Question

Id,responseId,name,test1,test2,bcid,stype
213,A_123456,abc,test,zzz,987654321,alpha
412,A_234566,xyz,test,xxx,897564322,gama
125,A_456314,ttt,qa,yyy,786950473,delta
222,A_243445,hds,test,fff,643528290,alpha
456,A_466875,sed,test,hhh,543819101,beta

我想从上面提取列responsecd和bcid。我找到了一个非常接近的答案

awk -F ',' -v cols=responseID,bcid '(NR==1){n=split(cols,cs,",");for(c=1;c<=n;c++){for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)if($(i)==cs[c])ci[c]=i}}{for(i=1;i<=n;i++)printf "%s" FS,$(ci[i]);printf "\n"}' <file_name>

然而，它打印＆＃34;，＆＃34;最后和标题如下所示。

responseId,bcid,
A_123456,987654321,
A_234566,897564322,
A_456314,786950473,
A_243445,643528290,
A_466875,543819101,

如何使其不打印标题和＆＃34;，＆＃34;在bcid之后？

Answer 1

<强>输入

$ cat infile
Id,responseId,name,test1,test2,bcid,stype
213, A_123456, abc, test, zzz, 987654321, alpha
412, A_234566, xyz, test, xxx, 897564322, gama
125, A_456314, ttt, qa, yyy, 786950473, delta
222, A_243445, hds, test, fff, 643528290, alpha
456, A_466875, sed, test, hhh, 543819101, beta

<强>脚本

$ cat byname.awk 
FNR==1{
    split(header,h,/,/);
    for(i=1; i in h; i++)
    {
        for(j=1; j<=NF; j++)
        {
            if(tolower(h[i])==tolower($j)){ d[i]=j; break } 
        }
    }
    next
}
{
    for(i=1; i in h; i++)
        printf("%s%s",i>1 ? OFS:"",  i in d ?$(d[i]):"");
    print "";
}

如何执行？

$ awk -v FS=, -v OFS=, -v header="responseID,bcid" -f byname.awk  infile
 A_123456, 987654321
 A_234566, 897564322
 A_456314, 786950473
 A_243445, 643528290
 A_466875, 543819101

<强>一衬垫

$ awk -v FS=, -v OFS=, -v header="responseID,bcid" 'FNR==1{split(header,h,/,/);for(i=1; i in h; i++){for(j=1; j<=NF; j++){if(tolower(h[i])==tolower($j)){ d[i]=j; break }}}next}{for(i=1; i in h; i++)printf("%s%s",i>1 ? OFS:"",  i in d ?$(d[i]):"");print "";}' infile
 A_123456, 987654321
 A_234566, 897564322
 A_456314, 786950473
 A_243445, 643528290
 A_466875, 543819101

Answer 2

尝试：

awk '{NR==1?FS=",":FS=", ";$0=$0} {print $2 OFS $(NF-1)}' OFS=,   Input_file

检查行是否为第1行，然后将分隔符设为“，”，并将其他行分隔为“，”，然后打印第2个字段和第2个字段。将OFS（输出字段分隔符）设置为，

AWK根据列名显示列并删除标题和最后一个分隔符

2 个答案: