如何使用 std :: get<> 使用变量索引元组?我有以下代码:
#include <iostream>
#include <tuple>
using namespace std;
int main() {
tuple<int, int> data(5, 10);
for (int i=0; i<2; i++) {
cout << "#" << i+1 << ":" << get<i>(data) << endl;
}
return 0;
}
并且因以下编译器错误而失败:
prog.cpp: In function 'int main()':
prog.cpp:10:39: error: the value of 'i' is not usable in a constant expression
cout << "#" << i+1 << ":" << get<i>(data) << endl;
^
prog.cpp:9:11: note: 'int i' is not const
for (int i=0; i<2; i++) {
^
prog.cpp:10:46: error: no matching function for call to
'get(std::tuple<int, int>&)'
cout << "#" << i+1 << ":" << get<i>(data) << endl;
^
prog.cpp:10:46: note: candidates are:
In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.9/tuple:38:0,
from prog.cpp:2:
/usr/include/c++/4.9/utility:143:5: note: template<unsigned int _Int,
class _Tp1, class _Tp2> constexpr typename std::tuple_element<_Int,
std::pair<_Tp1, _Tp2> >::type& std::get(std::pair<_Tp1, _Tp2>&)
get(std::pair<_Tp1, _Tp2>& __in) noexcept
^
/usr/include/c++/4.9/utility:143:5: note: template argument
deduction/substitution failed:
prog.cpp:10:46: error: the value of 'i' is not usable in a constant
expression
cout << "#" << i+1 << ":" << get<i>(data) << endl;
^
prog.cpp:9:11: note: 'int i' is not const
for (int i=0; i<2; i++) {
^
prog.cpp:10:46: note: in template argument for type 'unsigned int'
cout << "#" << i+1 << ":" << get<i>(data) << endl;
^
In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.9/tuple:38:0,
from prog.cpp:2:
/usr/include/c++/4.9/utility:148:5: note: template<unsigned int _Int,
class _Tp1, class _Tp2> constexpr typename std::tuple_element<_Int,
std::pair<_Tp1, _Tp2> >::type&& std::get(std::pair<_Tp1, _Tp2>&&)
get(std::pair<_Tp1, _Tp2>&& __in) noexcept
^
/usr/include/c++/4.9/utility:148:5: note: template argument
deduction/substitution failed:
prog.cpp:10:46: error: the value of 'i' is not usable in a constant
expression
cout << "#" << i+1 << ":" << get<i>(data) << endl;
^
prog.cpp:9:11: note: 'int i' is not const
for (int i=0; i<2; i++) {
^
prog.cpp:10:46: note: in template argument for type 'unsigned int'
cout << "#" << i+1 << ":" << get<i>(data) << endl;
^
In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.9/tuple:38:0,
from prog.cpp:2:
/usr/include/c++/4.9/utility:153:5: note: template<unsigned int _Int,
class _Tp1, class _Tp2> constexpr const typename
std::tuple_element<_Int, std::pair<_Tp1, _Tp2> >::type& std::get(const
std::pair<_Tp1, _Tp2>&)
get(const std::pair<_Tp1, _Tp2>& __in) noexcept
^
/usr/include/c++/4.9/utility:153:5: note: template argument
deduction/substitution failed:
prog.cpp:10:46: error: the value of 'i' is not usable in a constant
expression
cout << "#" << i+1 << ":" << get<i>(data) << endl;
^
prog.cpp:9:11: note: 'int i' is not const
for (int i=0; i<2; i++) {
^
prog.cpp:10:46: note: in template argument for type 'unsigned int'
cout << "#" << i+1 << ":" << get<i>(data) << endl;
^
In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.9/tuple:38:0,
from prog.cpp:2:
/usr/include/c++/4.9/utility:162:5: note: template<class _Tp, class
_Up> constexpr _Tp& std::get(std::pair<_T1, _T2>&)
get(pair<_Tp, _Up>& __p) noexcept
我实际上截断了编译器错误消息,因为我认为它并没有超出这一点。知道如何做到这一点吗?
