我目前有这个想要序列化的Django模型:
class Result(models.Model):
...
routes = models.ManyToManyField(Route)
...
class Route(models.Model):
...
class Feature(models.Model):
result = models.ForeignKey(Result)
route = models.ForeignKey(Route)
description = models.TextField()
DRF序列化器看起来像:
class ResultSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
...
route = RouteSerializer(many=True, required=False)
...
class Meta:
model = Result
fields = '__all__'
class FeatureField(serializers.CharField):
"""
Accepts text in the writes and looks up the correct feature for the reads.
"""
def get_attribute(self, obj):
# We pass the object instance onto `to_representation`, not just the field attribute.
return obj
def to_representation(self, obj):
try:
search_result = self.root.child.instance
# FIXME: this is the problem.
feature = Feature.objects.get(route=obj.id, search_result=search_result)
feature = feature.description
except Feature.DoesNotExist:
feature = None
return feature
class RouteSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
description = FeatureField(required=False)
class Meta:
model = Route
fields = '__all__'
我在代码中的意思是,当我使用只有一个实例的ResultSerializer时,这是有效的,但是如果我想在列表视图中序列化多个实例,并且我将一个查询集传递给序列化程序, DRF在其上应用ListSerializer,现在self.root.instance是记录列表,我无法访问调用嵌套RouteSerializer的单个结果,因此无法检索正确的功能。
答案 0 :(得分:3)
我跳进了DRF代码,终于明白了发生了什么:
如果仅使用serializer = ResultSerializer(result)
序列化一个实例,则serializer.instance
仅包含此单个特定result
实例,并且嵌套序列化程序和字段可以使用{{1 }}
现在,如果您序列化多个实例,例如默认的self.root.instance
操作,那么实际发生的情况如下:
list
之类的通话serializer = ResultSerializer(queryset, many=True)
会从many=True
触发many_init()
方法,这会创建一个以查询集为实例的BaseSerializer
,因此ResultSerializer
为查询集。serializer.instance
扩展ListSerializer
,其实例再次是查询集。我错了认为ResultSerializer
会为查询集中的每个元素创建单独的ListSerializer
。
我最终如何解决这个问题是重写ResultSerializer
方法:
ResultSerializer.to_representation()
最后在FeatureField中使用它,如下所示:
class ResultSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
def to_representation(self, instance):
# When we call Results with many=True, the serializer.instance is a list with several records,
# we can't know which particular instance is spawning the nested serializers so we add it here.
self._instance = instance
return super(ResultSerializer, self).to_representation(instance)