Game.py

Question

为什么我无法同时将variable，game.py中的WIDTH, HEIGHT导入player.py和enemy.py？我只能将它导入一个文件。

当我在两个文件上导入它时我收到以下错误：

from game import HEIGHT, WIDTH
ImportError: cannot import name HEIGHT

Game.py

#!/usr/bin/python
VERSION = "0.1"
import os, sys, player, enemy
from os import path

try:
    import pygame
    from pygame.locals import *
except ImportError, err:
    print 'Could not load module %s' % (err)
    sys.exit(2)

# main variables
WIDTH, HEIGHT, FPS, BGIMG = 700, 400, 30, 'FlappyTrollbg.jpg'

# initialize game
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH,HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption("FlappyTroll - Python2.7")

# background
background = pygame.Surface(screen.get_size())
background = background.convert()
background.fill((255,255,255))

img_dir = path.join(path.dirname(__file__), 'img')
class Background(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, image_file, location):
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
        self.width = WIDTH
        self.height = HEIGHT
        self.image = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir,image_file)).convert_alpha()
        self.image = pygame.transform.scale(self.image,(self.width,self.height))
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        #self.rect.left, self.rect.top = location
        self.rect.x, self.rect.y = location
        self.speedx = 5
    def update(self):
        self.rect.x -= self.speedx
        if self.rect.x <= -WIDTH:
            self.rect.x = WIDTH

# blitting
screen.blit(background,(0,0))
pygame.display.flip()

# clock for FPS settings
clock = pygame.time.Clock()


def main():
    all_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
    bgs = pygame.sprite.Group()
    creature = pygame.sprite.Group()
    bgs.add(Background(BGIMG, [0,0]))
    bgs.add(Background(BGIMG, [WIDTH,0]))
    creature.add(player.FlappyTroll())
    for i in range(0,4):
        all_sprites.add(enemy.TrollEnemy())
    # variable for main loop
    running = True
    # init umbrella
    # event loop
    while running:
        clock.tick(FPS)
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                running = False

    #    gets_hit = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(umb, all_sprites, True)
    #    if gets_hit:
    #        newDrop()
        screen.fill([255, 255, 255])
        # update
        bgs.update()
        all_sprites.update()
        creature.update()
        # draw
        bgs.draw(screen)
        all_sprites.draw(screen)
        creature.draw(screen)

        # flip the table
        pygame.display.flip()
    pygame.quit()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

player.py

import pygame
from pygame.locals import *
from os import path
from random import randint
from game import HEIGHT, WIDTH

img_dir = path.join(path.dirname(__file__), 'img')

class FlappyTroll(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self):
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
        self.width = 64
        self.height = 64
        self.image = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir,"flappytroll.png")).convert_alpha()
        self.image = pygame.transform.scale(self.image,(self.width,self.height))
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.x = self.width*2
        self.rect.y = HEIGHT/2-self.height
        self.speedy = 5

    def update(self):
        pass
    #    keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
    #    if(keys[pygame.K_SPACE]):
    #        self.rect.y -= self.speedy*2
    #    else:
    #        self.rect.y += self.speedy

enemy.py

import pygame
from pygame.locals import *
from os import path
from random import randint
from game import HEIGHT, WIDTH

img_dir = path.join(path.dirname(__file__), 'img')

class TrollEnemy(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self):
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
        self.width = 64
        self.height = 64
        self.image = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir,"TrollEnemy.png")).convert_alpha()
        self.image = pygame.transform.scale(self.image,(self.width,self.height))
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.x = WIDTH+self.width
        self.rect.y = randint(self.height,HEIGHT-self.height)
        self.speedy = 5

    def update(self):
        self.rect.x -= speedy

Answer 1

好的，现在我看到你真的有循环导入。您的game.py尝试导入player.py和enemy.py。当你从game.py导入变量时，python导入game.py和creates references in the current namespace to the given objects所以game.py导入player.py，导入game.py。它被称为＆＃34;循环导入＆＃34;。

Answer 2

正如user2357112所提到的，您有一个循环导入问题。我假设你想运行game.py.在第三行中导入播放器，因此Python会解析该文件。当解析器到达player.py的第五行时，它应该导入game.py.这是你的循环导入。

要解决此问题，您可以在单独的.py（简单）或.ini（更复杂但也更清晰）文件中定义主变量，并从那里导入它们。

另一个选择是不导入主变量并将它们传递给需要它们的每个函数。为此，您可以将它们分组到一个字典中，这样您只能传递一个对象。

为什么我不能多次导入变量？

Game.py

player.py

enemy.py

2 个答案: