单个列表中包含嵌套类别的字典

时间:2017-05-02 03:12:22

标签: python algorithm list dictionary nested

我有一个列表,其结构如下:

arr = [ ['a'],
                ['a','b'],
                ['a','x','y'],
                ['a','c'],
                    ['a','c','a'],
                    ['a','c','b'],
                        ['a','c','b','a'],
                        ['a','c','b','b'],
                ['a','d'],
            ['b'],
                ['b','c'],
                    ['b','c','a'],
                    ['b','c','b'],                  
            ['c','d'],
                ['c','d','e'],
                ['c','d','f'],
                    ['c','d','f','a'],
                    ['c','d','f','b'],
                        ['c','d','f','b','a'],
                ]

正如您将观察到列表具有一些独特元素,然后以下元素构建在唯一元素上,直到出现新的唯一元素。这些应该属于类别和子类别。所以[a],[b],['c','d']是广义的主要类别,然后在基于与上述相同的原则的子类别中还有其他子类别。理想情况下,我希望将类别和子类别作为字典。最终结果应该类似于:

{'a': ['a-b',
     'a-x-y',
     {'a-c': 
           ['a-c-a',
            {'a-c-b':
                    ['a-c-b-a', 
                     'a-c-b-b']
            }]
     }
    ],
'b' : ................
'c-d': ...............}

我也可能只使用第一级子分类并完全丢弃其余部分。在这种情况下,输出将是:

{'a': ['a-b', 'a-x-y', 'a-c', 'a-d'], 'b': ['b-c'], 'c-d': ['c-d-e', 'c-d-f']}

我已为第二个场景编写了代码,但我不确定这是否是解决此问题的有效方法:

def arrange(arr):
cat = {"-".join(arr[0]): ["-".join(arr[1])]}
main = 0
for i in range(2,len(arr)):
    l = len(arr[main])
    if arr[main] == arr[i][0:l]:
        cat["-".join(arr[main])].append("-".join(arr[i]))
    else:
        cat["-".join(arr[i])] = []
        main = i
for k,v in cat.items():
    found = True
    i = 0
    while i < len(v)-1:
        f_idx = i + 1
        while  v[i] in v[f_idx]:
            v.pop(f_idx)
        i += 1
return cat
  

输出 - :

{'a': ['a-b', 'a-x-y', 'a-c', 'a-d'], 'b': ['b-c'], 'c-d': ['c-d-e', 'c-d-f']}

请帮助我更好地编写这段代码,或者帮助我使用具有完整结构的字典,其中包含所有子分类。感谢

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

最后,我相信我所描述的是第一级子分类并完全丢弃其余部分。

诀窍是根据列表中的项目(键)何时不是后续项目(值)的子列表来创建操作。
使用相同的逻辑删除重复项。

from collections import defaultdict

#Function that compares two lists even with duplicate items
def contains_sublist(lst, sublst):
    n = len(sublst)
    return any((sublst == lst[i:i+n]) for i in xrange(len(lst)-n+1))

#Define default dict of list
aDict = defaultdict(list)
it = iter(arr)

#Format key 
key = '-'.join(next(it))
s = list(key)

# Loop that collects keys if key is not sublist else values
for l in it:
    if contains_sublist(l, s):
        aDict[key].append(l)
    else:
        key = '-'.join(l)
        s = l

#Loop to remove duplicate items based upon recurrance of sublist
it = iter(aDict.keys())
for k in it:
    dellist = []

    for s in aDict[k]:
        for l in aDict[k]:
            if l != s:
                if contains_sublist(l, s):
                    if not l in dellist:        
                        dellist.append(l)
    for l in dellist:        
        try:
            aDict[k].remove(l)
        except ValueError:
            pass

#Create final dict by concatenating list of list with '-'
finaldict = {k:[ '-'.join(i) for i in v ] for k,v in aDict.iteritems()}

结果:

Python 2.7.9 (default, Dec 10 2014, 12:24:55) [MSC v.1500 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information.
>>> ================================ RESTART ================================
>>> 
>>> finaldict
{'a': ['a-b', 'a-x-y', 'a-c', 'a-d'], 'b': ['b-c'], 'c-d': ['c-d-e', 'c-d-f']}
>>> 

答案 1 :(得分:0)

您正在描述Trie

这是一个非常基本的实现:

def make_trie(words):
   root = dict()
   for word in words:
       current_dict = root
       for letter in word:
           current_dict = current_dict.setdefault(letter, {})
       current_dict[1] = 1
   return root

trie = make_trie(arr)
print(trie)
# {'a': {1: 1, 'c': {'a': {1: 1}, 1: 1, 'b': {'a': {1: 1}, 1: 1, 'b': {1: 1}}}, 'b': {1: 1}, 'd': {1: 1}, 'x': {'y': {1: 1}}}, 'c': {'d': {1: 1, 'e': {1: 1}, 'f': {'a': {1: 1}, 1: 1, 'b': {'a': {1: 1}, 1: 1}}}}, 'b': {1: 1, 'c': {'a': {1: 1}, 1: 1, 'b': {1: 1}}}}
print(trie.get('a',{}).get('x',{}))
# {'y': {1: 1}}

这个trie只是嵌套的dicts,所以很容易迭代['a', 'x']的所有子项,或者选择所有最大深度为2的dicts。

1用于叶词:例如,如果您将['a', 'x', 'y']作为子数组,而不是['a', 'x']

Python有更完整的Trie库,例如pygtrie