我在Python 2.7中有这样的代码：
class App(ttk.frame):
def __init__(self, master=None):
ttk.Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.grid()
self.createWidgets()
def createWidgets(self):
self.okButton = ttk.Button(self, text = "OK", command = self.function2)
self.okButton.grid(column = 1, row = 1)
def function1(self, arg1, arg2): # function create fields in frame
self.arg1 = arg1
self.arg2 = arg2
def function2(self): #function calcule things with values of fields when Ok button is click
doing_thing_to(x, y, z, w)
app = App()
app.function1("x", "y") # Create first field
app.function1("z", "w") # Create another field
mainloop()
当function2正在调用时，我有一条错误消息：全局名称x，y未定义。
我试着把
x.get(); y.get()
但是有相同的错误。
我试着把
return arg1, arg2
但是有同样的问题。
如何在类中的另一个函数中调用函数的结果？
编辑：完整代码，因为我不知道如何简化理解:( function champ et champdouble有function1角色和函数回调有function2角色。#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from os import getcwd, path
import Tkinter as tk
from Tkinter import *
import tkFileDialog as filedialog
import shutil
import ttk
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib
matplotlib.style.use('ggplot')
wd = getcwd() # working directory
class Application(ttk.Frame):
def __init__(self, master=None):
ttk.Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.grid()
self.createWidgets()
def createWidgets(self):
self.quitButton = ttk.Button(self, text='Quitter', command=self.quit)
self.quitButton.grid(column=5, row=10, sticky=W)
self.okButton = ttk.Button(self, text="clic !", command=self.callback)
self.okButton.grid(column=4, row=10, sticky=W)
def champ(self, nom, defaut, col, ran, lab, collab, ranlab, largeur=7):
self.nom = nom
self.defaut = defaut
self.col = col
self.ran = ran
self.lab = lab
self.collab = collab
self.ranlab = ranlab
self.largeur = largeur
self.nom = StringVar()
nom = ttk.Entry(mainframe, width=largeur, textvariable=nom)
nom.insert(0, defaut)
if nom.bind('<FocusIn>'):
nom.delete(0, "end")
nom.grid(column=col, row=ran, sticky=W)
ttk.Label(mainframe, text=lab).grid(column=collab, row=ranlab, sticky=E)
def champdouble(self, nom1, defaut1, nom2, defaut2, col, ran, lab, lab2, collab, ranlab, largeur=7):
self.nom1 = nom1
self.defaut1 = defaut1
self.nom2 = nom2
self.defaut2 = defaut2
self.col = col
self.ran = ran
self.lab = lab
self.lab2 = lab2
self.collab = collab
self.ranlab = ranlab
self.largeur = largeur
nom1 = StringVar()
nom1 = ttk.Entry(mainframe, width=largeur, textvariable=nom1)
nom1.insert(0, defaut1)
nom1.grid(column=col, row=ran, sticky=W)
ttk.Label(mainframe, text=lab).grid(column=collab, row=ranlab, sticky=E)
nom2 = StringVar()
nom2 = ttk.Entry(mainframe, width=largeur, textvariable=nom2)
nom2.insert(0, defaut2)
nom2.grid(column=col+2, row=ran, sticky=W)
ttk.Label(mainframe, text=lab2).grid(column=collab+2, row=ranlab, sticky=E)
def on_entry_click(self, event):
"""function that gets called whenever entry is clicked"""
global dirname
if file1.get() == 'Choisissez un fichier...':
file1.delete(0, "end") # delete all the text in the entry
dirinit = r'C:/'
dirname = filedialog.askopenfilename(parent=mainframe, initialdir=dirinit, title='Sélectionnez le fichier')
file1.insert(0, dirname) #Insert blank for user input
def on_entry_click1(self, event):
"""function that gets called whenever entry is clicked"""
global dirname2
if file2.get() == 'Choisissez un fichier...':
file2.delete(0, "end") # delete all the text in the entry
dirinit = r'C:/'
dirname2 = filedialog.askopenfilename(parent=mainframe, initialdir=dirinit, title='Sélectionnez le fichier')
file2.insert(0, dirname2) #Insert blank for user input
def callback(self):
def traitement(fichier, debut, nif):
deb = int(debut.get())
fin = int(nif.get())
df = pd.read_csv(fichier, sep = '\t', engine = 'python', header = deb, skipfooter = fin) # Lecture des fichiers
df = df.rename(columns={'$Relations :NumZoneE': 'NumZoneE'}) # Renommage des entêtes de colonnes
df = df[(df.NumZoneE != df.NumZoneA)] # supression des intrazonaux
df = df[(df.NumZoneE <= 1289)] # supression des zones superieures a 1289
df = df[(df.NumZoneA <= 1289)]
df['OD_possible']=np.where(df['JRTA'] < 999999, 'oui', 'non') # creation d'une colonne OD_possible
df = pd.merge(df, dvol, on = ['NumZoneE', 'NumZoneA']) # jointure des tables avec dvol
