Shell脚本使用ls递归打印完整目录树

时间:2017-04-25 22:13:24

标签: linux bash shell awk grep

作业:我必须使用diff和sort创建一个shell脚本,使用ls -l,grep'^ d'和awk'{print $ 9}'创建一个管道来打印一个完整的目录树。

我写了一个C程序来显示我要找的东西。这是输出:

ryan@chrx:~/Documents/OS-Projects/Project5_DirectoryTree$ ./a.out 
TestRoot/
[Folder1]
  [FolderC]
  [FolderB]
  [FolderA]
[Folder2]
  [FolderD]
  [FolderF]
  [FolderE]
[Folder3]
  [FolderI]
  [FolderG]
  [FolderH]

到目前为止我写了这个:

ls -R -l $1 | grep '^d' | awk '{print $9}' 

打印目录树,但现在我需要一种按文件夹深度排序的方法,可能是缩进但不是必需的。有什么建议?我不能使用find或tree命令。

编辑:原始作业&限制被误解并在以后更改。如果您忽略这些限制,目前的答案是很好的解决方案,所以请留给任何有类似问题的人。至于任何人想知道的新任务。我是以递归方式打印所有子目录,对它们进行排序,然后将它们与我的程序进行比较,以确保它们具有相似的结果。这是我的解决方案:

#!/bin/bash
echo Program:
./a.out $1 | sort
echo Shell Script:
ls -R -l $1 | grep '^d' | awk '{print $9}' | sort

diff <(./a.out $1 | sort) <(ls -R -l $1 | grep '^d' | awk '{print $9}' | sort)
DIFF=$?

if [[ $DIFF -eq 0 ]]
then
    echo "The outputs are similar!"
fi

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

您不需要lsgrepawk来获取树。简单的递归bash函数将是enouh,如:

#!/bin/bash
walk() {
        local indent="${2:-0}"
        printf "%*s%s\n" $indent '' "$1"
        for entry in "$1"/*; do
                [[ -d "$entry" ]] && walk "$entry" $((indent+4))
        done
}
walk "$1"

如果您将其作为bash script.sh /etc运行,它将打印目录树,如:

/etc
    /etc/apache2
        /etc/apache2/extra
        /etc/apache2/original
            /etc/apache2/original/extra
        /etc/apache2/other
        /etc/apache2/users
    /etc/asl
    /etc/cups
        /etc/cups/certs
        /etc/cups/interfaces
        /etc/cups/ppd
    /etc/defaults
    /etc/emond.d
        /etc/emond.d/rules
    /etc/mach_init.d
    /etc/mach_init_per_login_session.d
    /etc/mach_init_per_user.d
    /etc/manpaths.d
    /etc/newsyslog.d
    /etc/openldap
        /etc/openldap/schema
    /etc/pam.d
    /etc/paths.d
    /etc/periodic
        /etc/periodic/daily
        /etc/periodic/monthly
        /etc/periodic/weekly
    /etc/pf.anchors
    /etc/postfix
        /etc/postfix/postfix-files.d
    /etc/ppp
    /etc/racoon
    /etc/security
    /etc/snmp
    /etc/ssh
    /etc/ssl
        /etc/ssl/certs
    /etc/sudoers.d

答案 1 :(得分:1)

借用@ jm666在/ etc上运行它的想法:

$ find /etc -type d -print | awk -F'/' '{printf "%*s[%s]\n", 4*(NF-2), "", $0}'
[/etc]
    [/etc/alternatives]
    [/etc/bash_completion.d]
    [/etc/defaults]
        [/etc/defaults/etc]
            [/etc/defaults/etc/pki]
                [/etc/defaults/etc/pki/ca-trust]
                [/etc/defaults/etc/pki/nssdb]
            [/etc/defaults/etc/profile.d]
            [/etc/defaults/etc/skel]
    [/etc/fonts]
        [/etc/fonts/conf.d]
    [/etc/fstab.d]
    [/etc/ImageMagick]
    [/etc/ImageMagick-6]
    [/etc/pango]
    [/etc/pkcs11]
    [/etc/pki]
        [/etc/pki/ca-trust]
            [/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted]
                [/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/java]
                [/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/openssl]
                [/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem]
            [/etc/pki/ca-trust/source]
                [/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors]
                [/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/blacklist]
        [/etc/pki/nssdb]
        [/etc/pki/tls]
    [/etc/postinstall]
    [/etc/preremove]
    [/etc/profile.d]
    [/etc/sasl2]
    [/etc/setup]
    [/etc/skel]
    [/etc/ssl]
    [/etc/texmf]
        [/etc/texmf/tlmgr]
        [/etc/texmf/web2c]
    [/etc/xml]

抱歉,我找不到合理的方法来使用您提到的其他工具,因此它可能对您没有帮助,但也许它可以帮助其他人解决相同的问题但不需要使用特定的工具。