所以,我的课程需要相互沟通。例如,我构建了聊天程序的客户端。一个类处理套接字,另一个类处理GUI。因此,GUI类必须从套接字类中获取接收的数据,此外还必须通过套接字类发送消息。
问题是如果你让一个类包含另一个你不能双向沟通。您需要将父项的实例传递给子项但我不认为传递实例是正确的方法。
最好的做法是什么?
这里以一些代码为例,希望其清楚(请阅读代码中的注释以便更好地理解):
class MainWindow:
def __init__(self, master, username, sock):
# Tkinter Code Here
def insert_msg(self, data): # d_type 1 - msg
self.chat_textbox.insert(END, "\n%s %s" % (datetime.now().strftime('%H:%M:%S'), data))
self.chat_textbox.see(END)
def send_msg(self, data, d_type=SEND_ENUM.TYPE_MSG, arg=0):
data = str(data)
if len(data) >= 1 and d_type == SEND_ENUM.TYPE_MSG:
try:
self.chat_textbox.insert(END, "\n%s [Me] %s" % (datetime.now().strftime('%H:%M:%S'), data))
# For example, here has to use send_msg method from SockHandler class
# self.sock_handler.send_msg(data)
except sock_handling.ConnectionError as error:
self.chat_textbox.insert(END, "\nError: The message was not delivered", "RED")
else:
pass
finally:
self.msg_box_entry.delete(0, 'end')
self.chat_textbox.see(END)
elif d_type != SEND_ENUM.TYPE_MSG:
try:
# also here self.sock_handler.send_msg(data, d_type)
except sock_handling.ConnectionError as error:
pass
else:
pass
class SockHandler:
def __init__(self, client_socket):
# nothing relevant for the Q
def send_msg(self, data, d_type=SEND_ENUM.TYPE_MSG, arg=0):
packed_data = self.pack_data(d_type, arg, data)
if len(data) >= 1 and d_type == SEND_ENUM.TYPE_MSG:
try:
self.client_socket.send(packed_data)
except socket.error:
raise ConnectionError("Connection Error")
finally:
pass
elif d_type != SEND_ENUM.TYPE_MSG:
try:
self.client_socket.send(packed_data)
except socket.error:
raise ConnectionError("Connection Error")
def receive_data(self):
try:
while True:
recv_data = self.client_socket.recv(self.BUFFER)
(d_type,), data = struct.unpack("!I", recv_data[:4]), recv_data[4:]
if d_type == RECV_ENUM.TYPE_MSG:
# For example, here has to use insert_msg method from MainWindow class
elif d_type == RECV_ENUM.TYPE_USER_LIST:
pass
elif d_type == RECV_ENUM.TYPE_POKE:
pass
except socket.error:
self.client_socket.close()
raise ConnectionError("Connection Error")
答案 0 :(得分:0)
为什么不将SockHandler
实例化为MainWindow
?
像这样:
class MainWindow:
def __init__(self, master, username, sock):
# Tkinter Code Here
self.socket_handler = SockHandler(sock)
现在,您可以使用MainWindow
self.socket_handler.send_msg
发送消息
对于接收,让您的套接字存储接收到MainWindow
可以检索它的数据。
像这样:
class SockHandler:
def __init__(self, client_socket):
# nothing relevant for the Q
self.received_messages = Queue.Queue()
现在,您需要为MainWindow
提供一种方式来访问收到的消息。如果你愿意,你可以通过查询队列直接获取消息,但我更喜欢这样的东西:
# Within the SockHandler Class
def get_next_message():
try:
return self.received_messages.get(True, 5)
except:
return None
如果SockHandler
或MainWindow
处理此方法中的超时异常,则无关紧要。这取决于你。