Question

这是我的代码，非常简单。

import urllib.request
x = urllib.request.urlopen('https://www.google.com/')
print(x.read())

并且它给了我这个错误：

/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/bin/python3.6 /Users/myName/Library/Preferences/PyCharmCE2017.1/scratches/scratch_3.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 1318, in do_open
    encode_chunked=req.has_header('Transfer-encoding'))
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1239, in request
    self._send_request(method, url, body, headers, encode_chunked)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1285, in _send_request
    self.endheaders(body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1234, in endheaders
    self._send_output(message_body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1026, in _send_output
    self.send(msg)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 964, in send
    self.connect()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py", line 1400, in connect
    server_hostname=server_hostname)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 401, in wrap_socket
    _context=self, _session=session)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 808, in __init__
    self.do_handshake()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 1061, in do_handshake
    self._sslobj.do_handshake()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py", line 683, in do_handshake
    self._sslobj.do_handshake()
ssl.SSLError: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:749)

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/MattAltro/Library/Preferences/PyCharmCE2017.1/scratches/scratch_3.py", line 3, in <module>
    x = urllib.request.urlopen('https://www.google.com/')
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 223, in urlopen
    return opener.open(url, data, timeout)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 526, in open
    response = self._open(req, data)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 544, in _open
    '_open', req)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 504, in _call_chain
    result = func(*args)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 1361, in https_open
    context=self._context, check_hostname=self._check_hostname)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py", line 1320, in do_open
    raise URLError(err)
urllib.error.URLError: <urlopen error [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:749)>

使用退出代码1完成处理

请帮助!!

Answer 1

您的SSL存在安全问题。它对我有用。

它是否始终产生相同的错误？
当您在浏览器中转到https://www.google.com/时，是否锁定了？如果没有，这不是python问题，而是连接问题。
在某些情况下，您希望使用其他参数verify=False禁用安全检查。

Answer 2

看起来您使用的是OS X和Python 3.6。 Python 3.6需要一个安装后步骤才能使SSL正常工作。显然有两种选择：

安装certifi包
运行/ Applications / Python 3.6 /安装Certificates.command

我通过Homebrew安装了我的python，所以我没有.command文件，这只是尝试使用certifi包。该软件包安装正常，但SSL仍然无法正常工作。我最终下载了Python 3.6（from python.org）并运行了Install Certificates.command。它在那里运作良好。

urllib.request.urlopen每次Python 3.6都会给我错误

2 个答案: