依赖注入:注入NPM模块的推荐模式

时间:2017-04-27 23:47:45

标签: typescript inversifyjs

我想使用Inversify删除NPM模块上的硬依赖项,并将它们作为构造函数参数注入。在我试一试之前,这似乎要简单得多。

事实证明,大多数DefinitelyTyped模块都不需要导出接口,当它们这样做时,它们很少包含代表整个模块的接口。此外,在导出类时,我仍然必须手动为该类定义构造函数接口。

这意味着我必须为每个模块做这样的事情:

import * as ConcreteModule from 'module'
import { ContainerModule } from 'inversify'

export interface ModuleInstance {
  // copy a ton of stuff from DefinitelyTyped repo,
  // because they didn't export any interfaces
}

export interface ModuleConstructor {
  new (...args: any[]): ModuleInstance
}

export const ModuleConstructorSymbol = Symbol('ModuleConstructor')

export const ModuleContainer = new ContainerModule((bind) => {
  bind<ModuleConstructor>(ModuleConstructorSymbol).toConstantValue(ConcreteModule)
})

有没有办法简化其中一些?注入NPM模块需要很多开销,而且Inversify文档没有任何指导。管理所需的所有不同导入/导出的名称(接口,符号和容器)是一件痛苦的事情,需要提出某种一致的命名方案。似乎没有TypeScript支持从模块自动创建接口的某种方式,没有办法以理智的方式注入NPM包。

我想我可以使用jest的自动插件功能用于模块,但我真的不喜欢设计我的代码,使得它只能通过特定的测试框架进行单元测试。

如果我能做到这一点,似乎至少可以实现这一点:

import * as ConcreteModule from 'module'

export interface TheModule extends ConcreteModule {}

但是这只有在模块导出一个类(不是工厂)时才有效,但仍然没有真正帮助我构建器。

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:4)

以下示例演示如何将npm模块(lodash&amp; sequelize)注入类SomeClass

目录结构如下所示:

src/
├── entities
│   └── some_class.ts
├── index.ts
└── ioc
    ├── interfaces.ts
    ├── ioc.ts
    └── types.

/src/ioc/types.ts

const TYPES = {
    Sequelize: Symbol("Sequelize"),
    Lodash: Symbol("Lodash"),
    SomeClass: Symbol("SomeClass")
};

export { TYPES };

/src/ioc/interfaces.ts

import * as sequelize from "sequelize";
import * as _ from "lodash";

export type Sequelize = typeof sequelize;
export type Lodash = typeof _;

export interface SomeClassInterface {
    test(): void;
}

/src/ioc/ioc.ts

import { Container, ContainerModule } from "inversify";
import * as sequelize from "sequelize";
import * as _ from "lodash";
import { TYPES } from "./types";
import { Sequelize, Lodash } from "./interfaces";
import { SomeClass } from "../entities/some_class";

const thirdPartyDependencies = new ContainerModule((bind) => {
    bind<Sequelize>(TYPES.Sequelize).toConstantValue(sequelize);
    bind<Lodash>(TYPES.Lodash).toConstantValue(_);
    // ..
});

const applicationDependencies = new ContainerModule((bind) => {
    bind<SomeClass>(TYPES.SomeClass).to(SomeClass);
    // ..
});

const container = new Container();

container.load(thirdPartyDependencies, applicationDependencies);

export { container };

/src/entitites/some_class.ts

import { Container, injectable, inject } from "inversify";
import { TYPES } from "../ioc/types";
import { Lodash, Sequelize, SomeClassInterface } from "../ioc/interfaces";

@injectable()
class SomeClass implements SomeClassInterface {

    private _lodash: Lodash;
    private _sequelize: Sequelize;

    public constructor(
        @inject(TYPES.Lodash) lodash,
        @inject(TYPES.Sequelize) sequelize,
    ) {
        this._sequelize = sequelize;
        this._lodash = lodash;
    }

    public test() {
        const sequelizeWasInjected = typeof this._sequelize.BIGINT === "function";
        const lodashWasInjected = this._lodash.cloneDeep === "function";
        console.log(sequelizeWasInjected); // true
        console.log(lodashWasInjected); // true
    }

}

export { SomeClass };

/src/index.ts

import "reflect-metadata";
import { container } from "./ioc/ioc";
import { SomeClassInterface } from "./ioc/interfaces";
import { TYPES } from "./ioc/types";

const someClassInstance = container.get<SomeClassInterface>(TYPES.SomeClass);
someClassInstance.test();

/package.json

{
  "name": "test",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "description": "",
  "main": "index.js",
  "scripts": {
    "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1"
  },
  "keywords": [],
  "author": "",
  "license": "ISC",
  "dependencies": {
    "inversify": "^4.1.0",
    "lodash": "^4.17.4",
    "reflect-metadata": "^0.1.10",
    "sequelize": "^3.30.4"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@types/lodash": "^4.14.63",
    "@types/sequelize": "^4.0.51"
  }
}

/tsconfig.json

{
    "compilerOptions": {
        "target": "es5",
        "lib": ["es6", "dom"],
        "types": ["reflect-metadata"],
        "module": "commonjs",
        "moduleResolution": "node",
        "experimentalDecorators": true,
        "emitDecoratorMetadata": true
    }
}

此示例现在可在inversify docs中找到。

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