dfg = df.groupby('OD_possible') # groupage selon oui ou non
return dfg
# Chemin d'acces vers les fichiers à traiter
dvol = r'c:\ceat_echange\1704_Test_maj_horaire_RERD_Sc2012\090721_DVOL_km.txt'
# Traitement de dvol
dvol = pd.read_csv(dvol, sep = '\t') # Lecture
dvol = dvol.rename(columns = {'ZONEO': 'NumZoneE', 'ZONED': 'NumZoneA'}) # Renommage entete
dvol = dvol[(dvol.DVOL != 0)] # Suppression intrazonaux
fig = plt.figure()
gss_oui = traitement(dirname, file1_deb, file1_fin).get_group('oui')
gss_non = traitement(dirname, file1_deb, file1_fin).get_group('non')
gac_oui = traitement(dirname2, file2_deb, file2_fin).get_group('oui')
gac_non = traitement(dirname2, file2_deb, file2_fin).get_group('non')
plt.hist([gss_oui[self.cettecolonne], gac_oui[self.cettecolonne]], range = (int(self.range1), int(self.range2)), bins = int(self.bins), label = [self.legend1l, self.legend2l])
plt.legend(loc = 'best')
plt.title(self.titre)
plt.xlabel(self.axeXl, labelpad = 5)
plt.ylabel(self.axeYl)
plt.savefig(path.join(wd, self.sortiel))
plt.show()
plt.close()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = Application()
style = ttk.Style()
style.configure("BW.TEntry", foreground="grey", background="white")
style.configure("BW1.TEntry", foreground="black", background="white")
app.master.title('Comparaison de fichiers')
mainframe = ttk.Frame(app, padding="3 3 12 12")
mainframe.grid(column=0, row=0, sticky=(N, W, E, S))
mainframe.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
mainframe.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
# construction du champ file1
file1 = StringVar()
file1_deb = StringVar()
file1_fin = StringVar()
file1 = ttk.Entry(mainframe, width=20, style="BW.TEntry")
file1.insert(0, 'Choisissez un fichier...')
file1.grid(column=2, row=1, sticky=W)
file1.bind('<FocusIn>', app.on_entry_click)
ttk.Label(mainframe, text="Fichier n° 1 : ").grid(column=1, row=1, sticky=E)
file1_deb = ttk.Entry(mainframe, width=5, textvariable=file1_deb)
file1_deb.insert(0, "26")
file1_deb.grid(column=4, row=1, sticky=W)
ttk.Label(mainframe, text="ligne de début").grid(column=3, row=1, sticky=E)
file1_fin = ttk.Entry(mainframe, width=5, textvariable=file1_fin)
file1_fin.insert(0, "1307")
file1_fin.grid(column=6, row=1, sticky=W)
ttk.Label(mainframe, text="lignes de fin à supprimer").grid(column=5, row=1, sticky=E)
# construction du champ file2
file2 = StringVar()
file2_deb = StringVar()
file2_fin = StringVar()
file2 = ttk.Entry(mainframe, width=20, style="BW.TEntry")
file2.insert(0, 'Choisissez un fichier...')
file2.grid(column=2, row=2, sticky=W)
file2.bind('<FocusIn>', app.on_entry_click1)
ttk.Label(mainframe, text="Fichier n° 2 : ").grid(column=1, row=2, sticky=E)
file2_deb = ttk.Entry(mainframe, width=5, textvariable=file2_deb)
file2_deb.insert(0, "26")
file2_deb.grid(column=4, row=2, sticky=W)
ttk.Label(mainframe, text="ligne de début").grid(column=3, row=2, sticky=E)
file2_fin = ttk.Entry(mainframe, width=5, textvariable=file2_fin)
file2_fin.insert(0, "1307")
file2_fin.grid(column=6, row=2, sticky=W)
ttk.Label(mainframe, text="lignes de fin à supprimer").grid(column=5, row=2, sticky=E)
app.champ("cettecolonne", "JRTA", 2, 3, "Champ à comparer :", 1, 3, 20)
app.champ("titre", "Titre du graphique", 2, 4, "Titre du graphique :", 1, 4, 20)
app.champdouble("range1", 0, "range2", 100, 2, 5, "Xmin :", "Xmax :", 1, 5)
app.champ("bins", 20, 2, 6, "Nombre d'intervalle :", 1, 6, 5)
app.champdouble("legend1", "file1", "legend2", "file2", 2, 7, "Légende du fichier n°1 :", "Légende du fichier n°2 :", 1, 7, 20)
app.champ("axeX", "Axe des X", 2, 8, "Nom de l'axe des x :", 1, 8, 20)
app.champ("axeY", "Axe des Y", 2, 9, "Nom de l'axe des y :", 1, 9, 20)
app.champ("sortie", "image.png", 2, 10, "Nom du .png sauvegardé :", 1, 10, 20)
for child in mainframe.winfo_children(): child.grid_configure(padx=5, pady=5)
mainloop()
答案 0 :(得分：2)
您将值"x"和"y"保存到self.arg1中的self.arg2和function1()，因此您必须通过{{1}中的名称来引用它们还有：
function2()请注意，由于您正在使用某个类，因此必须首先使用class App(Object)
def function1(self, arg1, arg2):
self.arg1 = arg1
self.arg2 = arg2
def function2(self):
print(self.arg1, self.arg2)
app = App()
app.function1("x", "y")
app.function2()
创建实例（我将您的app = App()类重命名为app，它是一个好主意用大写字母启动类名。
此时最好使用Python的“魔法”App，它允许您在创建实例时将它们传递给实例，而不是调用单独的__init__：
function1()