只是澄清一下,使用array
类型并不是一个真正的选择。我必须使用tuple
因为它是来自第三方库的API的返回类型。上面的例子只是为了让它易于理解。
答案 0 :(得分:5)
如何使用变量使用std :: get&lt;&gt;索引到元组?
你没有,std::get<>
参数值必须在编译时知道。
知道如何做到这一点吗?
是的,请使用正确的类型:
int main() {
std::array<int, 2> data{ 5, 10 };
for (int i=0; i<2; i++) {
cout << "#" << i+1 << ":" << data[i] << endl;
}
return 0;
}
答案 1 :(得分:3)
知道如何做到这一点吗?
使用编译时常量来访问std::tuple
。
cout << "#" << 1 << ":" << get<0>(data) << endl;
cout << "#" << 2 << ":" << get<1>(data) << endl;
使用容器类型,其元素可以在运行时使用索引进行访问。
std::vector<int> data{5, 10};
或
std::array<int, 2> data{5, 10};
答案 2 :(得分:2)
您应该采用的可能答案是使用数组,向量或其他类型的索引容器。
如果元组元素不是同类型的,并且您确实需要对该案例进行答案,那么它有点复杂。这是因为需要在编译时知道类型。所以你认为你可以做std::cout << get_from_tuple(a_tuple, index)
,你可以像你想象的那样轻松工作,因为在编译时选择了将对象发送到标准输出流的operator<<
重载时间。显然,这意味着索引必须在编译时知道 - 否则我们无法知道元组元素的类型。
但是,可以构建一个模板函数,实际上可以实现这种行为。编译时,最终结果是一个条件树,它能够处理元组中的每个元素,但我们请求编译器帮助我们构建该条件树。
我将在这里构建的是一个函数,给定一个元组,索引和仿函数,它将调用该仿函数,转发该特定元组项,然后返回true。如果索引超出范围,则返回false。
如果无法使用元组中的每个元素调用仿函数,则模板函数将无法实例化。
final solution看起来像这样:
#include <tuple>
#include <type_traits>
namespace detail {
template <std::size_t I>
struct size_wrapper { };
template <typename V, typename Tup, std::size_t I>
bool visit_tuple_index_impl(Tup && t, std::size_t index, V && visitor, size_wrapper<I>)
{
if (index == I - 1) {
visitor(std::get<I - 1>(std::forward<Tup>(t)));
return true;
}
return visit_tuple_index_impl(std::forward<Tup>(t), index, visitor, size_wrapper<I - 1>());
}
template <typename V, typename Tup>
bool visit_tuple_index_impl(Tup &&, std::size_t, V &&, size_wrapper<0>)
{
return false;
}
}
template <typename V, typename Tup>
bool visit_tuple_index(Tup && t, std::size_t index, V && visitor)
{
return detail::visit_tuple_index_impl(
std::forward<Tup>(t),
index,
std::forward<V>(visitor),
detail::size_wrapper<std::tuple_size<typename std::decay<Tup>::type>::value>()
);
}
答案 3 :(得分:0)
#include <utility>
template<std::size_t...Is>
auto index_over( std::index_sequence<Is...> ) {
return [](auto&& f)->decltype(auto){
return decltype(f)(f)( std::integral_constant<std::size_t, Is>{}... );
};
}
template<std::size_t N>
auto index_upto( std::integral_constant<std::size_t, N> ={} ) {
return index_over( std::make_index_sequence<N>{} );
}
template<class F>
auto foreacher( F&& f ) {
return [f=std::forward<F>(f)](auto&&...args)mutable {
(void(), ..., void(f(decltype(args)(args))));
};
}
template<std::size_t N>
auto count_upto( std::integral_constant<std::size_t, N> ={} ) {
return [](auto&& f){
index_upto<N>()(foreacher(decltype(f)(f)));
};
}
你可以这样做:
#include <iostream>
#include <tuple>
int main() {
std::tuple<int, int> data(5, 10);
count_upto<2>()([&](auto I){
std::cout << "#" << (I+1) << ":" << std::get<I>(data) << "\n";
});
}
此解决方案中没有无限递归。它确实需要C ++ 1z - 您可以使用C ++ 14中的foreacher
技巧替换using unused=int[];
的正文。