像这样传递它。
"additional_features": {"header":"head",
"footer":"foot"}
但是当我试图像这样传递时，我的代码会抛出错误。我在 serializer.py
中进行了以下更改class BookDetailsSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
additional_features = AddonSerializer(many=False)
# additional_features = AddonSerializer(many=True)
class Meta:
model = BookDetail
fields = ('title', 'author','series', 'edition',
'description', 'keywords', 'reading_age',
'genre', 'publishing_rights','additional_features')
# fields = '__all__'
def create(self, validated_data):
additional_feature = validated_data.pop('additional_features')
book_detail = BookDetail.objects.create(**validated_data)
# for a in additional_feature:
# Addon.objects.create(additional_features=book_detail, **a)
Addon.objects.create(additional_features=book_detail, **additional_feature)
return book_detail
使多个=错误并删除for循环。由于它们两个，** a和** additional_feature都是
OrderedDict（[（＆＃39; header＆＃39;，＆＃39; head＆＃39;），（＆＃39; footer＆＃39;，＆＃39; foot＆＃39;）]）
我没有看到它失败的原因。
这是错误的堆栈跟踪
Internal Server Error: /bookdetails/
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/argo/Django/pagination-backend/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/rest_framework/fields.py", line 444, in get_attribute
return get_attribute(instance, self.source_attrs)
File "/Users/argo/Django/pagination-backend/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/rest_framework/fields.py", line 103, in get_attribute
instance = getattr(instance, attr)
AttributeError: 'RelatedManager' object has no attribute 'header'
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/argo/Django/pagination-backend/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 149, in get_response
response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)
File "/Users/argo/Django/pagination-backend/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 147, in get_response
response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
File "/Users/argo/Django/pagination-backend/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/views/decorators/csrf.py", line 58, in wrapped_view
return view_func(*args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/argo/Django/pagination-backend/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/views/generic/base.py", line 68, in view
return self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/argo/Django/pagination-backend/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py", line 483, in dispatch
response = self.handle_exception(exc)
File "/Users/argo/Django/pagination-backend/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py", line 443, in handle_exception
self.raise_uncaught_exception(exc)
File "/Users/argo/Django/pagination-backend/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py", line 480, in dispatch
response = handler(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/argo/Django/pagination-backend/backend/publishbook/views.py", line 21, in post
return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
File "/Users/argo/Django/pagination-backend/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/rest_framework/serializers.py", line 531, in data
ret = super(Serializer, self).data
File "/Users/argo/Django/pagination-backend/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/rest_framework/serializers.py", line 262, in data
self._data = self.to_representation(self.instance)
File "/Users/argo/Django/pagination-backend/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/rest_framework/serializers.py", line 500, in to_representation
ret[field.field_name] = field.to_representation(attribute)
File "/Users/argo/Django/pagination-backend/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/rest_framework/serializers.py", line 487, in to_representation
attribute = field.get_attribute(instance)
File "/Users/argo/Django/pagination-backend/env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/rest_framework/fields.py", line 463, in get_attribute
raise type(exc)(msg)
AttributeError: Got AttributeError when attempting to get a value for field `header` on serializer `AddonSerializer`.
The serializer field might be named incorrectly and not match any attribute or key on the `RelatedManager` instance.
Original exception text was: 'RelatedManager' object has no attribute 'header'.
答案 0 :(得分：1)
从模型的结构来看，BookDetail对象可以有多个Addon实例，因为Addon模型有BookDetail的外键。
如果您想为特定的BookDetail添加多个插件，则无法在不使用列表的情况下更新插件实例。
但是，如果不是这样，那么我建议使用OneToOne关系而不是外键。 实际上，使用OneToOne字段非常难看，而只需将字段添加到父模型（BookDetail）中，如果没有，则可以默认为null。