Question

Assuming that I have a directory which contains decades of subdirectories:

$ ls -d /very/long/path/*/
adir1/ adir2/ b2dir/ b3dir/ k101/ k102/ k103/ k104/ k220/ k221/ k222/ etc

I would like to loop over a selection of directories which will be defined "dynamically" based on the answer given by the user and it will contain wildcards. For example (the code that doesn't work):

$ cat my_script.sh

DATADIR="/very/long/path"
echo -n "Select dirs to involve: "
read dirlist
for DIR in "$dirlist"; do
  echo $DATADIR/$DIR 
  [do stuff]
  ...
done

What would be desired is the following:

$ ./my_script.sh
Select dirs to involve: a* k10?

/very/long/path/adir1
/very/long/path/adir2
/very/long/path/k101
/very/long/path/k102
/very/long/path/k103
/very/long/path/k104

Any hint?

Answer 1

一个可能的解决方案是使用find：

#!/bin/bash
DATADIR="/very/long/path"
echo -n "Select matching expression: "
IFS= read -r dirlist
while IFS read -r -d '' DIR; do
  echo "$DIR"
  [do stuff]
  ...
done < <(find "$DATADIR" -path "$dirlist" -print0)

我建议您阅读find的联机帮助页，因为匹配会占用斜线，并且可能不像您习惯使用shell globbing那样。

请注意，使用-print0和read -d''可以确保处理具有有趣名称（空白，换行符）的文件而不会出现问题。

如果您希望能够同时处理多个表达式输入，则必须执行以下操作：

#!/bin/bash
DATADIR="/very/long/path"
echo -n "Select matching expression: "
IFS= read -r -a dirlist_array
for dirlist in "${dirlist_array[@]}" ; do
  while IFS read -r -d '' DIR; do
    echo "$DIR"
    [do stuff]
    ...
  done < <(find "$DATADIR" -path "$dirlist" -print0)
done

Answer 2

不确定这是否会遇到问题，但要给它一个旋转：

DATADIR="/very/long/path"

read -r -p "Select dirs to involve: " -a dirs

cd $DATADIR

for dir in ${dirs[@]}
do
    echo "$dir"
done

让阵列不加引号可以使球体扩展。

更新：双循环以允许使用目录位置

DATADIR="/very/long/path"

read -r -p "Select dirs to involve: " -a dirs

for item in "${dirs[@]}"
do
  for dir in "$DATADIR/"$item
  do
    echo "$dir"
  done
done

How to loop over a list of directories containing wildcards in bash?

2 个答案: